Chapter 4 AP Psych

Which of the following statements might help you determine if an individual has narcolepsy?

"I sometimes suddenly fall asleep in the middle of a conversation"

Approximately _____ percent of the population experiences at least some incidents of sleepwalking.

20

A carcadian cycle is about _____ hours long.

24

Which of the following individuals is most likely to sleepwalk?

A 10-year old boy

According to this theory, sleep is a product of evolution.

Adaptive theory

What do we call a state of consciousness that can result from the use of alcohol, drugs, or hypnosis?

Altered state of consciousness

Daydreaming, meditation, intoxication, sleep, and hypnosis are all types of:

Altered states of consciousness

Mental activities that differ noticeably from normal waking consciousness are known as:

Altered states of consciousness

People in stage 4 (N4) sleep:

Are hard to wake up

Which of the following statement accurately reflects the relationship of the total amount of sleep that individual receives as a function of age?

As we age, we tend to get less sleep

Consciousness is the:

Awareness of ourselves and the environment

You are watching sleep researchers...=

Beta is eventually replaced by alpha

The best adjectives associated with the activation-synthesis hypothesis are:

Bizarre, meaningless, and random

Which of these indiciduals has the highest risk of sleep apnea?

Burt, 62 years old, who is overweight

A biological cycle, or rhythm, that is approximately 24 hours long is called a _________ cycle.

Circadian

Our sleep-wake cycle follows a(n) ______ cycle.

Circadian

Which of the following is NOT an altered state of consciousness?

Concectration

Our awareness of various mental processes, such as making decisions, daydreaming, reflecting, and concentrating is called:

Consciousness

What term do psychologists use to designate our personal awareness of feelings, sensations, and thoughts?

Consciousness

CPAP stands for:

Continuous positive airway pressure

Stage 4 sleeps is marked by _____ waves.

Delta

Your brain waves are being monitored in a sleep laboratory. If you are in deep sleep less than an hour after falling asleep, what brain waves will be detected?

Delta

This early researcher did a study that seemed to suggest that people deprived from REM sleep would become paranoid, seemingly mentally ill, from lack of this one stage of sleep.

Dement

Which of the following can be an emotional symptom of sleep deprivation?

Depression

Miguel will likely experience REM rebound tonight if he:

Did not sleep much last night.

Hiromi is having insomnia...=

Don't do anything but sleep in your bed

The activation-synthesis hypothesis of dreaming states that:

Dreams are merely another kind of thinking; dreams occur because of random brain stem signals

What's device would a sleep researcher use to monitor a sleeping person's brain waves?

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

The activation-info-mode model suggests:

Events that occur during waking hours may influence dreams

Calvin Hall found that most dreams are about:

Everyday life

What would you expect to see on the EEG record of a person who is engaged in an episode of sleepwalking?

Evidence of deep sleep (stages 3 or 4)

REM behavior disorder results from:

Failure of the brain mechanisms to block brain signals to muscles

Sigmund Freud would agree with all of the following EXCEPT:

Freud never really believed dreams represented the unconscious

Sleep research supports several helpful hints to avoid insomnia. Which of the following statements is one of them?

Go to bed at about the same time every night

The restorative theory views sleep as:

Helping the body repair the wear and tear of the day's events

Melatonin is a:

Hormone

All of the following results to sleep every deprivation EXCEPT:

Hyper alertness

Upon just waking up, you report a vivid visual event. What term do psychologists use for such phenomena?

Hypnagogic images of hallucinations

The sleep-wake cycle is ultimately controlled by the part of the brain called the:

Hypothalamus

Where is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) located?

Hypothalamus

REM behavior disorder most commonly occurs:

In men over 60.

A sleep disorder characterized by difficultly in falling asleep or remaining asleep throughout the night is:

Insomnia

If you have been waking up too early for several weeks, you are probably suffering from:

Insomnia

To treat your sleep problem...=

Insomnia

The difference between insomnia and apnea is that:

Insomnia is characterized be sleeplessness, whereas apnea is characterized by breathing difficulties

Melatonin is to ________ as aspirin is to ________.

Insomnia; a headache.

A client tells his therapist.. The client to "terminate" his boss...=

Latent

What two categories of dreams content did Sigmund Freud describe?

