Chapter 38

Common duties and responsibilities of EMS personnel at the scene of a motor vehicle crash include all of the following, EXCEPT:

keeping bystanders at a safe distance.

_____________ is defined as the ability to reach the patient. A) Access B) Rescue C) Extrication D) Disentanglement

A) Access

The rescue team is in the process of extricating a 40 year old male from his truck, the patients wife who was uninjured in the crash, is calmly observing the extrication and asks you if her husband will be all right. You should A) Ensure that she is in a safe arear, away from the scene B) Allow her to observe the extrication and keep her calm C) Ask her follow up questions about details of the crash D) Allow her to talk to her husband during the extrication

A) Ensure that she is in a safe arear, away from the scene

A hiker was injured when he fell approximately 20 feet from a cliff. When you arrive at the scene, a member of the technical rescue group escorts you to the patient, who is positioned on a steep incline. The MOST appropriate method of immobilizing and moving the patient to the ambulance is to: A) Immobilize his spine with a long backboard and place him in a basket stretcher B) Immobilize him to a long backboard and use the four person carry to move him C) apply a vest style immobilization device and move him using a stair chair device D) Immobilize him with a short backboard and place him on the ambulance stretcher

A) Immobilize his spine with a long backboard and place him in a basket stretcher

A 50-year-old female is entrapped in her passenger car after it struck a tree. As the rescue team is preparing to extricate her, you quickly assess her and determine that she is breathing shallowly and that her radial pulse is absent. You should: A) Maintain spinal stabilization as she is extricated B) Secure her with a short backboard or vet device C) Stabilize her condition before extrication begins D) Begin CPR as the rescue team begins extrication

A) Maintain spinal stabilization as she is extricated

Disentanglement involves: A) Removing a patient from a dangerous position B) The use of simple access tools such as a pry bar C) extrication techniques that EMTs are trained in D) Gaining access to a patient in a crashed vehicle

A) Removing a patient from a dangerous position

The use of special tools to remove an entrapped patient from a vehicle is known as _________. A) complex access B) simple access C) vehicle stabilization D) incident management

A) complex access

Common duties and responsibilities of EMS personnel at the scene of a motor vehicle crash include all of the following, EXCEPT: A) keeping bystanders at a safe distance. B) assigning all patients a triage category. C) preparing all patients for transportation. D) continual assessment of critical patients.

A) keeping bystanders at a safe distance.

Upon arrival at an accident scene, the EMT should _________. A) leave emergency lights running B) turn off the ambulance C) turn off emergency lights D) park at least 300' from the accident scene

A) leave emergency lights running

Upon arrival at a search-and-rescue incident, the EMS crew should _________. A) prepare the equipment to carry to the patient B) begin searching for the patient C) split up and request a search grid D) provide the incident commander with the crew's names and certification level

A) prepare the equipment to carry to the patient

At a scene with downed electrical lines, the EMT should _________. A) remain outside the hot zone B) enter the hot zone for patient removal only C) stabilize the patient in the hot zone D) relocate the hot zone away from the patient

A) remain outside the hot zone

Which of the following is the Best example of gaining simple access to a patient? A) Using a pry bar to open a damaged door B) Entering a vehicle through an open window C) Breaking glass to gain access to the patient D) Removing the roof to access a critical patient

B) Entering a vehicle through an open window

Which of the following statements regarding trench rescue is correct? A) Rescue vehicles should park at least 250′ from the scene. B) Ground vibration is a primary cause of secondary collapse. C) A trench deeper than 10′ should be shored prior to entry. D) Most deaths involving cave-ins are caused by head injury.

B) Ground vibration is a primary cause of secondary collapse.

