Chapter 5 questions part 1

An expanded knob at the base of the hair root is the A. medulla. B. cuticle. C. hair bulb. D. root. E. shaft.

hair bulb

. The portion of a hair that protrudes above the surface of the skin is the A. hair root. B. hair follicle. C. hair shaft. D. hair bulb. E. dermal papilla.

hair shaft

Skin color is the result of the A. amount of fat in the hypodermis. B. quantity of melanin in the skin. C. number of melanocytes in the skin. D. number of keratinocytes in the skin. E. thickness of the stratum basale.

quantity of melanin in the skin

The outer surface of the hair is called the A. medulla. B. shaft. C. hair bulb. D. cuticle. E. root.

cuticle.

The bluish tinge of skin due to a reduction of oxygen in the blood is called A. desquamation. B. hemolysis. C. cyanosis. D. carotenosis. E. albinism.

cyanosis.

This is the dermal layer closest to the epidermis. A. epidermis B. reticular layer C. papillary layer D. stretch marks E. hypodermis

papillary layer

Cedric slipped and cut his finger. The cut bled, but did not penetrate to the hypodermis. The deepest layer penetrated was the A. stratum corneum. B. papillary layer of the dermis. C. stratum spinosum. D. stratum basale. E. stratum granulosum.

papillary layer of the dermis.

Melanin production can be influenced by A. genetics. B. hormones. C. exposure to sunlight. D. pregnancy. E. All of these choices are correct.

. All of these choices are correct

Which type of skin cancer is the most deadly? A. Kaposi's sarcoma B. basal cell carcinoma C. melanoma D. squamous cell carcinoma E. psoriasis

. melanoma

Which of the following statements is true? A. Hair in the axillary region is vellus hair after puberty. B. At puberty, much of the vellus hair is replaced with terminal hair. C. Both vellus and terminal hairs are pigmented. D. In males, the hairs of the beard are vellus hairs. E. The majority of hair on the chest is vellus hair.

At puberty, much of the vellus hair is replaced with terminal hair.

Which of the following statements regarding melanin is true? A. Men produce more melanin than women. B. In Addison's disease, less melanin is produced. C. During pregnancy melanin production is increased. D. Both melanocytes and keratinocytes produce melanin. E. Melanin is a white pigment.

During pregnancy melanin production is increased

Which of the following statements concerning the hypodermis is false? A. The hypodermis attaches the skin to underlying bone and muscle. B. Hypodermis is composed of dense connective tissue with collagen and elastin fibers. C. Hypodermis is referred to as subcutaneous tissue. D. The main cell types of the hypodermis are fibroblasts, fat cells, and macrophages. E. The hypodermis is a site of fat storage.

Hypodermis is composed of dense connective tissue with collagen and elastin fibers

Which cells of the epidermis are part of the immune system? A. keratinocytes B. Langerhans cells C. melanocytes D. fibroblasts E. Merkel cells

Langerhans cells

Which of the following statements concerning the epidermis is true? A. The epidermis contains numerous blood vessels. B. The epidermis is very permeable to water-soluble molecules. C. The epidermis is nourished by blood vessels located in the dermis. D. The most numerous cells in the epidermis are the melanocytes. E. The dermis is superficial to the epidermis.

The epidermis is nourished by blood vessels located in the dermis.

All of the following statements concerning hair are true except one. Identify the exception. A. In pattern baldness, those hair follicles present begin to produce vellus hair. B. Hair growth occurs in cycles, with growth and resting stages. C. Some loss of hair is normal and indicates old hairs are being pushed out by new hairs. D. Genetic factors and testosterone cause pattern baldness. E. The growth rate of all types of hair is the same.

The growth rate of all types of hair is the same

Which of the following statements is true? A. The hair follicle has a hypodermal root sheath. B. Both the hair root and hair shaft contain living cells. C. The matrix forms the hair surface. D. The hair follicle is not associated with sebaceous glands. E. Undamaged hair follicles can help regenerate damaged epithelium.

