Chapter 3 CIS

mass customization

The ability of an organization to tailor its products or services to the customers' specifications (ex. order MnMs in a special color or with a special saying)

Heat map

a dimensional representation of data in which values are represented by colors

Applet

a program that runs within another application such as a website

Wiki

a type of collaborative web page that allows users to add, remove, and change content, which can be easily organized and reorganized as required

Web Browser

allows users to access the WWW

open source

refers to any software whose source code is made available free for any third party to review and modify

long tail

the tail of a typical sales curve

Clickstream data

used to observe the exact pattern of a consumer's navigation through a site

4 characteristics of Web 2.0

1. Content sharing through open sourcing 2. User-contributed content 3. Collaboration inside the organization 4. Collaboration outside the organization

website bookmark

A locally stored URL or the address of a file or Internet page saved as a shortcut

ebusiness model

A plan that details how a company creates, delivers, and generates revenues on the internet

JavaScript

A scripting language developed by Netscape and used by interactive websites, a big driver of business 2.0

viral marketing

A technique that induces websites or users to pass on a marketing message to other websites or users, creating exponential growth in the message's visibility and effect

Social network

An application that connects people by matching profile information

collective intelligence

Collaborating and tapping into the core knowledge of all employees, partners, and customers

Ebusiness Tools

Email Instant messaging Podcasting Videoconferencing Web conferencing Content management system

Content Provider

Generates revenues by providing digital content such as news, music, photos, or videos

tactic knowledge

Knowledge contained in people's heads

viral marketing

Marketing phenomenon that facilitates and encourages people to pass along a marketing message

Personalization

Occurs when a company knows enough about a customer's likes and dislikes that it can fashion offers more likely to appeal to that person

Sustaining Technology

Produces an improved product customers are eager to buy (ex. faster car, larger hard drive)

World wide web

Provides access to Internet information through documents including text, graphics, audio, and video files that use a special formatting language called HTML

Tags

Specific keywords or phrases incorporated into website content for means of classification or taxonomy

web 2.0 (business 2.0)

The next generation of Internet use—a more mature, distinctive communications platform characterized by new qualities such as collaboration, sharing, and free.

Microblogging

The practice of sending brief posts (140 to 200 characters) to a personal blog, either publicly or to a private group of subscribers who can read the posts as IMs or as text messages.

Banner Ad

a box running across a website that advertises the products and services of another business usually another ebusiness

click and mortar business

a business that operates in a physical store and on the internet (ex. barnes and noble)

Brick-and-Mortar Business

a business that operates in a physical store without an internet presence (ex. tj max)

Pure-Play (Virtual) Business

a business that operates on the internet only without a physical store (ex. google)

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

a company that provides access to the internet for a monthly fee

Click through

a count of the number of people who visit one site and click on an advertisement that takes them to the site of the advertiser

hashtag

a keyword or phrase used to identify a topic and is preceded by a hash or pound sign (#)

Internet

a massive network that connects computers all over the world and allows them to communicate with one another

Disruptive technology

a new way of doing things that initially does not meet the demands of existing customers

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)

a non-profit organization that has assumed the responsibility for internet protocol (IP) address space allocation, protocol, parameter assignment, domain name system management and root server system management...us gov contract

Business model

a plan that details how a company creates, delivers, and generates revenues

Telepresence robot

a remote controlled wheeled device with a display to enable video chat and video conferencing

Domain name hosting

a service that allows the owner of a domain name to maintain a simple website and provide email capacity

Instant messaging (IM or IMing)

a service that enables instant or real-time communication between people

Collaboration system

a set of tools that supports the work of teams or groups by facilitating the sharing and flow of information

Cookie

a small file deposited on a hard drive by a website containing information about customers and their web activities

Pop-up-Ad

a small web page containing an advertisement that appears outside of the current website loaded in the browser

Shopping cart

a software used to make a websites product catalog available for online ordering, whereby visitors may select view, add/delete and purchase merchandise (primary driver of ebusiness)

Web 1.o (or Business 1.0)

a term to refer to the world wide web during its first few years of operation between 1991 and 2003

Real Simple Syndication (RSS)

a web format used to publish frequently updated works, such as blogs, news headlines, audio, and video, in a standardized format

Serach engine

a website software that finds other pages based on keyword matching similar to google

keyword

a word used in preforming a search

Intermediaries

agents, software, or businesses that provide a trading infrastructure to bring buyers and sellers together

Affiliate programs

allow a business to generate commissions or referral fees when a customer visiting its website clicks a link to another merchants website

Associate (affiliate) program

allows a business to generate commissions or referral fees when a customer visiting its website clicks a link to another merchant's website

videoconference

allows people at two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously as well as share documents, data, computer displays, and whiteboards

Social bookmarking

allows users to share, organize, search, and manage bookmarks

Cyborg Anthropologist

an individual who studies the interaction between humans and technology, observing how technology can shape humans lives

Blogs (web blog)

an online journal that allows users to post their own comments, graphic and video

Native adversiting

an online marketing concept in which the advertiser attempts to gain attention by providing content in the contest of the user's experience in terms of its context, format, style or placement

web real-time communication (web RTC)

an open source project that seeks to embed real-time voice, text and video communications capabilities in web browsers

closed source

any proprietary software licensed under exclusive legal right of the copyright holder

Business-to-consumer (B2C)

applies to any business that sells its products or services to consumers over the internet

Consumer-to-business (C2B)

applies to any consumer who sells a product or service to a business on the internet

