Chapter 40 Quiz

The recommended fluid resuscitation of a patient in shock and no evidence of traumatic brain injury is: Select one: A.1 liter, repeated 1 time; maintain a systolic BP of 100 mm Hg. B.20 mL/kg, repeat as needed; maintain a systolic BP of 100 mm Hg. C.500 mL, up to 4 times; maintain a systolic BP of 70 to 80 mm Hg. D.250 mL, up to 4 times; maintain a systolic BP of 80 to 90 mm Hg.

D.250 mL, up to 4 times; maintain a systolic BP of 80 to 90 mm Hg.

What is formed when carbon monoxide binds to the hemoglobin molecule? Select one: A.Myoglobin B.Oxyhemoglobin C.Methemoglobin D.Carboxyhemoglobin

D.Carboxyhemoglobin

Which of the following lists, in the correct order, the smallest to largest units of life? Select one: A.Organism, organs, organ systems, tissues, cells B.Tissues, organs, cells, organism, organ systems C.Organs, organ systems, tissues, cells, organism D.Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism

D.Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism

Tissue perfusion is primarily a function of the: Select one: A.peripheral nervous system. B.respiratory system. C.endocrine system. D.cardiovascular system.

D.cardiovascular system.

Hypotension during anaphylactic shock is caused primarily by: Select one: A.cardiac muscle injury. B.vascular damage. C.capillary leakage. D.relative hypovolemia.

D.relative hypovolemia.

In addition to IV fluids, treatment for a patient in neurogenic shock may include: Select one: A.atropine. B.amiodarone. C.low-dose dopamine. D.epinephrine 1:1,000.

?

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using a crystalloid solution when treating a patient with hemorrhagic shock? Select one: A.They do not have oxygen-carrying capacity. B.They increase the viscosity of the blood. C.They do not expand the circulating volume. D.They cause platelets to clump together.

A.They do not have oxygen-carrying capacity.

Parasympathetic nervous system stimulation results in: Select one: A.a decreased inotropic effect. B.increased myocardial contractility. C.decreased gastrointestinal motility. D.a negative dromotropic effect.

A.a decreased inotropic effect.

Systemic effects of epinephrine include: Select one: A.increased afterload. B.diffuse vasodilation. C.bronchoconstriction. D.decreased preload.

A.increased afterload.

Anaerobic metabolism is the process in which: Select one: A.inefficient cellular metabolism produces lactic acid. B.adequate amounts of oxygen reach the cell level. C.the adrenal glands fail to release catecholamines. D.the cells produce carbon dioxide and water.

A.inefficient cellular metabolism produces lactic acid.

When attempting to resuscitate a patient in cardiac arrest, which of the following questions would you pose if you suspect that the patient is hyperkalemic? Select one: A."Does this patient take blood thinners?" B."Does this patient undergo dialysis?" C."Has this patient had vomiting or diarrhea?" D."Is this patient a known diabetic?"

B."Does this patient undergo dialysis?"

Which of the following vital signs values are MOST consistent with neurogenic shock? Select one: A.Blood pressure, 70/40; pulse, 120; respirations, 26 B.Blood pressure, 80/60; pulse, 50; respirations, 24 C.Blood pressure, 160/100; pulse, 40; respirations, 8 D.Blood pressure, 120/70; pulse, 70; respirations, 14

B.Blood pressure, 80/60; pulse, 50; respirations, 24

Which of the following would MOST likely allow you to reach the status of entry-level competence? Select one: A.Functioning for at least 2 years in the field B.Interning with an experienced preceptor C.Studying didactic material at least 2 hours per week D.Passing the state or national paramedic exam

B.Interning with an experienced preceptor

Which of the following solutions is preferred for fluid resuscitation of a patient in shock in the prehospital setting? Select one: A.Fresh frozen plasma B.Isotonic crystalloid C.Dextrose in water D.Hypertonic saline

B.Isotonic crystalloid

An adult patient presents with a blood pressure of 78/60 mm Hg, a pulse rate of 120 beats/min and irregular, and labored breathing. Further assessment reveals pale, cool, moist skin and diffuse crackles in all lung fields. You should suspect: Select one: A.neurogenic shock. B.cardiogenic shock. C.hypovolemic shock. D.septic shock.

B.cardiogenic shock.

A tendency to gather and rely on information that confirms your existing views and avoids or downplays information that does not confirm your preexisting hypothesis or field differential is called a(n) ___________ bias. Select one: A.anchoring B.confirmation C.personal D.differential

B.confirmation

During anaerobic metabolism, the precapillary sphincters __________ in response to __________. Select one: A.constrict, capillary engorgement B.relax, lactic acid buildup C.constrict, decreased carbon dioxide D.relax, systemic vasoconstriction

B.relax, lactic acid buildup

According to the Frank-Starling mechanism: Select one: A.systemic venous pooling of blood results in a decrease in preload. B.the length of myocardial fibers determines the force of cardiac contraction. C.an increase in systolic blood pressure causes a reflex bradycardia. D.coronary artery perfusion is directly proportional to cardiac output.

B.the length of myocardial fibers determines the force of cardiac contraction.

Relative bradycardia during neurogenic shock occurs because: Select one: A.the brainstem does not receive messages to increase the heart rate. B.the sympathetic nervous system is not stimulated to release catecholamines. C.systemic venous pooling of the blood overstimulates the vagus nerve. D.the parasympathetic nervous system does not release acetylcholine.

B.the sympathetic nervous system is not stimulated to release catecholamines.

Which of the following will be of MOST help to the paramedic when formulating a field diagnosis? Select one: A.Receiving input from family members B.Trending the vital signs over a period of time C.Considering or ruling out various conditions D.Identifying and treating immediate life threats

C.Considering or ruling out various conditions

Which of the following occurs during compensated shock? Select one: A.Vasomotor failure leads to a drop in systolic blood pressure. B.Urine output decreases to less than 20 mL/hour. C.Increased rate of breathing causes respiratory alkalosis. D.Cerebral hypoperfusion causes pupillary constriction.

C.Increased rate of breathing causes respiratory alkalosis.

The force or resistance against which the heart pumps is called: Select one: A.systemic vascular resistance. B.preload. C.afterload. D.blood pressure.

C.afterload.

Intrinsic causes of cardiogenic shock include: Select one: A.pulmonary embolus. B.pleural effusion. C.cardiomyopathy. D.tension pneumothorax.

C.cardiomyopathy.

When administering IV fluid boluses to an elderly patient in shock, it is especially important to monitor his or her: Select one: A.blood pressure. B.mental status. C.lung sounds. D.pulse rate.

C.lung sounds.

Carbonic acid is formed by the combination of: Select one: A.water and hemoglobin. B.water and bicarbonate. C.water and carbon dioxide. D.lactate and pyruvic acid.

C.water and carbon dioxide.