Chapter 4 carbohydrates quiz
Which of the following recommendations will help to reduce the incidence of dental caries when the diet contains sugary foods?
Eat a sugary snack all at one time rather than in parts throughout the day
When a person is physically stressed, what hormone is released quickly to stimulate an increase in blood glucose concentration?
Epinephrine
Fructose is absorbed into the enterocyte by
Facilitated difussion
Which plant polysaccharide cannot be digested with enzymes in the human digestive tract.
Fiber
Which is the sweetest monosaccharide?
Fructose
The disaccharide lactose is made up of glucose and ____________.
Galactose
Which sugar is know as the "Blood Sugar?"
Glucose
What is the branched-chain polysaccharide stored in the liver and muscles of humans?
Glycogen
The prevalence of diabetes among adults in Illinois in 2010 is
Greater than 9%
A person with diabetes is most likely to develop
Heart disease
The chemical reaction by which starch is split into monosaccharides is termed
Hydrolysis
In the otherwise stable person with type 1 diabetes, a potential problem associated with physical activity is
Hypoglycemia
Many people with type 2 diabetes have
Insulin dependency
What is a characteristic of type 1 diabetes?
It is an autoimmune disorder; the immune cells destroy the insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a high-fiber diet?
It may reduce risk of lung cancer but increase risk of breast cancer
Which sugar is known as the "milk sugar?
Lactose
What disaccharide is produced when starch is digested.
Maltose
What is the first organ to respond to an increase in blood glucose concentration?
Pancreas
The excessive thirst common in diabetes is known as
Polydipsia
A person who hasn't consumed anything except water for the past 8 hours has a blood glucose concentration of 110 mg/dL. This person would be classified as
Prediabetic
A person diagnosed with milk allergy would be sensitive to the milk's
Protein
Insulin resistance is defined as
Reduced sensitivity of cells to blood insulin
What is the plant polysaccharide that can be digested and abosrbed in the human digestive tract and transported to cells to be used for energy.
Starch
Which sugar is known as "table sugar?"
Sucrose
Diabetes is known to increase the risk for all of the following except
Cancer
What is the RDA for carbohydrate?
130 g
What is the recommended DRI for fiber?
14 grams/1000kcal
A 40 year-old man is consuming 160 grams of added sugar per day and a total of 2400 kilocalories. What is his percentage of kilocalories from sugar?
27%
A young man is eating a total of 3000 kilocalories per day. What is his "Dietary Recommended Intake (DRI)" for fiber? Please be sure to use the DRI (there are other recommendations given in the text). Also, think ratios and cross multiplication.
42 g per day
According to most dietary guidelines, what percentage of the day's total energy intake should be furnished by carbohydrates
45-65
What is the minimum daily amount of dietary carbohydrate necessary to spare body protein and prevent ketosis?
50-100 g
A young woman is consuming 300 grams of carbohydrate per day and a total of 2000 kilocalories. What percentage of calories from carbohydrates is she consuming?
60%
Which of the following values falls within the normal range (mg/dl) for a fasting blood glucose?
75
If you were to exercise continuously, about how long would glycogen stores last?
A few hours
When there is slow absorption of glucose, a moderate rise in blood glucose, and a smooth return to normal blood glucose this indicates
A low glycemic response
Glucose and Galactose are absorbed into the enterocyte by
Active transport
All of the following are symptoms of lactose intolerance except
Constipation
Gluconeogenesis is a term that describes the synthesis of
glucose from a noncarbohydrate substance
What does an A1C test measure?
the percentage of hemoglobin that has glucose attached to it.
Which of the following conditions is characterized by insulin resistance of the adipose (fat) and muscle cells?
Type 2 diabetes
What dietary changes can be made If an "otherwise healthy" person has hypoglycemia?
Using high fiber carbohydrates instead of refined carbohydrates, Eat an adequate amount of protein at each meal, and Eat frequent small meals.
Which of the following is a byproduct of the condensation of two molecules of glucose by dehydration synthesis?
Water
Which of the following foods is NOT a rich source of soluble fiber?
Wheat bran
A young man is consuming 400 grams of carbohydrate per day and a total of 3000 kilocalories. Is he consuming more than the "RDA" for total carbohydrates?
Yes
Which of the following enzymes does not digest simple sugars?
Amylase
What is stevia?
An herb-derived sweetener