Business-to-business (B2B)

applies to businesses buying from and selling to each other over the internet

Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)

applies to customers offering goods and services to each other on the internet

web conferencing (webinar)

blends videoconferencing with document sharing and allows the user to deliver a presentation over the web to a group of geographically dispersed participants

Online Marketplaces

bring together buyers and sellers of products and services (ex. amazon)

Search Engine Optimization (SEO)

combines art with science to determine how to make URLs more attractive to search engines resulting in higher search engine ranking

asynchronous communication

communication such as email in which the message and the response do not occur at the same time

synchronous communication

communications that occur at the same time such as IM or chat

explicit knowledge

consists of anything that can be documented, archived, and codified, often with the help of IT

Open system

consists of nonproprietary hardware and software based on publicly known standards that allow third parties to create add-on products to plug into or interoperate with the system

source code

contains instructions written by a programmer specifying the actions to be performed by computer software

Universal web locator (URL)

contains the address of a file or resource on the web such as www.apple.com

snackable content

content that is designed to be easy for readers to consume and share

Podcasting

converts an audio broadcast to a digital music player

Hitbots

create the illusion that a large number of potential customers are clicking the advertising links, when in fact there is no likely hood that any of the clicks will lead to profit for the advisor

Network effect

describes how products in a network increase in value to users as the number of users increases

Social tagging

describes the collaborative activity of marking shared online content with keywords or tags as a way to organize it for future navigation, filtering, or search

Direct to consumer

ebusiness model where companies build, market, sell, and ship their products themselves, without relying on traditional stores or intermediaries 3 main drivers are 1) customer experience 2) data collection 3) reduced costs

search engine ranking

evaluates variables that search engines use to determine where a URL appears on the list of search results

Pay-per-call

generates revenue each time a user clicks on a link that takes the user directly to an online agent waiting for a call

pay-per-click

generates revenue each time a user clicks on a link to a retailer's website

pay-per-conversation

generates revenue each time a website visitor is converted to a customer

Content Management System (CMS)

helps companies manage the creation, storage, editing, and publication of their website content

Digital Darwinism

implies that organizations that cannot adapt to the new demands placed on them for surviving in the information age are doomed to extinction

Ebusiness

includes ecommerce along with all activities related to internal and external business operations such as servicing customer accounts, collaborating partners and exchanging real time information

Ecommerce

includes the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet (refers to just the online transactions)

World wide web consortium (W3C)

international community that develops open standards to ensure the long-term growth of the web

user-contributed content (or user-generated content)

is created and uploaded by many users for many users

adwords

keywords that advertisers choose to pay for and appear as sponsored links on the google results page

paid search

links a company paid to have displayed based on your keywords

Social networking analysis

maps group contacts identifying who knows each other and who works together

Interactivity

measures advertising effectiveness by counting visitor interactions with the target ad, including time spent viewing the ad, number of pages viewed, and number of repeat visits to the advertisement

Stickiness

measures the amount of time visitors spend on a website or application

Information reach

measures the number of people a firm can communicate with all over the world

Disintermediaries

occurs when a business sells directly to the customer online and cuts out the intermediary

paradigm shift

occurs when a new radical form of business enters the market that reshapes the way companies and organizations behave

Real-time communication

occurs when a system updates information at the same rate it receives it

Portals

operate central website for users to access specialized content and other services

Transaction brokers

process online sales transactions

service providers

provide services such as photo sharing, video sharing, online backup and storage (ex. youtube)

Infomediaries

provide specialized information on behalf of producers of goods and services and their potential customers (zillow)

Hypertext Markup language (HTML)

publishes hypertext on the WWW, which allows users to move from one document to another simply by clicking a hot spot or link

Cybermediation

refers to the creation of new kinds of intermediaries that simply could not have existed before the advent of ebusiness

Information richness

refers to the depth and breath of details contained in a piece of textual, graphic, audio or video information

Crowdsourcing

refers to the wisdom of the crowd

Social media

refers to websites that rely on user participation and user-contributed content

social graphs

represent the interconnection of relationships in a social network

Folksonomy

similar to taxonomy except that crowdsourcing determines the tags or keyword-based classification system

crowdfunding

sources capital for a project by raising many small amounts from a large # of individuals, typically via the internet

Reintermediation

steps are added to the value chain as new players find ways to add value to the business process

Knowledge Management Systems

supports the capture, organization, and dissemination of knowledge throughout an organization

HTML 5

the current version of HTML delivers everything from animation to graphics and music to movies; it can also be used to build complicated web applications and works across platforms, including a PC, tablet, smartphone, or smart TV

Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP)

the internet protocol web browsers use to request and display web pages using universal resource locators

Dot-com

the original term for a company operating on the internet

Click fraud

the practice of artificially inflating traffic stats for online advertisements

Social networking

the practice of expanding your business and/or social contacts by constructing a personal network

Clickstream analytics

the process of collecting, analyzing and reporting aggregate data bout which pages a website visitor visits and in what order

Taxonomy

the scientific classification of organisms into groups based on similarities of structure or origin

URL shortening

the translation of a long URL into an abbreviated alternative that redirects to the longer URL

organic search

the unpaid entries in a search engine results page that were derived based on their contents' relevance to the keyword query

website ebusiness analytics

uses clickstream data to determine the effectiveness of the site as a channel-to-market

website traffic analytics

uses clickstream data to determine the efficiency of the site for users and operates at the server level

reputation system

where buyers post feedback on sellers