Chapter 33 Nursing Process

What are the **7 Steps of Scientific Problem-Solving***

1. Identify the problem. 2. Gather information relative to the problem. 3. Formulate tentative solutions (hypotheses); choose preferred solution. 4. Plan action to test suggested solution. 5. Experiment and observe the results. 6. Interpret the results (draw conclusions); understand what the results mean. 7. Evaluate the solution, either concluding or revising the study to test the solution again if results are unsatisfactory. Scientific problem-solving requires both logical thought and imagination. When you use scientific problem-solving, you combine what you have learned from your own experience with facts previously proven through scientific study.

The nursing process has specific steps in which you work with the client to plan and to carry out effective nursing care:

1. Nursing Assessment: the systematic and continuous collection of data (see Fig. 33-2) 2. Nursing Diagnosis: the statement (or label) of the client's actual or potential problem 3. Planning: the development of goals for care and possible activities to meet them 4. Implementation: the giving of actual nursing care 5. Evaluation: the measurement of the effectiveness of nursing care

Characteristics of the Nursing Process Five steps of scientific problem solving -describe each of the following and how it is accomplished. Dynamic

Although it contains definite steps, these steps often overlap sometimes they all occur at once. Although it contains definite steps, these steps often overlap; ever-changing.

In your own words please describe the following: Compare your response to the book response. Concepts

An abstract or generic idea generalized from particular instances.

In your own words please describe the following: Compare your response to the book response. inquiry

An act of asking for information.

Which step from the scientific problem-solving method relates to planning? *

Analyze the client's responses Formulate tentative solutions Gather problem-related information Identify the problem Formulate tentative solutions

Is it important to have an open mind

As a critical thinker, you form your own beliefs or ideas rather than automatically accepting the thoughts or ideas of others. critical thinking: remembering facts, using logic, asking key questions, forming a mental image, and analyzing all information. You can make decisions that are logical, suitable for a particular client, and effective for solving a specific problem.

What is the most important part in gathering information if you have 10 clients?

Be organized Have a plan Prioritize

Why is The nursing process is continuous

Because the life and health of individuals change, reassessment of the client's needs is done frequently, sometimes hourly (or more frequently in critical care settings). the existing nursing process must be redesigned spontaneously to fit the most current and highest priority needs. The nurse must continually reassess, make new goals, implement new plans, insert new interventions, and re-evaluate the success of the overall process

How do Nurses provide care to clients by

Combining scientific problem-solving methods with critical thinking skills to provide care through the nursing process.

What is involved in the nursing care plan

Contemporary, clinical nursing units may use other terms in lieu of the nursing care plan, such as critical pathways, concept mapping, or clinical pathways, but the process of thinking through the nursing process remains basically unchanged whatever phrase is used. The care plan helps you manage your time more effectively as you provide care. The nursing process also enables you to determine if your nursing care helped the client.

What characteristics does critical thinking have?

Critical thinking has some characteristics that are important for solving problems in healthcare. When you think critically, you examine facts and compare these facts with information you already know, thereby being actively curious and critiquing ideas for reasonableness.

Why is critical thinking important? CMA concept mastery alert

Critical thinking helps the nurse grasp the importance of multiple clues in the client's situation. For example, a client is admitted to the healthcare facility with breathing difficulty. The nurse observes that the client has had a productive cough with thick, purulent sputum several times in the past hour. The nurse takes into account the presence of multiple clues, judges them to be of a serious nature, and decides to notify the physician.

What is important for nursing KP

Critical thinking is an important nursing strategy for problem-solving.

*Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving, Explain

Critical thinking methods that are important for solving problems in healthcare: Examine facts and compare these facts with information already available. Be actively curious and critique ideas for reasonableness. Form own beliefs or ideas rather than accepting the thoughts or ideas of others. Become an open-minded person, flexible to alternatives.

Explain the planning process

Development of goals for care and possible activities to meet them Identify priorities. Establish expected outcomes or goals. Anticipate nursing interventions. Prepare to document specific actions that will reach outcomes/goals by stating specific timeline for the plan.

