Chapter 3 Test Review: Nutrition for Wellness

Other than supplying energy, fat has no functional value in our bodies. True False

False

The more the nutrients a person has, the healthier he or she is. True False

False

Vitamins and minerals are used by the body to supply energy. True False

False

Which of the following statements is TRUE? a. Daily intake of fat-soluble vitamins is crucial. b. Antioxidant supplements prevent free radical damage. c. Amino acid supplements will increase muscle mass. d. Antioxidant supplements increase the risk of death.

d. Antioxidant supplements increase the risk of death.

_____ is one of the three pathogens that is responsible for more than 75 percent of the deaths caused by foodborne diseases. a. Hepatitis A b. E. coli c. Influenza d. Salmonella

d. Salmonella

Which of the following is a good example of whole-grain food? a. bleached flour b. degermed cornmeal c. white rice d. brown rice

d. brown rice

Fat is a primary fuel for the ATP-CP system. True False

False

Essential amino acids are manufactured in the body. True False

False

Excess glucose in the blood is converted to fat and stored in adipose tissue. True False

True

Excessive intake of vitamin A and beta-carotene can be detrimental to health. True False

True

Increased fiber intake decreases the risk for cardiovascular disease. True False

True

Protein (amino acid) supplements will not increase muscle mass. True False

True

The RDA is the daily amount of a nutrient considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of practically all healthy people in the U.S. True False

True

Which of the following is NOT recommended in the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans? a. Drink alcohol in moderation if you are a young adult. b. Choose fats wisely for good health. c. Choose and prepare foods with little salt. d. Choose carbohydrates wisely for good health.

a. Drink alcohol in moderation if you are a young adult.

The amount of a nutrient that is estimated to meet the nutrient requirement of half the healthy people in specific age and gender groups is known specifically as the: a. Estimated Average Requirement. b. Recommended Dietary Allowance. c. Adequate Intake. d. Dietary Reference Intake.

a. Estimated Average Requirement.

Which of the following is associated with lower risk for coronary heart disease? a. HDL b. LDL c. VLDL d. cholesterol

a. HDL

Marathon runners primarily utilize which of the following systems to provide energy? a. aerobic b. ATP-CP c. lactic acid d. anaerobic

a. aerobic

Multivitamins provide: a. antioxidants. b. phytonutrients. c. real energy. d. soluble fiber.

a. antioxidants.

Soy products are linked to lower risk for: a. breast cancer. b. colon cancer. c. lung cancer. d. stomach cancer.

a. breast cancer.

Lipoproteins are a: a. combination of lipids and proteins. b. good source of complete proteins. c. combination of fatty acids and nitrogen. d. healthier liquid form of proteins.

a. combination of lipids and proteins.

If a diet has enough of protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin C, the foods consumed in natural form to provide these nutrients typically _____ the human body needs. a. contain all the other nutrients b. lack many essential nutrients c. contain more calories than d. contain fewer calories than

a. contain all the other nutrients

Excess glucose in the blood is: a. converted to fat and stored in adipose tissue. b. converted to protein and used by the body. c. converted to fiber and discharged from the body. d. not important in controlling body fat.

a. converted to fat and stored in adipose tissue.

Because most plant-based products lack one or more essential amino acids, the key to a healthful vegan diet is to: a. eat foods that possess complementary proteins. b. eat animal-based products at least once a week. c. take daily multiple vitamins and minerals. d. avoid eating too many plant-based products.

a. eat foods that possess complementary proteins.

The most concentrated energy source in the body is: a. fat. b. protein. c. vitamins. d. carbohydrates.

a. fat.

MyPyramid nutrition guidelines recommend that you should consume _____ sparsely. a. fats and oils b. meat and beans c. milk products d. whole grains

a. fats and oils

A food that offers specific health benefits beyond those supplied by the traditional nutrients it contains is called a _____ food. a. functional b. fortified c. high-octane d. transgenic

a. functional

Minerals: a. help regulate body functions. b. are found only in animal products. c. are a good source of energy for the body. d. make up about 70 percent of total body weight.

a. help regulate body functions.

Insoluble fiber: a. lowers the risk for colon cancer. b. lowers blood sugar level. c. lowers blood cholesterol level. d. binds and excretes fat from the body.

a. lowers the risk for colon cancer.

