Chapter 4 carbohydrates quiz

Which of the following recommendations will help to reduce the incidence of dental caries when the diet contains sugary foods?

Eat a sugary snack all at one time rather than in parts throughout the day

When a person is physically stressed, what hormone is released quickly to stimulate an increase in blood glucose concentration?

Epinephrine

Fructose is absorbed into the enterocyte by

Facilitated difussion

Which plant polysaccharide cannot be digested with enzymes in the human digestive tract.

Fiber

Which is the sweetest monosaccharide?

Fructose

The disaccharide lactose is made up of glucose and ____________.

Galactose

Which sugar is know as the "Blood Sugar?"

Glucose

What is the branched-chain polysaccharide stored in the liver and muscles of humans?

Glycogen

The prevalence of diabetes among adults in Illinois in 2010 is

Greater than 9%

A person with diabetes is most likely to develop

Heart disease

The chemical reaction by which starch is split into monosaccharides is termed

Hydrolysis

In the otherwise stable person with type 1 diabetes, a potential problem associated with physical activity is

Hypoglycemia

Many people with type 2 diabetes have

Insulin dependency

What is a characteristic of type 1 diabetes?

It is an autoimmune disorder; the immune cells destroy the insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a high-fiber diet?

It may reduce risk of lung cancer but increase risk of breast cancer

Which sugar is known as the "milk sugar?

Lactose

What disaccharide is produced when starch is digested.

Maltose

What is the first organ to respond to an increase in blood glucose concentration?

Pancreas

The excessive thirst common in diabetes is known as

Polydipsia

A person who hasn't consumed anything except water for the past 8 hours has a blood glucose concentration of 110 mg/dL. This person would be classified as

Prediabetic

A person diagnosed with milk allergy would be sensitive to the milk's

Protein

Insulin resistance is defined as

Reduced sensitivity of cells to blood insulin

What is the plant polysaccharide that can be digested and abosrbed in the human digestive tract and transported to cells to be used for energy.

Starch

Which sugar is known as "table sugar?"

Sucrose

Diabetes is known to increase the risk for all of the following except

Cancer

What is the RDA for carbohydrate?

130 g

What is the recommended DRI for fiber?

14 grams/1000kcal

A 40 year-old man is consuming 160 grams of added sugar per day and a total of 2400 kilocalories. What is his percentage of kilocalories from sugar?

27%

A young man is eating a total of 3000 kilocalories per day. What is his "Dietary Recommended Intake (DRI)" for fiber? Please be sure to use the DRI (there are other recommendations given in the text). Also, think ratios and cross multiplication.

42 g per day

According to most dietary guidelines, what percentage of the day's total energy intake should be furnished by carbohydrates

45-65

What is the minimum daily amount of dietary carbohydrate necessary to spare body protein and prevent ketosis?

50-100 g

A young woman is consuming 300 grams of carbohydrate per day and a total of 2000 kilocalories. What percentage of calories from carbohydrates is she consuming?

60%

Which of the following values falls within the normal range (mg/dl) for a fasting blood glucose?

75

If you were to exercise continuously, about how long would glycogen stores last?

A few hours

When there is slow absorption of glucose, a moderate rise in blood glucose, and a smooth return to normal blood glucose this indicates

A low glycemic response

Glucose and Galactose are absorbed into the enterocyte by

Active transport

All of the following are symptoms of lactose intolerance except

Constipation

Gluconeogenesis is a term that describes the synthesis of

glucose from a noncarbohydrate substance

What does an A1C test measure?

the percentage of hemoglobin that has glucose attached to it.

Which of the following conditions is characterized by insulin resistance of the adipose (fat) and muscle cells?

Type 2 diabetes

What dietary changes can be made If an "otherwise healthy" person has hypoglycemia?

Using high fiber carbohydrates instead of refined carbohydrates, Eat an adequate amount of protein at each meal, and Eat frequent small meals.

Which of the following is a byproduct of the condensation of two molecules of glucose by dehydration synthesis?

Water

Which of the following foods is NOT a rich source of soluble fiber?

Wheat bran

A young man is consuming 400 grams of carbohydrate per day and a total of 3000 kilocalories. Is he consuming more than the "RDA" for total carbohydrates?

Yes

Which of the following enzymes does not digest simple sugars?

Amylase

What is stevia?

An herb-derived sweetener