You and your partner are standing by at the scene of a residential fire when you hear the incident commander state, "We have located a victim" over the radio you should: A) Notify the hospital that you will be transporting a burn patient to their facility B) Remain with the ambulance and wait for fire personnel to bring the victim to you C) Immediately locate the incident commander and ask where the victim is located D) Locate the victim and provide initial care while your partner stays with the ambulance

B) Remain with the ambulance and wait for fire personnel to bring the victim to you

You are attempting to gain access to a patient who was injured when his truck struck another vehicle from behind. The patient is conscious and alert, but is screaming in pain. You try to open the door, but it is locked. You should: A) break the window and unlock the door. B) ask the patient if he can unlock the door. C) request the rescue team to extricate him. D) use a pry bar to attempt to open the door.

B) ask the patient if he can unlock the door.

If a technical rescue team is required at the scene, but is not present when you arrive, you should: A) don personal protective equipment and begin the rescue process. B) check with the incident commander to ensure that the team is en route. C) remain with your ambulance until the rescue team arrives at the scene. D) have fire personnel initiate the rescue process if they are at the scene.

B) check with the incident commander to ensure that the team is en route.

A 33-year-old restrained driver of a motor vehicle crash is awake and alert, complaining only of neck pain. The vehicle is stable and no hazards are present. When removing this patient from his vehicle, you should: A) use the rapid extrication technique. B) immobilize him with a vest-style device. C) maintain slight traction to his neck area. D) adequately secure him to a long backboard.

B) immobilize him with a vest-style device.

Upon arrival at a trench rescue operation, you should _________. A) park as close to the incident as possible B) park at least 500' from the incident C) assist with the rescue operation D) determine if rescuers are operating safely

B) park at least 500' from the incident

In order to evaluate hazards present at the scene and determine the number of patients, you should: A) request the fire department at all scenes. B) perform a 360° walk-around of the scene. C) use the information provided by dispatch. D) interview bystanders present at the scene.

B) perform a 360° walk-around of the scene.

Once entrance and access to the patient have been provided, you should: A) allow extrication to commence. B) perform a primary assessment. C) administer high-flow oxygen. D) begin treating his or her injuries

B) perform a primary assessment.

Upon arriving at the scene of a law enforcement tactical situation, you should ensure your own safety and then: A) begin immediate triage of any injured personnel. B) report to the incident commander for instructions. C) locate all injured personnel and begin treatment. D) apprise medical control of the tactical situation.

B) report to the incident commander for instructions.

Situational awareness is MOST accurately defined as: A) an ongoing process of information gathering and scene evaluation to determine appropriate strategies and tactics. B) the ability to recognize any possible issues once you arrive at the scene and act proactively to avoid a negative impact. C) predicting the presence of certain hazards at the scene after receiving initial information from the dispatcher. D) performing an initial scan of the scene in order to identify hazards that will pose an immediate threat to you and your crew.

B) the ability to recognize any possible issues once you arrive at the scene and act proactively to avoid a negative impact.

When functioning at the scene of a motor vehicle crash in which a patient will require complex extrication, you should enter the vehicle and provide care to the patient: A) Only if the patient has experienced a major injury B) After rescue personnel have cut the battery cables C) After receiving approval from the incident commander D) Only after you believe the vehicle has been stabilized

C) After receiving approval from the incident commander

When determining the exact location and position of the patients in a wrecked vehicle, you and your team should routinely consider all of the following, Except: A) The position of the crashed vehicle B) Hazards that pose a risk to rescuers C) The make and model of the vehicle D) The possibility of vehicle instability

C) The make and model of the vehicle

The reasons for rescue failure can be recalled by the mnemonic FAILURE. According to this mnemonic, the "U" stands for: A) Underutilizing personnel at the scene B) Unprepared to effectively manage the scene C) Underestimating the logistics of the incident D) Undertrained to correctly utilize equipment

C) Underestimating the logistics of the incident

When removing a critically injured patient from his or her vehicle, you should: A) remove him or her using a short backboard. B) move him or her in one fast, continuous step. C) protect the cervical spine during the entire process. D) release c-spine control to facilitate rapid removal.

C) protect the cervical spine during the entire process.