Nursing Process-Please list the steps in the nursing process-what each one includes and what it means to you in your own words. Then describe each step and what actually needs to occur during that process. Evaluation

Evaluate the goals Analyze the clients responses to the problem Use critical thinking skills Determine success or need for change of goals and actions Identify factors that contributed to success or failure of the nursing care plans outcomes or goals Continue with nursing process in cyclic manner The measurement of the effectiveness of nursing care Analyze the client's responses to the problem, goals, and actions. Identify factors that contributed to success or failure of the NCP's outcomes or goals. Re-evaluate and reassess the client. Continue with nursing process in a cyclic manner. *Revise the plan of care if clients condition does not improve

1. A nurse is assigned to assess the condition of a client with hypertension. Which step of the nursing process should the nurse perform before she develops goals for care and possible activities to meet them?

Evaluation Planning Diagnosis Implementation Diagnosis

Is the following statement true or false? The nursing process happens in a perfect sequence.

False The nursing process is dynamic and ever-changing. Although it contains definite steps, these steps often overlap. Sometimes, they all occur at once.

Nursing Process-Please list the steps in the nursing process-what each one includes and what it means to you in your own words. Then describe each step and what actually needs to occur during that process. Planning

Formulate solutions Identify priorities Establish expected outcomes or goals Anticipate nursing interventions Set short term and long term goals to suit the needs of the clients Document specific actions for outcomes/goals

Nursing Process-Please list the steps in the nursing process-what each one includes and what it means to you in your own words. Then describe each step and what actually needs to occur during that process. Assesment

Gather information Identify priorities Collect data Update days when conditions change--

Why is The nursing process is goal-oriented.

Goals, objectives, or expected outcomes are established as an early part of the nursing process.

Characteristics of the Nursing Process Five steps of scientific problem solving -describe each of the following and how it is accomplished. Goal Oriented

Goals, objectives, or expected outcomes are established as an early part of the nursing process. Short-term goals: are measurable outcomes that can be achieved in hours, days, or weeks, depending on the individual problem. Long-term goals: take the short term goals into consideration, but also provide guidance for the days, weeks or months during and after the time a client is seen by a healthcare provider. Goal-oriented: Goals, objectives, or expected outcomes are established as an early part of the nursing process.

What is A primary goal of nursing

Helping individuals meet their basic and higher-level needs

Which of the following are advantages of adopting a nursing care plan? Select all that apply

Helps the nurse avert painful complication for the client Allows the nurse to develop critical thinking skills Allows the nurse to have a single care plan that applies to all clients Helps the nurse evaluate the nursing care provided Provides the nurse with beneficial results for related problems Helps the nurse avert painful complication for the client Allows the nurse to develop critical thinking skills Allows the nurse to have a single care plan that applies to all clients Helps the nurse evaluate the nursing care provided

Nursing Process-Please list the steps in the nursing process-what each one includes and what it means to you in your own words. Then describe each step and what actually needs to occur during that process. Diagnosis

Identify problem Recognize and label significant data Recognize patterns or clusters Identify strengths and problems Reach conclusion Validate observations Write diagnostics statements per NANDA

When caring for a client, the nurse analyzes the client's responses. This action of scientific problem solving is related to which step in the nursing process? *

Implementation Nursing diagnosis Evaluation Planning Evaluation

Why is critical thinking important in healthcare? Select all that apply *

It helps the nurse grasp the meaning of multiple clues. It helps the nurse examine and compare facts with available information It provides an experimental approach to help the nurse solve problems it helps the nurse find quick answers when facing difficult problems It helps the nurse test ideas to decide which methods work and which do not it helps the nurse find quick answers when facing difficult problems It helps the nurse grasp the meaning of multiple clues. It helps the nurse examine and compare facts with available information

What are some regulations for LVN/RN and why is it important? NA nursing alert

It is also important to understand that individual states and clinical facilities will provide regulations, rules, and guidelines that are unique for the LPN/LVN and the RN. Each State's Nursing Board may define the roles of LPN/LVNs and RNs differently, especially when discussing the initiation and utilization of the nursing process. You will need to know the Nurse Practice Act and the local regulations for your location and situation.

