Chapter 5:
Which of the following areas of the body are permanently damaged by poorly controlled diabetes?
1. heart 2. eyes 3. kidneys
The treatment for type 2 diabetes is aimed at maintaining normal ranges of blood glucose through...
1. lifestyle modifications. 2. medications
The patients who experience reactive hypoglycemia may benefit from eating _____.
1. low glycemic load carbohydrates 2. regular meals with a mixture of macronutrients
What is the criterion for fasting blood glucose above which an individual is diagnosed as diabetic?
126 mg/ dl
What percentage of Americans shows the signs of lactose maldigestion?
25%
The treatment for Metabolic Syndrome is essentially the same as the treatment of what other disease?
type 2 diabetes
Which type of diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance and often associated with obesity?
type 2 diabetes
To improve blood glucose control for patients with type 2 diabetes...
a Mediterranean-style eating plan is recommended.
Which hormone is released when blood glucose levels are high?
Insulin
Hypoglycemia is a ______ blood glucose level.
LOW
Which value considers the amount of carbohydrates consumed so it better reflects a food's effect on blood glucose?
glycemic load
What is the technical term for high blood sugar?
hyperglycemia
Which condition is more common and associated with diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome?
hyperglycemia
Anna's blood test showed that her fasting blood sugar was 150 mg/dl. According to these results, she is
hyperglycemic
Elevated blood glucose, elevated blood pressure, abdominal obesity, high blood triglycerides, and elevated LDL-cholesterol with low HDL-cholesterol indicate _____.
metabolic syndrome
Type 2 diabetes is positively associated with
physical inactivity and obesity
Insulin... Glucagon...
decreases blood glucose increases blood glucose
Which of the following conditions may be present in a person with metabolic syndrome?
1. Abdominal obesity 2. high blood triglycerides 3. low HDL cholesterol
In metabolic syndrome, which of the following may be elevated?
1. Blood pressure 2. Triglycerides 3. Fasting glucose
Which of the following actions help in the digestion of carbohydrates?
1. Chewing 2. Cooking
Which of the following are health conditions associated with a very high fiber intake (>60 grams per day), especially when combined with inadequate fluid intake?
1. Constipation 2. Intestinal Bloackages
The ______ works in concert with the pancreas to regulate blood glucose levels. Multiple choice question.
1. Liver
Treatment for Metabolic Syndrome includes
1. Weight loss 2. Eating a healthy diet 3. increase physical activity
The important components of therapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes include _____.
1. adhering to a nutritious diet plan 2. regular physical activity 3. adhering to prescribed medication
Approximately ______ of the world's population is lactose intolerant.
75%
Which of the following is a good source of soluble fiber?
Flesh of an apple
Glycogen is stored in the liver and can be released by the hormone ________.
Glucagon
Which of the following is true about pre-diabetes?
Glucose levels are mildly elevated from 100 to 125 mg/dl.
(Glycemic Index x Grams of ______) / 100 = Glycemic Load
carbohydrate
Which of the following are the possible fates of carbohydrate once it has been absorbed?
1. Production of Gylcogen 2. Production of Fat 3. Released directly into the bloodstream for use by organs
Which of the following processed foods or beverage are high in added sugars?
1. Soda 2. Cakes 3. Ice cream
The cooking process is often viewed as the starting point of carbohydrate digestion because cooking helps
1. Soften fibrous tissues 2. Starch granules swell with water
The symptoms of metabolic syndrome increase the risk of _____. (Check all that apply.)
1. Type 2 diabetes 2. Cardiovascular disease
The patients with hypoglycemia may need to decrease their intake of ____.
1. alcohol 2. caffeine
Individuals with poorly controlled diabetes are at an increased risk of _____.
1. cardiovascular disease 2. Blindness 3. Kidney disease
fasting hypoglycemia...
A condition of low blood glucose after fasting for 8 hours or more and typically is caused by an underlying medical condition such as cancer, liver disease, or renal disease.
reactive hypoglycemia
Is caused by an exaggerated insulin response after eating and develops 2 to 5 hours following a meal.
Where does the enzymatic digestion of carbohydrates begin?
Mouth
A high-fiber diet may ______ the availability of nutrients.
decrease
Which type of hypoglycemia occurs 2 to 5 hours after eating?
reactive hypoglycemia