Returning the emergency unit to service is part of the _________. A) transfer phase B) hazard-control phase C) termination phase D) support phase

C) termination phase

Which of the following statements regarding the rapid extrication technique is correct? A) The only indication for performing a rapid extrication is if the patient is not entrapped and is in cardiac arrest. B) Rapid extrication involves the use of heavy equipment to disentangle a patient from his or her crashed vehicle. C) It involves rapidly removing a patient from his or her vehicle after immobilizing him or her with a short backboard. D) The rapid extrication technique is indicated if the scene is unsafe and the patient is not entrapped in his or her vehicle.

D) The rapid extrication technique is indicated if the scene is unsafe and the patient is not entrapped in his or her vehicle.

Your unit has been dispatched to stand by at the scene of a structure fire. There are no injuries of which you are aware. Upon arriving at the scene, you should: A) contact medical control and apprise him or her of the situation. B) park your ambulance behind the incident commander's vehicle. C) set up a staging area where fire fighters can be treated if necessary. D) ask the incident commander where the ambulance should be staged.

D) ask the incident commander where the ambulance should be staged.

You arrive at an accident scene to find an alternative-fuel vehicle leaking an unknown substance. You should immediately _________. A) search the vehicle for occupants B) disconnect the car battery C) apply retardant to the leaking fuel D) call for additional resources and keep bystanders away from the vehicle

D) call for additional resources and keep bystanders away from the vehicle

19-year-old female has just been extricated from her severely damaged car. She is on a long backboard and has been moved to a place of safety. As your partner maintains manual stabilization of her head, you perform a rapid assessment. The patient is unconscious, has slow and shallow respirations, and has bilaterally closed femur deformities. You should: A) stabilize her legs with the pneumatic antishock garment (PASG). B) apply 100% oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. C) obtain baseline vital signs and transport at once. D) direct your partner to begin ventilatory assistance.

D) direct your partner to begin ventilatory assistance.

While staged at the scene of a structure fire, the EMT should _________. A) locate the safety officer B) stay with the incident commander C) assess firefighters for signs of fatigue D) remain with the ambulance

D) remain with the ambulance

The EMT's responsibility during search-and-rescue operations is to _________. A) assist in the search on foot B) direct other incoming EMS units C) assume medical command D) stage until the patient is located

D) stage until the patient is located

The EMT's role at the scene of a search and rescue attempt is to: A) accompany search team members and provide care. B) reassure the family members of the missing person. C) report to a location where the patient will be carried. D) stand by at the command post until the person is located.

D) stand by at the command post until the person is located.

Your primary concern when arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash is: A) gaining access to the patient(s). B) requesting additional resources. C) immediately beginning triage. D) surveying the area for hazards.

D) surveying the area for hazards.

Which of the following is a typical function of the rescue team?

Providing safe entry and access to patients

Your unit has been dispatched to stand by at the scene of a structure fire. There are no injuries of which you are aware. Upon arriving at the scene, you should:

ask the incident commander where the ambulance should be staged.

You are standing by at the scene of a hostage situation when the incident commander advises you that one of his personnel has been shot. The patient is lying supine in an open area and is not moving. As the SWAT team escorts you to the patient, you should:

grab him by the clothes and immediately move him to safety.

In contrast to simple access, complex access:

involves forcible entry into a vehicle.

The scene size-up at a motor vehicle crash or other incident:

is an ongoing process until the incident is terminated.

In order to evaluate hazards present at the scene and determine the number of patients, you should:

perform a 360° walkaround of the scene.

Once entrance and access to the patient have been provided, you should:

perform a primary assessment.

Extrication is MOST accurately defined as:

removal form a dangerous situation or position

Upon arriving at the scene of a law enforcement tactical situation, you should ensure your own safety and then:

report to the incident commander for instructions.

The EMT's role at the scene of a search and rescue attempt is to:

stand by at the command post until the person is located.

A unique consideration when dealing with a hybrid vehicle is that:

the battery has higher voltage than a traditional vehicle battery.