Chapter 4 - Foundations of Decision Making

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Because the German culture is one of order and​ structure, German organizations often have many rules and regulations. Decisions in this environment often are​__________.

Approved in the appropriate channels

After working for three days on a client​ presentation, Michael determined that it was good enough for his clients. This is an example of​ ____________ decision making.

Bounded

Wilma needed to fill a position that had been open for several weeks. She knew what her perfect candidate would be like but so far no one had met her standards. With time running​ out, she hired the first candidate who minimally fulfilled her requirements. What​ decision-making method did Wilma​ use?

Bounded rationality

Using big​ data, a social website such as Facebook could​ ____________

display ads for products and services based on the postings on a​ user's timeline

Wilma's new employee was not working out as well as she had hoped so she decided to pair her with a more experienced employee. Then she sent her to training. Then she spent time coaching her. Wilma is engaging in​ ___________.

escalation of commitment

Creativity requires which of the​ following?

expertise

Creative thinking requires​ ______________.

expertise, creative-thinking​ skills, and intrinsic task motivation

At​ UPS, business was strong but profits were​ down, leading managers to look for ways to increase profits from existing operating income. At this​ point, the managers of UPS are at the​ __________ step in the​ decision-making process, which is​ ____________.

first; identifying the problem

The idea that individuals tend to arrive at the same conclusion in group decision making is called​ __________.

groupthink

Big data involves​ ____________.

high​ volume, high​ velocity, and/or high variety

Sarah works in the customer service center of a discount retail store. When a customer wants to return an​ item, Sarah knows exactly what to do. Sarah makes​a(n) _______________ decision.

programmed

Maria is a very logical person and is facing what she feels is a very important decision. For that​ reason, Maria will be following the model of​ __________ decision making.

rational

XYZ wants to be known as a​ drug-free workplace. Each time a​ work-related accident​ occurs, the employee involved is required to submit to a drug test. We can consider this to be a​ __________.

rule

Because Landon consistently met his production​ goals, his boss decided to ignore the negative comments from his subordinates and​ co-workers and focus on the fact that Landon always met his goals. This is an example of​ ________.

selective perception

Maryann is creating the employee work schedule for three weeks from now. Two of her employees have requested​ vacation, a common situation that happens nearly every week during the summer. Maryann is facing​ a(n) ________________ problem.

structured

A major advantage of creativity is​ _____________.

that it allows the decision maker to identify viable alternatives

Groups become less effective as decision makers when​ ___________.

the group is dominated by a single person

Rational​ decision-making works best when​ _______________.

the problem is clear and unambiguous

Non-programmed decisions are made when​ ________

the situation is new and​ non-recurring

Programmed decisions are cost effective because​ ____________.

they do not need to be​ re-examined each time the situation arises

Lori is facing a new dilemma. She must decide whether Joanne or Dawn will be able to move into the vacant office. This kind of thing​ doesn't happen often around here. Lori is facing what kind of​ problem?

unstructured

If an American company chose to use the Japanese method called​ ringisei, we would expect it to​ ______________.

use large amounts of information to form consensus within the group

Groupthink can be curbed by​ _________.

using the nominal group technique

One significant difference between an electronic meeting and a video conference is​ ___________.

videoconference participants are generally in different locations

When determining decision​ criteria, ____________.

what is not included can be as important as what is included

Before Dan​ retired, his manager asked him to​ "download" his troubleshooting knowledge into a database so the person who replaced him in the maintenance department could have the benefit of​ Dan's decades of experience. In this​ way, Dan created​ _________________.

an expert system

If Terry uses the​ eight-step decision-making​ model, he will​ _____________.

Select the alternative with the highest score

When picking out her new​ desk, Danielle would like one that is​ large, has 3​ drawers, and has blue tooth technology​ built-in. This represents which of the following steps of the​ decision-making process?

Step 2

One of the best reasons for allowing groups to make decisions is​ ______________.

The people who are affected by the decision are often the best qualified to make decisions that affect them

A problem is present when​ ____________.

a discrepancy exists between an existing and a desired state of affairs

Paul has worked in personal sales for most of his adult life. He has developed a sense of how to persuade his prospects to purchase his product. Paul is using his​ ___________.

intuition

A manager using design thinking would​ ___________.

look at the situation carefully to make sure​ he/she understands it fully before creating the problem statement

Top managers of McDoogals decided to put their new restaurant on the campus of City University. This is the first new restaurant for McDoogals in 25 years. This is an example of what type of​ decision?

nonprogrammed


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