Chapter 29 Diseases
COPD
a progressive, complex disease with marked dyspnea, productive cough, frequent respiratory infections, barrel chest, respiratory failure
Pneumonia
acute infection causing coughing, sputum, chills, fever, pleural chest pain; impairs exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Influenza
acute, contagious disease with chills, fever, headache, muscular aches, non-productive cough
Respiratory distress syndrome
affects infants, causing respiratory distress, rapid and shallow breathing, retracted sternum, flared nostrils, grunting
Bronchitis
an infectious, acute, or chronically developed disease causing wheezing, dyspnea, productive cough
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
awaken from sleep with feeling of suffocation
Asthma
bronchospasms; an allergic reaction disorder causing wheezing, dyspnea, sputum production
Atelectasis
dyspnea due to collapse of the alveoli
Pulmonary embolism
dyspnea, chest pain, rapid heart, productive cough, low-grade fever; caused by blood vessel obstruction
pulmonary edema
fluid collection within lung tissue associated with heart disease, causes dyspnea, orthopnea, frothy bloody sputum
Tuberculosis
nodular lesions and patchy infiltration of lung tissue causing fatigue, weakness, lack of appetite, weight loss, night sweats
Epistaxis
nosebleed
SIDS
prolonged apnea in infants, irregular heart rate, severe lack of oxygen
Allergic Rhinitis
reaction to airborne allergens causing sneezing, profuse watery nasal discharge, and nasal congestion
Pleurisy
sharp, stabbing pain with lung respirations, some dyspnea, usually one-sided
Upper respiratory infection (URI)
sore throat, nasal congestion, headache, burning, watery eyes, fever, non-productive cough
Pneumothorax
sudden sharp pain, unequal chest wall expansion, may be chest wound; weak rapid pulse, dyspnea, lung collapse
Laryngectomy
surgical removal of the larynx
Emphysema
Inability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide, causing chronic cough, pursed-lips breathing, cyanosis, weight loss
Pneumonoconiosis
Environmental disease causing dyspnea, lack of oxygen, bronchial congestion
Histoplasmosis
Cold-like symptoms initially, progressing to involve liver, spleen, and lymph glands; productive cough, dyspnea, weakness
Legionnairres' Disease
Diarrhea, lack of appetite, headache, chills, fever that persists, weakness, grayish sputum
Pleural effusion
hypoxia due to the presence of excess fluid in the pleural space