Chapter 4 - Sensation and Perception

What are pheromones?

Odorless chemicals that serve as social signals to members of one's species.

People have 3 body sense that work together. which system do we use for touch and pain?

Somatosensory

Which term refers to our sense of hearing?

Audition

Some blind people can nonetheless make decent guess about the location of objects in their environment. This phenomenon is called?

Blindsight

Which part of the ear is shaped like a spiral with a bony outer portion and an inner cavity filled with a thick fluid?

Cochlea

Which of the following is found on the retina of the human eye?

Cones

Which of the following is a binocular cue to distance?

Convergence

Ingo Larsen is a psychologist who specializes in designing workplace environments to improve human efficiency, reduce worker fatigue, and decrease work-related stress and strain. What type of psychology does Ingo practice?

Human factors

The ossicles, the smallest bones in the body, are found where?

Middle ear

Numerous taste buds are contained in the little bumps called _____________ on our tongues.

Papillae

The ability of the human brain to attend to many sense modalities at the same time is called?

Parallel processing

Our brains rely on knowledge and experience to make educated guesses about the sensory info we receive. Which of the following is formed when our expectations influence our perceptions?

Perpetual set

The white part of the human eye is called the?

Sclera

What does your body use to transduce specific external stimuli into neural activity?

Sense receptors

As you walk into an elevator, you notice the powerful scent of perfume left behind by someone who has just exited. By the time you reach your floor, you find that you hardly notice the smell anymore. what phenomenon is at work?

Sensory adaptation

Your sister tells you that to her, the numeral 7 is always green and 4 is always red. She is surprised to find that you do not share this experience. You are surprised to discover that she has a rare condition known as?

Synesthesia

Psychologists are not certain how people do it, but somehow when we look at an object, our brains manage to put together a lot of disparate info into a unified whole. This mystery is called

The binding problem

What classic experiment designed by Eleanor Gibson established that infants can perceive depth?

The visual cliff

You meet your brother's new girlfriend and are immediately put off by the grating quality of her voice. Which aspect of her voice is bothering you?

Timbre

_____________ explains how we can see a range of colors, whereas ______________ explains why we see afterimages.

Trichromatic theory; opponent process theory

Which of the following senses allows us to maintain balance by using fluid-filled canals in the inner ear?

Vestibular

Subliminal perception is quite different from subliminal persuasion. Although we may perceive stimuli that are below the threshold of conscious awareness, they do not necessarily spur us to action. Why is that?

We cannot engage in very much in-depth processing of the subliminal message; therefore, there is not much effect on our attitude and decisions.

Which rule tells us the stronger the stimulus, the bigger the change needed for a change in stimulus intensity to be noticeable?

Weber's Law

According to the gate control model, __________ is an effective way of short-circuiting painful sensations.

distraction

there are three major types of ESP or so-called psychic phenomena: precognition, clairvoyance, and

telepathy