Chapter 3 Biochemistry

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Polysaccharides are

Carbohydrates

Which three elements are often found in organic compounds

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

What forces holds two molecules together

Cohesion

The formation of polymers from monomers occurs as a result of reactions, and the breakdown of polymers into monomers occurs as a result of reactions

Condensation hydrolysis

Nucleic acids include

DNA and RNA

Water is a polar molecule because

Different parts of the molecule have slightly different charges

Which organic molecule below is most closely related to nucleic acid

Nucleotides

Water is important to life because

A. Surroundings all cells B. Is found inside cells C. influences the shape of the a membrane D. All of the above

Which of following characteristics of of water is not a result of hydrogen bonding

A. adhesive strength B. capillarity C. cohesive strength D. all of the above are a result of hydrogen bonding

Water molecules break up other polar substances

A. such as sugars B. because of the uneven charge distribution that exists in water molecules C. Thus freeing ions in these substances for use by the body D. All of the above

All organic compound contain the element

C

Breaking of bond is the first thing that happens when water is heated, which means that it takes a great deal of thermal energy to raise the temperature of water

Hydrogen

The formation of ADP and inorganic phosphate from ATP and water is an example of which kind of reaction

Hydrolysis

Which of the following is not an organic macromolecule

Ice

Carbon is different from most other elements in that

It readily bonds with other carbon atoms

Liquid fats called oils contain

Long CH2 chains linked by double covalent bonds

Nonpolar molecules have

No negative or positive poles

Lipids are

Nonpolar molecules

Liquids are soluble in

Oil

Water is very effective at dissolving other polar substances because of its

Polar

A molecule that has a partial positive charge on one side and a partial negative charge on the other side is called a

Polar Molecule

Amino acids are monomers of

Protein

Because carbon atoms have four electrons in their outermost energy level, they tend to form covalent bonds with other atoms

Single

All of the following are examples of lipids except

Starch

All of the following are examples of carbohydrates expect

Steroids

Which of the following is a carbohydrate

Sucrose

Which of the following is not true of alcohols

They are the only kind of functional group in organic molecules that contain oxygen

T/F Because water is a polar molecule, it tends to cause ionic compounds mixed in water to dissociate into ions

True

T/F Capillarity is apparent when you put a straw in water and the water level inside the straw rises higher than the level in the surrounding container

True

T/F Functional groups are the side groups of carbon compounds that confer specific properties to these compounds

True

T/F Organic compounds are substances produced and found in living things

True

In a condensation reaction, two molecules become linked together and a molecule of is produced

Water


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