Chapter 3 CIS
mass customization
The ability of an organization to tailor its products or services to the customers' specifications (ex. order MnMs in a special color or with a special saying)
Heat map
a dimensional representation of data in which values are represented by colors
Applet
a program that runs within another application such as a website
Wiki
a type of collaborative web page that allows users to add, remove, and change content, which can be easily organized and reorganized as required
Web Browser
allows users to access the WWW
open source
refers to any software whose source code is made available free for any third party to review and modify
long tail
the tail of a typical sales curve
Clickstream data
used to observe the exact pattern of a consumer's navigation through a site
4 characteristics of Web 2.0
1. Content sharing through open sourcing 2. User-contributed content 3. Collaboration inside the organization 4. Collaboration outside the organization
website bookmark
A locally stored URL or the address of a file or Internet page saved as a shortcut
ebusiness model
A plan that details how a company creates, delivers, and generates revenues on the internet
JavaScript
A scripting language developed by Netscape and used by interactive websites, a big driver of business 2.0
viral marketing
A technique that induces websites or users to pass on a marketing message to other websites or users, creating exponential growth in the message's visibility and effect
Social network
An application that connects people by matching profile information
collective intelligence
Collaborating and tapping into the core knowledge of all employees, partners, and customers
Ebusiness Tools
Email Instant messaging Podcasting Videoconferencing Web conferencing Content management system
Content Provider
Generates revenues by providing digital content such as news, music, photos, or videos
tactic knowledge
Knowledge contained in people's heads
viral marketing
Marketing phenomenon that facilitates and encourages people to pass along a marketing message
Personalization
Occurs when a company knows enough about a customer's likes and dislikes that it can fashion offers more likely to appeal to that person
Sustaining Technology
Produces an improved product customers are eager to buy (ex. faster car, larger hard drive)
World wide web
Provides access to Internet information through documents including text, graphics, audio, and video files that use a special formatting language called HTML
Tags
Specific keywords or phrases incorporated into website content for means of classification or taxonomy
web 2.0 (business 2.0)
The next generation of Internet use—a more mature, distinctive communications platform characterized by new qualities such as collaboration, sharing, and free.
Microblogging
The practice of sending brief posts (140 to 200 characters) to a personal blog, either publicly or to a private group of subscribers who can read the posts as IMs or as text messages.
Banner Ad
a box running across a website that advertises the products and services of another business usually another ebusiness
click and mortar business
a business that operates in a physical store and on the internet (ex. barnes and noble)
Brick-and-Mortar Business
a business that operates in a physical store without an internet presence (ex. tj max)
Pure-Play (Virtual) Business
a business that operates on the internet only without a physical store (ex. google)
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
a company that provides access to the internet for a monthly fee
Click through
a count of the number of people who visit one site and click on an advertisement that takes them to the site of the advertiser
hashtag
a keyword or phrase used to identify a topic and is preceded by a hash or pound sign (#)
Internet
a massive network that connects computers all over the world and allows them to communicate with one another
Disruptive technology
a new way of doing things that initially does not meet the demands of existing customers
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
a non-profit organization that has assumed the responsibility for internet protocol (IP) address space allocation, protocol, parameter assignment, domain name system management and root server system management...us gov contract
Business model
a plan that details how a company creates, delivers, and generates revenues
Telepresence robot
a remote controlled wheeled device with a display to enable video chat and video conferencing
Domain name hosting
a service that allows the owner of a domain name to maintain a simple website and provide email capacity
Instant messaging (IM or IMing)
a service that enables instant or real-time communication between people
Collaboration system
a set of tools that supports the work of teams or groups by facilitating the sharing and flow of information
Cookie
a small file deposited on a hard drive by a website containing information about customers and their web activities
Pop-up-Ad
a small web page containing an advertisement that appears outside of the current website loaded in the browser
Shopping cart
a software used to make a websites product catalog available for online ordering, whereby visitors may select view, add/delete and purchase merchandise (primary driver of ebusiness)
Web 1.o (or Business 1.0)
a term to refer to the world wide web during its first few years of operation between 1991 and 2003
Real Simple Syndication (RSS)
a web format used to publish frequently updated works, such as blogs, news headlines, audio, and video, in a standardized format
Serach engine
a website software that finds other pages based on keyword matching similar to google
keyword
a word used in preforming a search
Intermediaries
agents, software, or businesses that provide a trading infrastructure to bring buyers and sellers together
Affiliate programs
allow a business to generate commissions or referral fees when a customer visiting its website clicks a link to another merchants website
Associate (affiliate) program
allows a business to generate commissions or referral fees when a customer visiting its website clicks a link to another merchant's website
videoconference
allows people at two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously as well as share documents, data, computer displays, and whiteboards
Social bookmarking
allows users to share, organize, search, and manage bookmarks
Cyborg Anthropologist
an individual who studies the interaction between humans and technology, observing how technology can shape humans lives
Blogs (web blog)
an online journal that allows users to post their own comments, graphic and video
Native adversiting
an online marketing concept in which the advertiser attempts to gain attention by providing content in the contest of the user's experience in terms of its context, format, style or placement
web real-time communication (web RTC)
an open source project that seeks to embed real-time voice, text and video communications capabilities in web browsers
closed source
any proprietary software licensed under exclusive legal right of the copyright holder
Business-to-consumer (B2C)
applies to any business that sells its products or services to consumers over the internet
Consumer-to-business (C2B)
applies to any consumer who sells a product or service to a business on the internet
Business-to-business (B2B)
applies to businesses buying from and selling to each other over the internet
Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)
applies to customers offering goods and services to each other on the internet
web conferencing (webinar)
blends videoconferencing with document sharing and allows the user to deliver a presentation over the web to a group of geographically dispersed participants
Online Marketplaces
bring together buyers and sellers of products and services (ex. amazon)
Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
combines art with science to determine how to make URLs more attractive to search engines resulting in higher search engine ranking
asynchronous communication
communication such as email in which the message and the response do not occur at the same time
synchronous communication
communications that occur at the same time such as IM or chat
explicit knowledge
consists of anything that can be documented, archived, and codified, often with the help of IT
Open system
consists of nonproprietary hardware and software based on publicly known standards that allow third parties to create add-on products to plug into or interoperate with the system
source code
contains instructions written by a programmer specifying the actions to be performed by computer software
Universal web locator (URL)
contains the address of a file or resource on the web such as www.apple.com
snackable content
content that is designed to be easy for readers to consume and share
Podcasting
converts an audio broadcast to a digital music player
Hitbots
create the illusion that a large number of potential customers are clicking the advertising links, when in fact there is no likely hood that any of the clicks will lead to profit for the advisor
Network effect
describes how products in a network increase in value to users as the number of users increases
Social tagging
describes the collaborative activity of marking shared online content with keywords or tags as a way to organize it for future navigation, filtering, or search
Direct to consumer
ebusiness model where companies build, market, sell, and ship their products themselves, without relying on traditional stores or intermediaries 3 main drivers are 1) customer experience 2) data collection 3) reduced costs
search engine ranking
evaluates variables that search engines use to determine where a URL appears on the list of search results
Pay-per-call
generates revenue each time a user clicks on a link that takes the user directly to an online agent waiting for a call
pay-per-click
generates revenue each time a user clicks on a link to a retailer's website
pay-per-conversation
generates revenue each time a website visitor is converted to a customer
Content Management System (CMS)
helps companies manage the creation, storage, editing, and publication of their website content
Digital Darwinism
implies that organizations that cannot adapt to the new demands placed on them for surviving in the information age are doomed to extinction
Ebusiness
includes ecommerce along with all activities related to internal and external business operations such as servicing customer accounts, collaborating partners and exchanging real time information
Ecommerce
includes the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet (refers to just the online transactions)
World wide web consortium (W3C)
international community that develops open standards to ensure the long-term growth of the web
user-contributed content (or user-generated content)
is created and uploaded by many users for many users
adwords
keywords that advertisers choose to pay for and appear as sponsored links on the google results page
paid search
links a company paid to have displayed based on your keywords
Social networking analysis
maps group contacts identifying who knows each other and who works together
Interactivity
measures advertising effectiveness by counting visitor interactions with the target ad, including time spent viewing the ad, number of pages viewed, and number of repeat visits to the advertisement
Stickiness
measures the amount of time visitors spend on a website or application
Information reach
measures the number of people a firm can communicate with all over the world
Disintermediaries
occurs when a business sells directly to the customer online and cuts out the intermediary
paradigm shift
occurs when a new radical form of business enters the market that reshapes the way companies and organizations behave
Real-time communication
occurs when a system updates information at the same rate it receives it
Portals
operate central website for users to access specialized content and other services
Transaction brokers
process online sales transactions
service providers
provide services such as photo sharing, video sharing, online backup and storage (ex. youtube)
Infomediaries
provide specialized information on behalf of producers of goods and services and their potential customers (zillow)
Hypertext Markup language (HTML)
publishes hypertext on the WWW, which allows users to move from one document to another simply by clicking a hot spot or link
Cybermediation
refers to the creation of new kinds of intermediaries that simply could not have existed before the advent of ebusiness
Information richness
refers to the depth and breath of details contained in a piece of textual, graphic, audio or video information
Crowdsourcing
refers to the wisdom of the crowd
Social media
refers to websites that rely on user participation and user-contributed content
social graphs
represent the interconnection of relationships in a social network
Folksonomy
similar to taxonomy except that crowdsourcing determines the tags or keyword-based classification system
crowdfunding
sources capital for a project by raising many small amounts from a large # of individuals, typically via the internet
Reintermediation
steps are added to the value chain as new players find ways to add value to the business process
Knowledge Management Systems
supports the capture, organization, and dissemination of knowledge throughout an organization
HTML 5
the current version of HTML delivers everything from animation to graphics and music to movies; it can also be used to build complicated web applications and works across platforms, including a PC, tablet, smartphone, or smart TV
Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP)
the internet protocol web browsers use to request and display web pages using universal resource locators
Dot-com
the original term for a company operating on the internet
Click fraud
the practice of artificially inflating traffic stats for online advertisements
Social networking
the practice of expanding your business and/or social contacts by constructing a personal network
Clickstream analytics
the process of collecting, analyzing and reporting aggregate data bout which pages a website visitor visits and in what order
Taxonomy
the scientific classification of organisms into groups based on similarities of structure or origin
URL shortening
the translation of a long URL into an abbreviated alternative that redirects to the longer URL
organic search
the unpaid entries in a search engine results page that were derived based on their contents' relevance to the keyword query
website ebusiness analytics
uses clickstream data to determine the effectiveness of the site as a channel-to-market
website traffic analytics
uses clickstream data to determine the efficiency of the site for users and operates at the server level
reputation system
where buyers post feedback on sellers