Undamaged hair follicles can help regenerate damaged epithelium.

Exposure to ultraviolet light causes the skin to darken by stimulating the A. breakdown of carotene. B. breakdown of melanin. C. activity of the keratinocytes. D. activity of the enzyme tyrosinase. E. buildup of bilirubin.

activity of the enzyme tyrosinase.

A genetic disease characterized by the inability to produce melanin is A. cyanosis. B. melanosomes. C. albinism. D. carotene. E. dermatitis.

albinism

If you accidentally cut your arm and see connective tissue and fat, which layer(s) was/were cut? A. stratum corneum B. stratum basale C. dermis D. hypodermis E. all of these layers

all of these layers

Light-skinned races such as Caucasians have A. approximately the same number of melanocytes as races with darker skins. B. more melanocytes than races with darker skins. C. fewer melanocytes than races with darker skins. D. more melanin in their skin. E. a different kind of melanin in their skin.

approximately the same number of melanocytes as races with darker skins

Keratinocytes A. produce skin pigments in cell organelles called melanosomes. B. are responsible for the reduction of water loss from the skin. C. determine thickness of the skin. D. are special cells of the immune system. E. are found in both the dermal and the epidermal layers of the skin.

are responsible for the reduction of water loss from the skin

Which type of skin cancer is the most common? A. Kaposi's sarcoma B. melanoma C. psoriasis D. basal cell carcinoma E. squamous cell carcinoma

basal cell carcinoma

A victim of an automobile accident goes into shock, which results in decreased blood flow. The victim's skin will A. have a reddish hue. B. not change color. C. become bright red. D. become pale. E. develop a yellow tint.

become pale

What will develop when the skin is subjected to excess friction or pressure? A. papillae B. stretch marks C. callus D. melanoma E. carcinoma

callus

A yellow pigment derived from plants that can impart a yellow color to the skin is A. albinism. B. cyanosis. C. carotene. D. dermatitis. E. melanosomes.

carotene.

The stratum basale A. contains cells that undergo meiosis to form new epidermal cells. B. has a mixture of living and dead cells - mostly dead. C. is easily shed when you rub your hands together. D. contains many blood vessels that nourish the epidermis. E. contains cells that undergo mitosis to form new epidermal cells.

contains cells that undergo mitosis to form new epidermal cells.

9. The epidermis A. is composed of loose connective tissue. B. is made up mostly of melanocytes. C. is composed of the reticular and papillary layers. D. is thicker than the dermis. E. contains no blood vessels.

contains no blood vessels

Fingerprints and footprints are produced by projections into the epidermis called A. cleavage lines. B. dermal striae. C. dermal papillae. D. reticular lines. E. melanocytes.

dermal papillae

Which of the following is an inflammatory condition of the skin? A. dermatitis. B. albinism. C. melanosomes. D. carotene. E. cyanosis.

dermatitis

Stretch marks develop on the abdomen of pregnant women because of stretching and rupture of the A. epidermis. B. melanocytes. C. stratum corneum. D. hypodermis. E. dermis.

dermis

The integumentary system has many functions, one of which is A. prevention of albinism. B. detection of heat and touch. C. regulation of acid-base balance. D. production of Vitamin E. E. protection from cancer.

detection of heat and touch.

. Inflammation of the skin is called dermatitis or A. psoriasis. B. vitiligo. C. bullae. D. eczema. E. decubitus ulcer.

eczema

This layer of skin is composed of keratinocytes. A. epidermis B. hypodermis C. papillary layer D. reticular layer E. stretch marks

epidermis

The layer of epithelium that covers the skin is called the A. hypodermis. B. epidermis. C. dermis. D. papillary layer. E. mesodermis.

epidermis.