Nutritional supplementation: a. may benefit individuals who are strict vegetarians. b. provides benefits to healthy people who eat a balanced diet. c. helps prevent chronic diseases and cure a common cold. d. helps people run faster, jump higher, or boost energy levels.

a. may benefit individuals who are strict vegetarians.

Consuming _____ reduces abnormal heart rhythms and blood clotting. a. omega-3 fatty acids b. omega-6 fatty acids c. polyunsaturated fat d. trans fatty acids

a. omega-3 fatty acids

Eating nuts several times a week may lead to the: a. reduced incidence of heart disease. b. reduced level of blood antioxidants. c. increased level of homocysteine. d. increased risk for many cancers.

a. reduced incidence of heart disease.

The primary function of proteins is to: a. serve as an important component of muscle. b. provide favorable texture and flavor to foods. c. supply a high level of energy to body cells. d. promote chemical reactions within cells.

a. serve as an important component of muscle.

The two main fuels that supply energy for physical activity are: a. sugar and fatty acids. b. vitamins and caffeine. c. amino acids and water. d. protein and vitamin B.

a. sugar and fatty acids.

Proper nutrition means that a person's diet: a. supplies all the essential nutrients. b. has enough fruits and vegetables. c. has enough vitamins and protein. d. supplies a sufficient amount of energy.

a. supplies all the essential nutrients.

Complete protein sources: a. supply all essential amino acids. b. supply more energy than incomplete sources. c. are stored in the body as adipose tissue. d. do not raise serum cholesterol levels.

a. supply all essential amino acids.

The current average daily fat consumption in the U.S. diet is about _____ percent of the total caloric intake. a. 37 b. 34 c. 25 d. 20

b. 34

During weight lifting, which of the following systems provides energy? a. aerobic b. ATP-CP c. lactic acid d. anaerobic

b. ATP-CP

The daily amount of a nutrient that is considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of nearly all healthy people in the United States is known specifically as the: a. Estimated Average Requirement. b. Recommended Dietary Allowance. c. Adequate Intake. d. Dietary Reference Intake.

b. Recommended Dietary Allowance.

_____ do not eat red meat but do eat fish, poultry, milk products, and eggs. a. Ovolactovegetarians b. Semivegetarians c. Lactovegetarians d. Ovovegetarians

b. Semivegetarians

In humans, phytonutrients seem to have a powerful ability to: a. protect the skin from the powerful sunlight. b. block the formation of cancerous tumors. c. supply sufficient amount of vitamins. d. provide energy for normal body function.

b. block the formation of cancerous tumors.

Vegetarian diets: a. are the key measure one should use to manage weight. b. can be consistent with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. c. cannot meet the DRIs for nutrients even with proper planning. d. can avoid nutritional deficiencies without proper planning.

b. can be consistent with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.

Nutrition supplements: a. balance the diet of people who are too busy to eat unhealthily. b. do not supply all the nutrients and other beneficial substances present in food. c. are the richest sources of antioxidants and phytonutrients. d. supply all the nutrients and other beneficial substances found in food.

b. do not supply all the nutrients and other beneficial substances present in food.

The MyPyramid healthy eating guide contains the following five major food groups and oils: a. protein, carbohydrate, water, vitamins, and minerals. b. grains, vegetables, fruits, milk, and meats and beans. c. pasta/rice, cheese, poultry, eggs, and green veggies. d. wheat, white meat, skim milk, brown eggs, and organics.

b. grains, vegetables, fruits, milk, and meats and beans.

Trans fatty acids: a. are essential to human health. b. have no known health benefit. c. are as good as omega-3 fatty acids. d. are better than saturated fat.

b. have no known health benefit.

The 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans describe a healthy diet as one that: a. emphasizes organically produced fruits and vegetables. b. includes lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, eggs, and nuts. c. is low in complex carbohydrates and high in good protein. d. provides complete protein, vitamins, and minerals.

b. includes lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, eggs, and nuts.

Fruit sugar, fructose, occurring naturally in fruits and honey: a. is a better source of sugar than table sugar. b. is converted to glucose and used by the body. c. is more unlikely to cause health problems than table sugar. d. can be consumed more than other sugars without causing obesity.

b. is converted to glucose and used by the body.

MyPyramid nutrition guidelines recommend that you should: a. consume your grains sparsely. b. make half of your grains whole. c. not worry about the types of grains. d. limit your grains to whole grains.

b. make half of your grains whole.

