Chapter 37: Nursing Management: Patients With Immunodeficiency, HIV Infection, and AIDS

A child has just been diagnosed with a primary immune deficiency. The parents state, "Oh, no. Our child has AIDS." Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"Although AID's is an immune deficiency, our child's condition is different from AIDS."

A client with AIDS has become forgetful with a limited attention span, decreased ability to concentrate, and delusional thinking. What condition is represented by these symptoms?

AIDS dementia complex (ADC)

The nurse is working with a parent whose child has just been diagnosed with selective immunoglobulin A deficiency. The parent asks the nurse, "Does this mean that my child is going to die?" How should the nurse respond?

Your child has a mild genetic immune deficiency caused by a lack of immunoglobulin A, a type of antibody that protects against infection of the lining the mouth and digestive tract.

An immunocompromised patient with a diagnosis of AIDS has just been admitted to the medical unit with abdominal pain. The patient's health care provider has ordered an abdominal radiograph. How should the nurse best facilitate the test? A. Arrange for a portable X-ray machine to be used. B. Have a patient wear a mask to the X-ray department. C. Have the X-ray department disinfected prior to the patient arriving. D. Send the patient to the X-ray department, and have the staff in the department don masks.

A. Arranage for a portable X-ray machine to be used.

What treatment option does the nurse anticipate for the patient with severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)? A. Bone marrow transplantation B. Antibiotics C. Radiation therapy D. Removal of the thymus gland

A. Bone marrow transplantation.

A nurse is preparing an in-service presentation about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) for a group of new graduate nurses, including the steps in the process of HIV entering the host cell. What would the nurse describe as the first step?

Attachment

The nurse teaches the client that reducing the viral load will have what effect? A. Shorter time to AIDS diagnosis B. Longer survival C. Shorter survival D. Longer immunity

B. Longer survival

A client suspected of having human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has blood drawn for a screening test. What is the first test generally run to see if a client is, indeed, HIV positive? A. Western Blot B. Schick C. Enzyme-linked immunosobent assay (ELISA) D. Complete blood count (CBC)

C. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

A nurse on a medical unit is caring for a patient who has experienced a recent exacerbation of HIV. The nurse is being vigilant in assessments and preventative measures related to the common complication of HIV infection. What assessment addresses the most common opportunistic infection related to HIV? A. Palpating the patient's pedal pulses and monitoring for peripheral edema. B. Inspecting the patient's skin and monitoring for signs of skin breakdown. C. Gauging the patient's orientation, insight, and judgement on a daily basis. D. Auscultating the patient's lungs and monitoring oxygen saturation and respiratory rate.

D. Auscultating the patient's lungs and monitoring oxygen saturation and respiratory rate.

What does the nurse understand will result if the patient has a deficiency in the normal level of complement.?

Increased susceptibility to infection.

A client in a late stage of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) shows signs of AIDS-related dementia. Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority?

Risk for injury