Chapter 5:

Which of the following areas of the body are permanently damaged by poorly controlled diabetes?

1. heart 2. eyes 3. kidneys

The treatment for type 2 diabetes is aimed at maintaining normal ranges of blood glucose through...

1. lifestyle modifications. 2. medications

The patients who experience reactive hypoglycemia may benefit from eating _____.

1. low glycemic load carbohydrates 2. regular meals with a mixture of macronutrients

What is the criterion for fasting blood glucose above which an individual is diagnosed as diabetic?

126 mg/ dl

What percentage of Americans shows the signs of lactose maldigestion?

25%

The treatment for Metabolic Syndrome is essentially the same as the treatment of what other disease?

type 2 diabetes

Which type of diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance and often associated with obesity?

type 2 diabetes

To improve blood glucose control for patients with type 2 diabetes...

a Mediterranean-style eating plan is recommended.

Which hormone is released when blood glucose levels are high?

Insulin

Hypoglycemia is a ______ blood glucose level.

LOW

Which value considers the amount of carbohydrates consumed so it better reflects a food's effect on blood glucose?

glycemic load

What is the technical term for high blood sugar?

hyperglycemia

Which condition is more common and associated with diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome?

hyperglycemia

Anna's blood test showed that her fasting blood sugar was 150 mg/dl. According to these results, she is

hyperglycemic

Elevated blood glucose, elevated blood pressure, abdominal obesity, high blood triglycerides, and elevated LDL-cholesterol with low HDL-cholesterol indicate _____.

metabolic syndrome

Type 2 diabetes is positively associated with

physical inactivity and obesity

Insulin... Glucagon...

decreases blood glucose increases blood glucose

Which of the following conditions may be present in a person with metabolic syndrome?

1. Abdominal obesity 2. high blood triglycerides 3. low HDL cholesterol

In metabolic syndrome, which of the following may be elevated?

1. Blood pressure 2. Triglycerides 3. Fasting glucose

Which of the following actions help in the digestion of carbohydrates?

1. Chewing 2. Cooking

Which of the following are health conditions associated with a very high fiber intake (>60 grams per day), especially when combined with inadequate fluid intake?

1. Constipation 2. Intestinal Bloackages

The ______ works in concert with the pancreas to regulate blood glucose levels. Multiple choice question.

1. Liver

Treatment for Metabolic Syndrome includes

1. Weight loss 2. Eating a healthy diet 3. increase physical activity

The important components of therapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes include _____.

1. adhering to a nutritious diet plan 2. regular physical activity 3. adhering to prescribed medication

Approximately ______ of the world's population is lactose intolerant.

75%

Which of the following is a good source of soluble fiber?

Flesh of an apple

Glycogen is stored in the liver and can be released by the hormone ________.

Glucagon

Which of the following is true about pre-diabetes?

Glucose levels are mildly elevated from 100 to 125 mg/dl.

(Glycemic Index x Grams of ______) / 100 = Glycemic Load

carbohydrate

Which of the following are the possible fates of carbohydrate once it has been absorbed?

1. Production of Gylcogen 2. Production of Fat 3. Released directly into the bloodstream for use by organs

Which of the following processed foods or beverage are high in added sugars?

1. Soda 2. Cakes 3. Ice cream

The cooking process is often viewed as the starting point of carbohydrate digestion because cooking helps

1. Soften fibrous tissues 2. Starch granules swell with water

The symptoms of metabolic syndrome increase the risk of _____. (Check all that apply.)

1. Type 2 diabetes 2. Cardiovascular disease

The patients with hypoglycemia may need to decrease their intake of ____.

1. alcohol 2. caffeine

Individuals with poorly controlled diabetes are at an increased risk of _____.

1. cardiovascular disease 2. Blindness 3. Kidney disease

fasting hypoglycemia...

A condition of low blood glucose after fasting for 8 hours or more and typically is caused by an underlying medical condition such as cancer, liver disease, or renal disease.

reactive hypoglycemia

Is caused by an exaggerated insulin response after eating and develops 2 to 5 hours following a meal.

Where does the enzymatic digestion of carbohydrates begin?

Mouth

A high-fiber diet may ______ the availability of nutrients.

decrease

Which type of hypoglycemia occurs 2 to 5 hours after eating?

reactive hypoglycemia