Chapter 5 Practice Test

At his first birthday party, Eli and his friends sat on the floor in relatively close proximity to each other, each playing with their blocks, looking through their picture books, and looking or smiling at each other. The children's interactions are known as ________ play.

parallel

When a five-month-old infant is scared, she will often move closer to a parent. This is an example of ________ .

an emotion regulation strategy

The text suggests that gender roles ________ .

are softening, yet retain some traditional elements

Which culture, in general, tends to favor emotional restraint?

Asian

What is one reason school-aged children show more altruism than preschoolers?

Preschoolers are more egocentric

Which statement is true about father-infant relationships?

Fathers and mothers play different types of games with their infants.

Two new parents are interested in increasing the likelihood that their daughter behaves altruistically in the future. What would you recommend?

Frequently demonstrate helping behavior in front of their daughter.

According to Bowlby, why have children been evolutionarily selected to form attachments?

It makes them more likely to survive.

LaWanda's 16-month-old child is being tested using Ainsworth's Strange Situation. Little Rodrick cries when LaWanda leaves the room, but wants to be with her and stops crying upon her return. What type of attachment relationship does Rodrick seem to have with LaWanda?

Secure

Cassandra's two-year-old daughter seems to be strong-willed about doing things her own way. Cassandra says she is in the "terrible twos." You realize, however, that her daughter is simply trying to show ________ .

autonomy

Interestingly, stranger wariness begins around the time infants ________ .

begin to be good crawlers

When a particular theme organizes children's play, it is defined as ________ play.

cooperative

Caleb often felt very sad when he saw a sad child, and he generally felt happy when others were happy. Caleb is ________ .

empathetic

According to the text, girls' interactions with others are generally ________ .

enabling

Gale is rational, active, independent, and competitive. Gale closely fits the male ________ .

gender stereotype

Casey, a six-year-old girl, came home with a sign-up sheet to play soccer. The first question she asked her father was, "Do girls play soccer?" When her father said "yes," she wanted to know all about soccer and when she could get a uniform and cleats. Casey's behavior is most directly related to ________ .

gender-schema theory

One of the strongest gender differences, one that begins early in life and is seen in almost all cultures, is that ________ .

males show more physical aggression

Eight-month-old Janie is delighted to find the new, shiny ball her father brought home for her. As she approaches the ball, she is happy, but she continually looks at her father to see if it is okay to touch it. Janie is showing ________ .

social referencing

Between five and seven years, children begin to show ________ .

that situational changes or personal wishes do not change one's gender

One-year-old Annie is exploring her new daycare and frequently looks toward her mother as she does so. Annie's behavior exemplifies ________ .

true attachment