Chapter 5 - Hybridization

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Which is the most likely bond angle in a molecule where the central atom is sp hybridized?

180

How many atomic orbitals are required to make a set of four hybrid orbitals?

4

How many electron domains surround an sp³ hybridized atom?

4

Hybrid orbitals will have a shape determined by:

a linear combination of the orbitals housing the valence electrons

Hybrid orbitals are NOT found in:

an isolated atom

Hybrid orbitals can contain:

bonding valence electrons

The hybrid orbitals have shapes/orientations that are _______ those of the isolated atoms' atomic orbitals.

different from

The orbitals within a set of hybrid orbitals will have:

equivalent shape and energy

The new orbitals that are the result of hybridization are known as:

hybrid orbitals

In order to maintain accuracy, valence bond theory must include which component?

hybridization

The linear combination of atomic orbitals can be used to accomplish:

hybridization

In an energy diagram, sp3 hybridized orbitals are:

in between 2s and 2p orbitals

In order for a pi bond to form, there must be:

lateral overlap of p orbitals

The energy of an sp orbital will be:

less than that of a p orbital but greater than that of an s orbital

In order for a pi bond to form, there must be:

overlap of unhybridized orbitals

Unhybridized orbitals overlap to form:

pi bonds

Hybrid orbitals overlap to form:

sigma bonds

Rotation occurs freely around:

sigma bonds

When hybrid orbitals overlap, what type of bonds form?

sigma bonds

A bond angle of 120∘ corresponds to which type of hybridization?

sp²

What is the hybridization of boron in boron trichloride (BCl₃)?

sp²

What type of hybridization is commonly associated with trigonal planar geometry?

sp²

A bond angle of 109.5∘ corresponds to which type of hybridization?

sp³

What is the hybridization of the oxygen atom in a water molecule?

sp³

What type of hybridization is commonly associated with tetrahedral geometry?

sp³

Hybridization was developed to explain observations about:

the bond angles in certain molecules

An sp2 hybridized atom exhibits which geometry?

trigonal planar


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