Chapter 4- Marine Science
Which of the following organisms produce calcium carbonate tests? (select all that apply>)
1. Coccolithophores 2.Foraminifera
Which of the following are examples of hydrogenous sediments? (select all that apply.)
1. Manganese nodules 2.Phosphates 3.Metal sulfides
Which of the following organisms produce silica tests? (select all that apply.)
1.Diatoms 2.Radiolarians
Which of these are examples of lithogenous sedimentS? ( Select all that apply.)
1.Dust blown out to sea 2.Sediments carried in a river 3.Volcanic ash
What sediment type(s) is/are included in the pink category labeled "Other" on the map?
1.hydrogenous sediments 2.cosmogenous sediments
What mechanism(s) is/are responsible for transporting clay to deep ocean basins?
1.winds 2.low-moving ocean currents
What would happen if the depth of the CCD were above the top of the mid-ocean ridge?
Calcareous ooze would not be found below the CCD.
Which type of marine sediments include space dust and meteors?
Cosmogenous
Gypsum is an example of a(n)
Evaporite
What kind of lithogenous sediments would be found closest to shore?
Large, coarse particles
Sediments carried by a glacier are an example of which of the following?
Lithogenous sediments
Abyssal clay would most likely be found in the ____ environment.
Pelagic
What is the most valuable resource derived from marine sediments?
Petroleum
How does siliceous ooze accumulate on the seafloor if silica-based residues are dissolved slowly at all depths?
Silica tests accumulate faster than seawater can dissolve them.
Under which of the following conditions are you most likely to get calcareous ooze?
Wam, shallow water
What is calcareous ooze?
a fine-grained, deep ocean sediment containing the skeletal remains of calcite-secreting microbes
The most likely place to find abundant manganese nodules is on the:
abyssal plain far from a continent.
What factor primarily determines the distribution of radiolarian ooze?
areas of upwelling
Sediments derived from the remains of the hard parts of once-living organisms are called __________ sediments.
biogenous
Two common types of chemical compounds found in biogenous sediments are __________ and ________
calcium carbonate; silica
The sea floor provides the largest reservoir of usable energy in the ocean, and likely the world, in the form of __
clathrates
Which sediment type dominates in the neritic environment?
coarse lithogenous sediment, such as sand and small rocks
What three steps are required for calcareous ooze to exist below the CCD?
deposition of calcite shells above the CCD, cover of these shells by a non-calcareous material, and movement of the sea floor over millions of years
The two major types of microscopic, planktonic organisms that produce siliceous oozes are __________ and __________.
diatoms; radiolarians
Siliceous ooze is particularly abundant on the seafloor at __________ and at __________.
high latitudes; equatorial upwelling zones
Sediments produced because of chemical reactions in seawater are called:
hydrogenous.
Phosphate-rich nodules form in:
intermediate to shallow depth water.
Abyssal clay contains ____
iron
Sediment that begins as rocks on continents or islands is called ___
lithogenous (terrigenous) sediment
What factor primarily controls the distribution of calcareous ooze?
water depth
What is the calcite compensation depth, or CCD?
the ocean depth below which calcite is unstable and will dissolve quickly