Melanoma can be detected early and treated with the application of a special rule. Which of the following is NOT a test used to determine if a mole is cancerous? A. freckles B. diameter C. border D. asymmetry E. color

freckles

A subcutaneous injection delivers medication into the A. joint. B. dermis. C. hypodermis. D. muscle. E. epidermis.

hypodermis

This is the site of fat storage in the skin. A. epidermis B. papillary layer C. reticular layer D. hypodermis E. stretch marks

hypodermis

Parallel curving ridges of dermis that shape the overlying epidermis into fingerprints A. improve the grip of the hands. B. are caused by the pattern of the reticular layer of the dermis. C. are associated with thin skin. D. decrease friction on surfaces where they are located. E. tend to make the surface smooth.

improve the grip of the hands.

Melanin A. is transferred to other cells by osmosis. B. is absent in individuals known as albinos. C. is a pigment produced by cells in the stratum corneum. D. makes the skin lighter. E. is increased with exposure to infrared light

is absent in individuals known as albinos

When comparing the dermis with the hypodermis, the dermis A. is a more vascular tissue than the hypodermis. B. and the hypodermis do not contain collagen. C. contains melanocytes; the hypodermis does not. D. is divided into two layers; the hypodermis is not. E. has more fat cells than the hypodermis

is divided into two layers; the hypodermis is not

Thick skin A. has three different epidermal strata. B. has fewer layers of cells in the stratum corneum than thin skin. C. is found in areas subject to pressure or friction such as palms. D. is found covering most of the body. E. is determined by the thickness of the dermis.

is found in areas subject to pressure or friction such as palms.

. Baldness A. occurs only in men. B. is more common in men than in women. C. is not genetic. D. is related to estrogen levels. E. is related to levels of growth hormone.

is more common in men than in women

The dermis A. does not contain connective tissue. B. is divided into three distinct layers. C. functions as padding and insulation. D. contains no blood vessels. E. is responsible for most of the skin's structural strength.

is responsible for most of the skin's structural strength

The skin discoloration most likely to result from liver disease is A. cyanosis. B. jaundice. C. hematoma. D. pallor. E. erythema.

jaundice

What protein is found in the nails, hair, and epidermis? A. keratin B. collagen C. melanin D. elastin E. carotene

keratin

As skin cells move toward the surface of the body, they produce a protein that reduces water loss. This process is called A. desquamation. B. pollination. C. keratinization. D. germination. E. melaninization.

keratinization.

Delicate unpigmented hairs that cover the fetus in early development are called A. terminal hairs. B. secondary hairs. C. primary hairs. D. vellus hairs. E. lanugo hairs.

lanugo hairs

The central axis of the hair is the A. shaft. B. cuticle. C. root. D. medulla. E. hair bulb.

medulla

Melanin is produced only by A. keratinocytes. B. Langerhans cells. C. melanocytes. D. basal cells. E. Merkel's cells.

melanocytes

The vesicles that contain melanin are A. cyanosis. B. carotene. C. dermatitis. D. albinism. E. melanosomes.

melanosomes

. Keratinization A. occurs in the dermis. B. produces a layer of cells that resist abrasion. C. determines skin color. D. results in the formation of new epidermal cells. E. does not affect permeability characteristics of the epidermis

produces a layer of cells that resist abrasion.

Which of the following functions is associated with the skin? A. fat production B. protection against ultraviolet radiation of the sun C. vitamin A production D. regulation of body pH E. vitamin C production

protection against ultraviolet radiation of the sun

A malfunction of the process of keratinization results in the condition known as A. acne. B. psoriasis. C. jaundice. D. cyanosis. E. impetigo.

psoriasis

This condition is characterized by a thicker-than-normal stratus corneum producing large silvery scales. A. eczema B. psoriasis C. vitiligo D. decubitus ulcer E. bullae

psoriasis

The length of hair is determined by the A. size of the hair bulb. B. age of the person. C. length of the resting stage. D. angle of the hair root. E. rate of hair growth.

rate of hair growth.

