Chapter 45 Review Questions [Endocrine System]

which of the following conditions is unrelated to the production of growth hormone a. control of blood calcium b. pituitary dwarfism c. increased milk production in cows d. acromegaly

control of blood calcium

tumors that affect the pituitary can lead to decrease in some, but not all, hormones released by the pituitary. a patient with such a tumor exhibits fatigue, weight loss, and low blood sugar. this is probably due to lack of production of a. GH, which leads to loss of muscle mass b. ACTH, which leads to loss of production of glucocorticoids c. TSH, which leads to loss of production of thyroxin D. ADH, which leads to excess urine production

ACTH, which leads to loss of production of Glucocorticoids

you experience a longer period than normal between meals. your body's response to this will be to produce a. insulin to raise your blood sugar b. glucagon to raise your blood sugar c. insulin to lower your blood sugar d. glucagon to lower your blood sugar.

Glucagon to raise your blood sugar

second messengers are activated in response to a. steroid hormones b. thyroxine c. hydrophilic hormones d. all of the choices are correct

Hydrophilic Hormones

You new research project is to design a pesticide that will disrupt the endocrine systems of arthropods without harming humans and other mammals. which of the following substances should be the target of your investigations? a. Insulin b. ADH c. juvenile hormone d. cortisol

Juvenile hormone

mild vitamin D deficiency can lead to osteoporosis, or reduced bone mineral density. this thought to be due to an association with increased levels of a. calcitonin, which leads to an increase in serum Ca 2+ and bone loss. B. PTH, which leads to an increase in serum Ca2+ and bone loss c. ADH, which reduces blood pressure and leads to bone loss d. insulin, which leads to a decrease in blood glucose and bone loss

PTH, which leads to an increase in serum Ca 2+ and bone loss

Coat color in mammals is controlled by a hormone receptor called the melanocortin receptor. when this receptor is bound by the hormone MSH, pigment cells produce dark eumelanin. When the receptor is bound by an MSH antagonist that prevents MSH binding, pigment cells make yellow/red pheomelanin. In the Irish setter, the overall read coat color could be due to a mutation in the a. receptor that prevents the antagonist from binding b. receptor that prevents MSH from binding c. MSH protein such that it binds the receptor more efficiently d. antagonist such that it no longer binds to the receptor

Receptor that prevents MSH from binding

an organ is classified as part of the endocrine system if it a. produces cholesterol b. is capable of converting amino acids into hormones c. has intracellular receptors for hormones d. secretes hormones into the circulatory system

Secretes hormones into the circulatory system

which of the following is true about lipophilic hormones a. they are freely soluble in the blood b. they require a transport protein in the bloodstream c. they cannot enter their target cells d. they are rapidly deactivated after binding to their receptors

They require a transport protein in the blood stream

steroid hormones a. can diffuse through the membrane without a carrier b. have a direct effect on gene expression c. bind to membrane receptors d. both a and b are correct

can diffuse through the membrane without a carrier have a direct effect on gene expression

which of the following best describes hormones a. hormones are relatively unstable and work only in the area adjacent to the gland that produced them b. hormones are long-lasting chemicals released from glands c. all hormones are lipid-soluble d. hormones are chemical messengers that are released into the environment.

hormones are long-lasting chemicals released from glands

hormones released from the pituitary gland have two different sources. those that are produced by the neurons of the hypothalamus are released through the ___________, and those produced within the pituitary are released through the _____________. a. thalamus; hippocampus b. neurohypohysis; adenohypophysis c. right pituitary; let pituitary d. cortex; medulla

neurohypoysis; adenophypophysis

You think one of your teammates is using anabolic steroids to build muscle. you know hat continued use of steroids can cause profound changes in cell functino. this is due in part to he fact that these hormones act a. to regulate gene expression b. by activating second messengers c. as protein kinases d. via G protein- coupled receptors

to regulate gene expression

Your uncle sal likes to party. when he goes out drinking, he complains that he needs to urinate more often. you explain to him that this is because alcohol suppresses the release of the hormone: a. thyroxine, which increases water reabsorption from the kidney b. thyroxine, which decreases water reabsorption from the kidney c. ADH, which decreases water reabsorption from the kidney d. ADH, which increases water reabsorption from the kidney

ADH, which decreases water reabsorption from the kidney