Latent and manifest

A client tells his therapist...=

Latent content

A newspaper advertisement...=

Latent content

According to Sigmund Freud, the important underlying meaning of our dreams is found the the

Latent content

According to Freud, the visible, or directly observable, content of a dream is its ________ content.

Manifest

A client tells his therapist... The content of this dream...=

Manifest content

Interpretation of the ________ content of a dream is expected to reveal the ________ content.

Manifest; latent

_____, a hormone involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms, is secreted by the pineal gland.

Melatonin

Sid is taking part in... =

Micro sleeps are occurring due to the sleep deprivation and he is asleep for a brief periods of time

Which statement is correct concerning how much sleep you will need?

Most young adults need between seven and nine hours of sleep

Which of the following conditions would you least like the pilot flying your planes to have?

Narcolepsy

You are telling a joke...=

Narcolepsy

Your friend had experienced excessive daytime sleepiness...=

Narcolepsy

Which of the following is TRUE?

Night terrors are a rare disorder

What term do you sleep researchers use to designate stages 1-4 of sleep?

Non-REM sleep

Manifest content is to latent content as:

Obvious is to symbolic

The activation-synthesis hypothesis resulted from using:

PET scans

Which of the following is CORRECT concerning REM deprivation?

REM deprivation leads to increased amounts of REM sleep on subsequent nights of sleep

Each of the following is a sleep disorder EXCEPT:

REM rebound

Narcolepsy occurs when:

REM sleep intrudes into wakefulness

If the EEG record reveals evidence of very small and very fast waves, you are likely to conclude the sleeping person is:

Really not sleeping and is awake

According to theory, sleep is necessary for the growth and repair of the body.

Restorative theory

What used to be called "the gentle tyrant"?

Sleep

A sleep disorder that may require the use of a machine to force air gently into the nasal passages is called:

Sleep apnea

Geraldo is 56...=

Sleep apnea

If your physician says you need a treatments called a CPAP machine, you are suffering from:

Sleep apnea

You find it hard to sleep due to your roommate's...=

Sleep apnea

___________ is a disorder in which breathing briefly stops during sleep, causing the person to choke, gasp, and momentarily awaken.

Sleep apnea

REM sleep refers to:

Sleep periods in which a person's eyes move rapidly

Short, rhythmic bursts of brainwave activity that appears during stage two sleep are called:

Sleep spindles

The hypothalamus controls the:

Sleep-wake cycle

Sleep research supports several helpful hints which statement is NOT accurate?

Sleeping pills help cure insomnia

If you are awakened from sleep and you feel as though you had not even been asleep, then you were most likely in which stage of sleep?

Stage 1 (N1)

If the EEG record reveals evidence of sleep spindles, you are likely to conclude that person is in which state of sleep?

Stage 2 (N2)

Sleep spindles appear during _______ sleep.

Stage 2 (N2)

The stage of sleep in which delta waves begin to appear is ________ sleep.

Stage 3 (N3)

The deepest stage of sleep is _______ sleep.

Stage 4 (N4)

Which of the following stages of sleep is marked by the production of very slow delta waves?

Stage 4 (N4)

Freud believes that dreams:

Stem from unconscious conflicts, memories, and desires

Circadian rhythms are controlled by the:

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

SCN stands for:

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

How does the activation-synthesis hypothesis explain dreaming?

The cortex making sense of signals from the brain stem

Judith is startled...=

The fourth stage of the sleep cycle.

A student nurse...=

The patient has a potentially life-threatening condition in which air does not flow into or out of his nose or mouth for periods of time while he is asleep

According to the activation-synthesis hypothesis theory of dreaming, the source of a dream neuronal firing in:

The pons

Which of the following statements is correct?

There have been cases in which sleepwalking was a successful murder defense

What aspect of circadian rhythms might explain why we tend to feel so tired at night?

There is an organ in the brain sensitive to light changes, which then affects our sleepiness.

Sleep research supports 3 "helpful hints" to avoid insomnia which of the following statements is NOT a helpful hint?

Try to nap as much as possible

Surgery to which organ in the body may relieve symptoms of apnea?

Uvula

Each of the following is true of sleepwalking EXCEPT

Waking a sleepwalker is always dangerous

The state we are in which we are awake and reasonably alert is called:

Waking consciousness

You see an advertisement...=

What did the EEG indicate about the participants' level of sleep

Which of the following statements is CORRECT on the concept of gender in dreams?

research reports that men and woman differ in the things they dream about