A client is brought to the community health center in an emergency. Using the nursing process, the nurse has to perform an intervention while evaluating its effect and at the same time assessing another factory and planning priorities of what to do next. This method of functioning indicated which aspect of the nursing process. *

Its dynamic nature Its continuous nature Its systematic nature Its experimental nature Its dynamic nature

A nurse who is caring for a particular client in a healthcare facility is leaving for the day. She is confident that the nurse on the next shift will not overlook any detail in the care of the client. Which factor makes the nurse so confident? *

Nurses rely on the healthcare provider when caring for the client Nurses seek advice from the team leader Nurses refer to the same care plan when providing care Nurses care for clients symptomatically Nurses refer to the same care plan when providing care

How do we help the clients to meet their goals

Nurses support and encourage individuals in their healthy habits and help clients solve health problems. They provide care to clients by combining scientific problem-solving methods with critical thinking skills to provide care through the nursing process. Nurses support and encourage individuals in their healthy habits and help clients solve health problems. They provide care to clients by combining scientific problem-solving methods with critical thinking skills to provide care through the nursing process. The doctor is part of the process as well and then the nursing team

As part of the care for a client in a healthcare facility, the nurse needs to obtain the client's medical history. This activity comprises which step in the nursing process? *

Nursing diagnosis Implementation Nursing assessment Evaluation Nursing assessment

When caring for a client with pneumonia, a nurse follows the nursing care plan; however, the client is not progressing according to the plan. Which is the most appropriate nursing intervention in this situation? *

Reassess, reevaluate, and revise the nursing care plan. Use the trial and error method with another plan Care for the client symptomatically without a care plan Experiment and observe the results Reassess, reevaluate, and revise the nursing care plan.

What is important about scientists? KP

Scientists have used scientific problem-solving for many years to systematize their research.

Explain Short term goals vs. Long term goals

Short-term goals are measurable outcomes that can be achieved in hours, days, or weeks, depending on the individual problem. Measurable outcomes that can be achieved in hours, days, or weeks, depending on the individual problem Long-term goals take the short-term goals into consideration, but also provide guidance for the days, weeks, or months during and after the time a client is seen by a health provider. Provide guidance for the days, weeks, or months during and after the time a client is seen by a healthcare provider

What are the steps in the nursing process KP

Steps in the nursing process include nursing assessment/data collection, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.

What are the characteristics of the nursing process

Systematic Client-oriented Goal oriented Continuous Dynamic Communication and Quality care

Nursing Process-Please list the steps in the nursing process-what each one includes and what it means to you in your own words. Then describe each step and what actually needs to occur during that process. Implementation

Test solutions Take actions that are necessary to achieve goals Adjust actions as conditions change Monitor and report results of Assessment, goals, and interventions The giving of actual nursing care Take actions that are necessary to achieve goals. Adjust actions as conditions change. Monitor and report results of assessment, goals, and interventions to other healthcare team members.

Who and what is involved in the nursing process? KC

The Nursing Process is a fundamentally unique problem-solving process that highlights the differences in roles between licensed personnel (RN and LPN/LVN) and nonlicensed personnel (CNA, NA, UAP). The nursing process not only includes the actions involved in tasks but also integrates critical thinking. In other words, unlicensed personnel are required to know how to take vital signs. In addition to how, the licensed nurse must also know why the vital signs are important and what the relationship is between the numbers obtained and the condition of the client.

Who else is involved in developing the nursing process KP

The client and the family are involved in developing the nursing care plan.

Why is The nursing process is client-oriented

The needs of the client are identified, not the needs of the nurse, family, or other healthcare providers. The client and, if appropriate, the family or significant others become the nurse's partner in determining the goals for care. as the nurse, focus on meeting individualized client needs, rather than on performing specific skills. nurse must know when to take vital signs, what the data reveal, and how this information is related to the client's needs. The nurse aide or UAP may know the skill of taking vital signs, but is not responsible for knowing why specific actions are done.

Characteristics of the Nursing Process Five steps of scientific problem solving -describe each of the following and how it is accomplished. Client-Oriented

The needs of the client are identified, not the needs of the nurse, family, or other healthcare providers; focus on meeting individualized client needs, rather than on performing specific skills. Client needs are identified. Focus on meeting individualized client needs, rather than on performing specific skills.

A nurse develops nursing care plans for two clients diagnosed with diabetes. One client has a medical history of hypertension. Which is the single most appropriate reason for the nurse to prepare two different nursing care plans? *

The nurse care plan is client-oriented The nursing care plan identifies potential problems The nursing care plan averts complications The nursing care plan is dynamic The nurse care plan is client-oriented

Why is The nursing process is systematic

The nurse follows specific, orderly, and logical steps based on the client's most important and often most vital needs, also known as prioritization or prioritizing. By following the logical progression of steps to identify the client's needs, the nurse can plan activities to meet them.

Does the nursing process identify problems, explain KP

The nursing process can be used to identify not only the client's actual problems, but also potential needs or problems.