The National Academy of Sciences recommends that daily fat intake _____ percent of total caloric intake for individuals with normal insulin response to carbohydrates. a. can be up to 35 b. should not exceed 30 c. should be between 50 and 60 d. should not exceed 20

b. should not exceed 30

Glycogen is: a. made from amino acids and vitamins. b. stored in the liver and skeletal muscles. c. supplied from adipose tissue breakdown. d. mainly obtained through food consumed.

b. stored in the liver and skeletal muscles.

It is recommended that we obtain 1,000 to 2,000 IU vitamin D per day. The best source of vitamin D is: a. from a variety of food sources alone. b. sun exposure of the face, arms, and hands. c. the combination of salmon, mackerel, tuna, and sardines. d. the combination of fortified milk, yogurt, and orange juice.

b. sun exposure of the face, arms, and hands.

More than 90 percent of the weight of fat in foods and more than 95 percent of the stored fat in the human body are in the form of: a. compound fats. b. triglycerides. c. hydrogenated fats. d. unsaturated fats.

b. triglycerides.

Fat intake provides _____ percent of total calories for an individual who on a given day consumes 2,385 calories with 106 grams of fat. a. 44 b. 17.7 c. 40 d. 31

c. 40

To stem the obesity epidemic, most Americans need to: a. switch to vegetarian diets. b. have an Okinawan diet. c. consume fewer calories. d. watch what they eat

c. consume fewer calories.

Osteoporosis can be caused by: a. adequate calcium intake. b. drinking alcohol moderately. c. excessive protein intake. d. regular physical activity.

c. excessive protein intake.

Most of the ATP supplied for a 200-meter run by a trained runner comes from the _____ system. a. aerobic b. ATP-CP c. lactic acid d. ATP

c. lactic acid

When increasing the intake of whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and milk, it is important to decrease the intake of _____ foods to balance caloric intake with energy needs effectively. a. low-calorie b. high-calorie c. low-nutrient d. high-nutrient

c. low-nutrient

Soluble fiber: a. binds water in the digestive tract. b. creates a bulkier stool. c. lowers blood cholesterol. d. improves the texture of food.

c. lowers blood cholesterol.

Which of the following groups of individuals may benefit from drinking moderate amounts of alcohol? a. women who may become pregnant b. women younger than 55 years old c. middle-aged and older adults d. men younger than 45 years old

c. middle-aged and older adults

The primary function of carbohydrates is to: a. serve as an important component of muscle. b. provide texture and flavor to foods. c. supply energy to body cells. d. promote chemical reactions within cells.

c. supply energy to body cells.

If your supplement contains calcium carbonate take: a. the supplement with an iron-rich meal. b. no less than 500 mg at a time. c. the supplement with meals all the time. d. the supplement without food.

c. the supplement with meals all the time.

Hydrogenation of fats: a. causes fats to be burned as energy faster. b. makes fats a healthier source of nutrients. c. transforms fats into trans fatty acids. d. causes fats to be excreted from the body faster.

c. transforms fats into trans fatty acids.

Essential nutrients include: a. meat and dairy products, grains, fruits, and vegetables. b. substrates, protein, calcium, iron, and multiple vitamins. c. water, whole grains, white meat, fruits, and vegetables. d. carbohydrates, fat, protein, vitamins, minerals, and water.

d. carbohydrates, fat, protein, vitamins, minerals, and water.

Athletes in strength training and body building need to: a. obtain at least 30 percent of total daily caloric intake from protein. b. take at least 10 capsules of amino acids four times per day for a month. c. have a prolonged loading phase of creatine supplementation. d. have a balanced diet with a large variety of nutrients from all food groups.

d. have a balanced diet with a large variety of nutrients from all food groups.

Probiotics have been found to: a. cause gastrointestinal infections and disorders. b. decrease the immune activity of their host. c. increase the risks for certain types of cancers. d. prevent disease-causing organisms from settling in.

d. prevent disease-causing organisms from settling in.

The higher the intake of animal protein: a. the more blood enzymes are produced to prevent precancerous cells from developing into tumors. b. the lower the intake of saturated fat and cholesterol, so the risk of cardiovascular diseases is decreased. c. the more protein is used by the body to build muscles, repair injured cells, and produce blood cells. d. the more protein is converted to glucose or fat by the body, or even excreted in the urine.

d. the more protein is converted to glucose or fat by the body, or even excreted in the urine.