This is the main fibrous layer of the dermis. A. hypodermis B. stretch marks C. reticular layer D. papillary layer E. epidermis

reticular layer

Vitamin C is essential for normal collagen synthesis. If a child suffered from a vitamin C deficiency, which layer of the skin would be most affected? A. epidermis B. stratum basale C. stratum corneum D. stratum granulosum E. reticular layer of dermis

reticular layer of dermis

The portion of the hair below the surface of the skin is the A. medulla. B. shaft. C. cuticle. D. root. E. hair bulb.

root

Adipose tissue in the hypodermis A. provides protection against infection. B. serves as a storage site for fat, which can be used for energy. C. connects the dermis with the epidermis. D. is absent in infants. E. helps to lower body temperature.

serves as a storage site for fat, which can be used for energy.

That portion of the hair that extends above the surface of the skin is the A. cuticle. B. hair bulb. C. root. D. medulla. E. shaft.

shaft

. The layer of the epidermis in which there is the greatest amount of mitotic activity. A. stratum granulosum B. stratum corneum C. stratum lucidum D. stratum spinosum E. stratum basale

stratum basale

The layer of epidermis that undergoes mitosis and forms new epidermal cells is the A. stratum lucidum. B. stratum granulosum. C. stratum basale. D. stratum corneum. E. stratum dermum.

stratum basale

25. Which of the following represents the correct order of the layers of the epidermis from the deepest to the most superficial? A. stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum B. stratum basale, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum spinosum, and stratum corneum C. stratum spinosum, stratum basale, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum, and stratum granulosum D. stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum corneum, stratum basale, and stratum spinosum E. stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum

The term "stratum germinativum" is sometimes used to refer to the A. stratum granulosum. B. stratum basale. C. stratum lucidum. D. stratum spinosum. E. stratum corneum.

stratum basale.

Excessive shedding of this layer of the epidermis of the scalp is responsible for dandruff. A. stratum corneum B. stratum basale C. stratum lucidum D. stratum granulosum E. stratum spinosum

stratum corneum

This stratum contains many layers of dead squamous cells. A. stratum lucidum B. stratum spinosum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum basale E. stratum corneum

stratum corneum

In which layer of the epidermis are granules of keratohyalin formed? A. stratum basale B. stratum granulosum C. stratum spinosum D. stratum corneum E. stratum lucidum

stratum granulosum

Thin skin has only four epithelial strata. It lacks which of the following? A. stratum basale B. stratum granulosum C. stratum spinosum D. stratum lucidum E. stratum corneum

stratum lucidum

This layer is found only in thick skin. A. stratum corneum B. stratum granulosum C. stratum lucidum D. stratum basale E. stratum spinosum

stratum lucidum

Which layer of the epidermis is found in only a few areas of the body? A. stratum lucidum B. stratum spinosum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum corneum E. stratum basale

stratum lucidum

In which layer of the epidermis are lamellar bodies formed inside keratinocytes? A. stratum corneum B. stratum spinosum C. stratum granulosum D. stratum basale E. stratum lucidum

stratum spinosum

This epidermal stratum has several layers of cells held together by desmosomes. A. stratum granulosum B. stratum spinosum C. stratum lucidum D. stratum basale E. stratum corneum

stratum spinosum

Rupturing the dermis may cause these to develop. A. reticular layer B. papillary layer C. hypodermis D. epidermis E. stretch marks

stretch marks

At birth the hairs of the scalp, eyelids, and eyebrows are replaced by coarser pigmented hairs called A. lanugo hairs. B. primary hairs. C. pubic hairs. D. vellus hairs. E. terminal hairs.

terminal hairs

The blue color of superficial blood vessels results from A. a lack of oxygen in the blood. B. the light-scattering properties of collagen. C. the superficial location of skin pigments. D. an increase in arterial blood circulating in the area. E. a lack of melanin in the area.

the light-scattering properties of collagen

This condition involves the development of white patches on the skin caused by the loss of melanocytes. A. psoriasis B. decubitus ulcer C. eczema D. bullae E. vitiligo

vitiligo