Explain the importance of the nursing process KP

The nursing process is a framework of scientific problem-solving combined with critical thinking skills.

The Nursing Process, PD

The nursing process is a framework of scientific problem-solving combined with critical thinking skills. It directs the nurse and client as they together: Determine the need for nursing care Plan and implement the care Evaluate the results Nursing care plan (NCP) Guidelines derived on the basis of the nursing process to ensure consistency among nursing staff.

Nursing Process and Quality Care

The nursing process is an important tool for providing measurable and observable evidence indicating the effectiveness of nursing care given in any setting. Licensed nurses are responsible, or accountable, for their actions. Because all the nurses providing care for a client refer to the same care plan, consistency of care is ensured. If goals are not being met, a re-evaluation will indicate what further needs must be identified.

What does the nursing process provide KP

The nursing process provides individualized care that is accountable.

What is the Nursing Diagnosis

The statement (or label) of the client's actual or potential problem Recognize and label significant data. Recognize patterns or clusters. Identify strengths and problems. Reach conclusions. Validate observations. Write diagnostic statements.

Does the nursing process change KP

The steps of the nursing process, that is, the nursing care plan, may overlap, change, repeat, or need total revision due to potential needs becoming actual problems . These steps can even in some cases happen simultaneously.

What is the **Nursing Assessment

The systematic and continuous collection of data Identify priorities Collect data (baseline vitals) Update database

How do you take care of potential problems?

You can develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills by working through the nursing process framework repeatedly as you learn to identify and treat client needs. every time you carry through with your plan, you are carrying out the work of nursing.

In your own words please describe the following: Compare your response to the book response. Logic

a science that deals with the principles and criteria of validity of inference and demonstration.

2. The charge nurse requests that the nurse provide oral hygiene every 2 hours for a client with a nasogastric tube. What part of the nursing care plan is being carried out?

a. Assessment b. Planning c. Implementation d. Evaluation c. Implementation

3. A client is being treated for an infected sacral pressure wounds. The nurse has performed prescribed wound care twice a day for 5 days. What part of the nursing process should be performed next?

a. Development of the nursing diagnosis b. Development of goals c. Implementation of nursing care d. Evaluation of the care provided d. Evaluation of the care provided

Which step of the nursing process allows the nurse to identify priorities and collect data?

a. Nursing assessment b. Nursing diagnosis c. Planning d. Implementation e. Evaluation a. Nursing assessment

5. The nurse is caring for a client who has been involved in a motor vehicle crash. Which of the following symptoms displayed by the client is the highest priority for the nurse?

a. The client is having difficulty breathing. b. The client is bleeding from a laceration on the leg. c. The client states "I have pain in the lower back." d. The client states "I voided on the stretcher." a. The client is having difficulty breathing.

In which situation should the nurse identify that the nursing care plan should be revised?

a. The client is losing weight and only eating small amounts of food. b. The wound care provided by the nurse is demonstrating healing of the wound. c. The client's urine in a catheter bag is clear yellow. d. The client's blood pressure has increased from 90/60 to 120/72 mm Hg. a. The client is losing weight and only eating small amounts of food.

4. The nurse is assisting the nursing team in developing a plan of care for a client in the long-term care facility. After data collection, what step of the nursing process should then be initiated?

a. The development of a nursing diagnosis b. The development of goals for care c. Implementation of care for the client d. Ensuring that the care was effective a. The development of a nursing diagnosis

Explain, Potential needs or potential problems

are those problems that might be prevented or problems that the client is at risk for developing. Prevention of problems, complications, or impediments to care requires excellent nursing observations and interventions. Biological hurdles caused by a disease process or by hindrances to healing are common.

Characteristics of the Nursing Process Five steps of scientific problem solving -describe each of the following and how it is accomplished. Nursing Process and Quality Care:

as the method or tool of disseminating measurable and observable evidence, the nursing process indicates the effectiveness, or quality of nursing care. A quality care plan also may suggest that the features interventions, or goals of the original plan need changes.

Characteristics of the Nursing Process Five steps of scientific problem solving -describe each of the following and how it is accomplished. Continuous

because the life and health of individuals change, reassessment of the clients' needs is done and frequently sometimes hourly( or more frequently in critical care settings). Because life and health of individuals change, reassessment of the client's needs is done frequently. The existing nursing process must be redesigned spontaneously to fit the most current and highest priority needs.

