Chapter 36 Biology Review Questions

5. When you peel your potatoes for dinner, you are removing the majority of their a. dermal tissue. b. vascular tissue. c. ground tissue. d. Both a and b are correct. e. All of the choices are correct.

dermal tissue. and vascular tissue

4. Many vegetables are grown today through hydroponics, in which the plant roots exist primarily in an aqueous solution. Which of the following root structures is no longer beneficial in hydroponics? a. Epidermis b. Xylem c. Root cap d. Bark

Root cap

11. Which of the following plant cell type is mismatched to its function? a. Xylem—conducts mineral nutrients b. Phloem—serves as part of the bark c. Trichomes—reduces evaporation d. Collenchyma—performs photosynthesis

Collenchyma—performs photosynthesis

3. If you were to relocate the pericycle of a plant root to the epidermal layer, how would it affect root growth? a. Secondary growth in the mature region of the root would not occur. b. The root apical meristem would produce vascular tissue in place of dermal tissue. c. Nothing would change because the pericycle is normally located near the epidermal layer of the root. d. Lateral roots would grow from the outer region of the root and fail to connect with the vascular tissue.

Lateral roots would grow from the outer region of the root and fail to connect with the vascular tissue.

5. Which statement about meristem cells is incorrect? a. One daughter cell of a dividing meristem cell remains meristematic and the other differentiates. b. Meristem cells have secondary cell walls for protection. c. Leaf primordia protect shoot apical meristems. d. Root apical meristems are protected by root caps.

Meristem cells have secondary cell walls for protection.

10. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the stems of vascular plants? a. Stems are composed of repeating segments, including nodes and internodes. b. Primary growth only occurs at the shoot apical meristem. c. Vascular tissues may be arranged on the outside of the stem or scattered throughout the stem. d. Stems can contain stomata.

Primary growth only occurs at the shoot apical meristem.

7. The function of guard cells is to a. allow carbon dioxide uptake. b. repel insects and other herbivores. c. support leaf tissue. d. allow water uptake

allow carbon dioxide uptake.

7. Root hairs and lateral roots are similar in each respect except a. both increase the absorptive surface area of the root system. b. both are generally long-lived. c. both are multicellular. d. Both b and c are correct.

both are multicellular.

1. Which cells lack living protoplasts at maturity? a. Parenchyma b. Companion c. Collenchyma d. Sclerenchyma

d. Sclerenchyma

3. Root hairs form in the zone of a. cell division. . b. elongation. c. maturation d. More than one of the choices are correct.

maturation

4. Roots differ from stems because roots lack a. vessel elements. b. nodes. c. an epidermis. d. ground tissue.

nodes

6. You can determine the age of an oak tree by counting the annual rings of _______________ formed by the ____________. a. primary xylem; apical meristem b. secondary phloem; vascular cambium c. dermal tissue; cork cambium d. secondary xylem; vascular cambium

secondary xylem; vascular cambium

9. Which is the correct sequence of cell types encountered in an oak tree, moving from the center of the tree out? a. Pith, secondary xylem, primary xylem, vascular cambium, primary phloem, secondary phloem, cork cambium, cork b. Pith, primary xylem, secondary xylem, vascular cambium, secondary phloem, primary phloem, cork cambium, cork c. Pith, primary xylem, secondary xylem, vascular cambium, secondary phloem, primary phloem, cork, cork cambium d. Pith, primary phloem, secondary phloem, vascular cambium, secondary xylem, primary xylem, cork cambium, cork

Pith, primary xylem, secondary xylem, vascular cambium, secondary phloem, primary phloem, cork cambium, cork

8. Plant organs form by a. cell division in meristematic tissue. b. cell migration into the appropriate position in the tissue. c. eliminating chromosomes in the precursor cells. d. Both a and b are correct.

cell division in meristematic tissue.

8. Palisade and spongy parenchyma are typically found in the mesophyll of a. monocots. b. eudicots. c. monocots and eudicots. d. neither monocots nor eudicots.

eudicots.

2. A unique feature of plants is indeterminate growth. Indeterminate growth is possible because a. meristematic regions for primary growth occur throughout the entire plant body. b. all cell types in a plant often give rise to meristematic tissue. c. meristematic cells continually replace themselves. d. all cells in a plant continue to divide indefinitely.

meristematic cells continually replace themselves.

6. Unlike eudicot stems, monocot stems lack a. vascular bundles. b. parenchyma. c. pith. d. epidermis.

pith

9. In vascular plants, one difference between root and shoot systems is that a. root systems cannot undergo secondary growth. b. root systems undergo secondary growth, but do not form bark. c. root systems contain pronounced zones of cell elongation, whereas shoot systems do not. d. root systems can store food reserves, whereas stem structures do not.

root systems undergo secondary growth, but do not form bark.

2. The food-conducting cells in an oak tree are called a. tracheids. b. vessels. c. companion cells. d. sieve-tube members.

sieve-tube members.

Fifteen years ago, your parents hung a swing from the lower branch of a large tree growing in your yard. When you go and sit in it today, you realize it is exactly the same height off the ground as it was when you first sat in it 15 years ago. The reason the swing is not higher off the ground as the tree has grown is that a. the tree trunk lacks secondary growth. b. the tree trunk is part of the primary growth system of the plant, but elongation is no longer occurring in that part of the tree. c. trees lack apical meristems and so do not get taller. d. you are hallucinating, because it is impossible for the swing not to have been raised off the ground as the tree grew.

the tree trunk is part of the primary growth system of the plant, but elongation is no longer occurring in that part of the tree.

10. You've just bought a house with a great view of the mountains, but you have a neighbor who planted a bunch of trees that are now blocking your view. In an attempt to ultimately remove the trees and remain unlinked to the deed, you begin training several porcupines to enter the yard under the cover of night and perform a stealth operation. In order to most effectively kill the trees, you should train the porcupines to completely remove a. the vascular cambium. b. the cork. c. the cork cambium. d. the primary phloem.

the vascular cambium.