Chapter 4 - Foundations of Decision Making
Because the German culture is one of order and structure, German organizations often have many rules and regulations. Decisions in this environment often are__________.
Approved in the appropriate channels
After working for three days on a client presentation, Michael determined that it was good enough for his clients. This is an example of ____________ decision making.
Bounded
Wilma needed to fill a position that had been open for several weeks. She knew what her perfect candidate would be like but so far no one had met her standards. With time running out, she hired the first candidate who minimally fulfilled her requirements. What decision-making method did Wilma use?
Bounded rationality
Using big data, a social website such as Facebook could ____________
display ads for products and services based on the postings on a user's timeline
Wilma's new employee was not working out as well as she had hoped so she decided to pair her with a more experienced employee. Then she sent her to training. Then she spent time coaching her. Wilma is engaging in ___________.
escalation of commitment
Creativity requires which of the following?
expertise
Creative thinking requires ______________.
expertise, creative-thinking skills, and intrinsic task motivation
At UPS, business was strong but profits were down, leading managers to look for ways to increase profits from existing operating income. At this point, the managers of UPS are at the __________ step in the decision-making process, which is ____________.
first; identifying the problem
The idea that individuals tend to arrive at the same conclusion in group decision making is called __________.
groupthink
Big data involves ____________.
high volume, high velocity, and/or high variety
Sarah works in the customer service center of a discount retail store. When a customer wants to return an item, Sarah knows exactly what to do. Sarah makesa(n) _______________ decision.
programmed
Maria is a very logical person and is facing what she feels is a very important decision. For that reason, Maria will be following the model of __________ decision making.
rational
XYZ wants to be known as a drug-free workplace. Each time a work-related accident occurs, the employee involved is required to submit to a drug test. We can consider this to be a __________.
rule
Because Landon consistently met his production goals, his boss decided to ignore the negative comments from his subordinates and co-workers and focus on the fact that Landon always met his goals. This is an example of ________.
selective perception
Maryann is creating the employee work schedule for three weeks from now. Two of her employees have requested vacation, a common situation that happens nearly every week during the summer. Maryann is facing a(n) ________________ problem.
structured
A major advantage of creativity is _____________.
that it allows the decision maker to identify viable alternatives
Groups become less effective as decision makers when ___________.
the group is dominated by a single person
Rational decision-making works best when _______________.
the problem is clear and unambiguous
Non-programmed decisions are made when ________
the situation is new and non-recurring
Programmed decisions are cost effective because ____________.
they do not need to be re-examined each time the situation arises
Lori is facing a new dilemma. She must decide whether Joanne or Dawn will be able to move into the vacant office. This kind of thing doesn't happen often around here. Lori is facing what kind of problem?
unstructured
If an American company chose to use the Japanese method called ringisei, we would expect it to ______________.
use large amounts of information to form consensus within the group
Groupthink can be curbed by _________.
using the nominal group technique
One significant difference between an electronic meeting and a video conference is ___________.
videoconference participants are generally in different locations
When determining decision criteria, ____________.
what is not included can be as important as what is included
Before Dan retired, his manager asked him to "download" his troubleshooting knowledge into a database so the person who replaced him in the maintenance department could have the benefit of Dan's decades of experience. In this way, Dan created _________________.
an expert system
If Terry uses the eight-step decision-making model, he will _____________.
Select the alternative with the highest score
When picking out her new desk, Danielle would like one that is large, has 3 drawers, and has blue tooth technology built-in. This represents which of the following steps of the decision-making process?
Step 2
One of the best reasons for allowing groups to make decisions is ______________.
The people who are affected by the decision are often the best qualified to make decisions that affect them
A problem is present when ____________.
a discrepancy exists between an existing and a desired state of affairs
Paul has worked in personal sales for most of his adult life. He has developed a sense of how to persuade his prospects to purchase his product. Paul is using his ___________.
intuition
A manager using design thinking would ___________.
look at the situation carefully to make sure he/she understands it fully before creating the problem statement
Top managers of McDoogals decided to put their new restaurant on the campus of City University. This is the first new restaurant for McDoogals in 25 years. This is an example of what type of decision?
nonprogrammed