Explain the nursing process?

combine critical thinking skills with a scientific problem-solving method to identify client problems and to provide care in a structured, purposeful, and effective way. This framework for thinking and acting is called the nursing process. The nursing process is a special way of thinking about how to care for clients. The nursing process is also described as a systematic method that directs the nurse and client as they together (1) determine the need for nursing care, (2) plan and implement the care, and (3) evaluate the results. The nursing process is the method you use to identify and to treat client care problems.

What is critical thinking?

complicated mix of inquiry, knowledge, intuition, logic, experience, and common sense Critical thinking is neither trial and error nor a structured scientific problem-solving system. It is a complicated mix of inquiry, knowledge, intuition, logic, experience, and common sense. It enables you to grasp the meaning of multiple clues and to find quick answers when facing difficult problems. It is an important nursing strategy for problem-solving.

In your own words please describe the following: Compare your response to the book response. Knowledge

facts, information and skills acquired by a person through experience or education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject.

What is Trial and error problem-solving

is an experimental approach that tests ideas to decide which methods work and which do not. trial and error is used when unexpected results occur that could possibly have beneficial outcomes for another problem. Researchers develop strict guidelines to protect the safety and well-being of individuals and proceed with trial and error experimentation only with the permission and understanding of the individual involved.

In your own words please describe the following: Compare your response to the book response. Trail and Error

is an experimental test with methods to see if it works or not. When using trial and error it must be used carefully when working with people because of the risks; is an experimental approach that tests ideas to decide which method will work or not. An experimental approach Experimenter does not have sufficient information to anticipate results.

In your own words please describe the following: Compare your response to the book response. Problem -Solving

is identifying a problem or taking steps to resolve it Not all problem solving is common sense, sometimes it's challenging and needs other methods of problem solving; is the basic skill of identifying a problem and taking steps to resolve it. The basic skill of identifying a problem and taking steps to resolve it

In your own words please describe the following: Compare your response to the book response. Common Sense

is sound practical judgement concerning everyday matters, or a basic ability to perceive, understand and judge that is shared.

What is problem solving?

is the basic skill of identifying a problem and taking steps to resolve it. need to know scientific process Common sense is helpful in solving many problems.

Why is The nursing process is a method of communication.

method or tool for disseminating measurable and observable evidence, the nursing process indicates the effectiveness, or quality, of nursing care. The quality of care can be documented as a goal that is completed, as written in the original care plan, or as a new goal, that is rewritten as a result of evaluation of the goals. The evaluation component of the care plan should be the source of the communication of the success of a goal or the need for a new goal. A quality care plan also may suggest that the features, interventions, or goals of the original plan need changes.

In your own words please describe the following: Compare your response to the book response. Critical thinking

mix of inquiry, knowledge, intuition, logic, experience and common sense; critical thinking is neither trial and error nor scientific problem solving.

In your own words please describe the following: Compare your response to the book response. Scientific Problem-Solving

requires both logical thought and imagination, seven steps of problem solving. Identify the problem Gather information Hypothesis Plan action to test Experiment and observe Conclusion Evaluate the solution

In your own words please describe the following: Compare your response to the book response. Intuition

the ability to understand something immediately, without the need for conscious reasoning.

In your own words please describe the following: Compare your response to the book response. Experience

the fact or state of having been affected by or gained knowledge through direct observation or participation

Characteristics of the Nursing Process Five steps of scientific problem solving -describe each of the following and how it is accomplished. **Systematic**

the nurse follows specific, orderly, and logical steps based on the clients most impetus to and offered most vital needs, also known as prioritization or prioritizing. The nurse follows specific, orderly, and logical steps based on the client's most important and often most vital needs; prioritization or prioritizing.

Why is The nursing process is dynamic and ever-changing.

these steps often overlap. Sometimes they all occur at once. you develop nursing care plans, you gain comprehension of these characteristics of the nursing process. Nursing care plans often reflect your growth in comprehension of the client's needs.

what the relationship is between the numbers obtained and the condition of the client. Why is this important

what the relationship is between the numbers obtained and the condition of the client. To obtain critical thinking+

The nursing process is scientific, systematic, client-oriented, goal-oriented, continuous, and dynamic. The nursing process consists of the following steps: the following steps: KC

• Nursing assessment • Nursing diagnosis • Planning • Implementation • Evaluation The steps may overlap, change, repeat themselves, or happen all at once. IN