chapter 6

Amnesia is frequently seen in murder cases with _____ percent of people arrested for homicide claiming to have amnesia.

25-45

Which of the following is a reason an individual may develop dissociative identity disorder?

As a strategy to cope with traumas

Which of the following is the most common contributor to dissociative identity disorder?

Chronic physical or sexual abuse during childhood

Which of the following somatic symptom disorders is considered to be the most dramatic due to symptoms like, blindness, seizures, loss or hearing, and mutism?

Conversion disorder

Which of the following dissociative disorders is characterized by a person developing one or more distinct personalities?

Dissociative identity disorder

Which of the following is a treatment goal for dissociative identity disorder?

Helping the client work through the trauma to integrate all the alternative personalities into one coherent personality

Which of the following statements is true of psychogenic amnesia?

It involves memory loss that is limited to personal information.

Which of the following is true of organic amnesia?

Organic amnesia is caused by brain injury.

Which of the following is true of dissociative identity disorder (DID)?

People diagnosed with DID claim to have significant periods of amnesia.

The idea that dissociation is a process in which systems of ideas are split off from consciousness but are accessible through dreams and hypnosis was conceptualized by _____.

Pierre Janet

In the context of the theories of conversion disorder, which of the following best describes secondary gain?

The attention and sympathy received as a result of the conversion symptoms

Which of the following is the most common alter found in dissociative identity disorder?

The child

Which of the following statements is true of conversion disorder?

The conversion symptom develops after a trauma or psychological stressor.

Which of the following is considered to be the most dangerous alter found in dissociative identity disorder?

The persecutor

Which of the following represents one of the difficulties in diagnosing somatic symptom disorders?

The person may have a real physical problem that is difficult to detect

Which of the following explains why dissociative identity disorder was not diagnosed before 1980?

There was no such diagnostic category in the DSM-II

One complication that arises in diagnosing amnesias is the possibility that:

amnesias are being faked by people to escape punishment for crimes committed.

In the treatment of somatic symptom and pain disorder, _____ attempt to determine and eliminate the reinforcements individuals receive for their symptoms, while increasing positive rewards for healthy behavior.

behavioral therapies

Freyd and colleagues (2007) suggest that individuals who dissociate from, and forget, their abusive experiences are most likely to perform differently from other individuals on _____ that require divided attention.

cognitive tasks

Loftus's "lost at the mall" studies showed how easy it is to _____.

create a false memory

Experiences of unreality or detachment with respect to surroundings are typical of individuals diagnosed with:

derealization disorder

Somatic symptoms and dissociative disorders are considered by some theorists to be the result of a psychological process known as _____, in which different parts of an individual's identity, memories, or consciousness split off from one another.

dissociation

Repressed memories represent a form of _____.

dissociative amnesia

Steven left his home abruptly without taking any of his belongings. He relocated to a nearby town. Several months later he returned to his old home with no memory of his absence. Steven would most likely be diagnosed with _____.

dissociative fugue

Verna has no idea how she ended up in her current surroundings. She feels comfortable, and is not bothered by the fact that she cannot remember her past. Most likely, Verna is experiencing a(n) _____.

dissociative fugue

Janet has been diagnosed with dissociative fugue. She is typically likely to:

experience autobiographical memory loss.

Korsakoff's syndrome is characterized by:

global retrograde amnesia associated with severe alcohol consumption.

People with conversion disorder:

have an inability to cope with distress or trauma in adaptive ways.

Many courts deny the use of hypnosis in the case of dissociative amnesia because of the possibility that:

hypnosis will "create" memories through the power of suggestion.

It was observed during the two world wars that many soldiers would inexplicably become paralyzed or blind and therefore were unable to return to the front. Most of them seemed unconcerned about their paralysis or blindness. This phenomenon is known as _____.

la belle indifference

Dissociative identity disorder was formerly known as _____.

multiple personality disorder

The main difference between the amnesia in dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue is that:

people with dissociative fugue typically leave home and create a new life for themselves in another area, while people with dissociative amnesia do not take flight and create new identities.

Amnesia is categorized as either _____ or _____.

psychogenic; organic

People diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder frequently have periods of all of the following EXCEPT _____.

psychotic disorders

The inability to remember information from the past is known as _____.

retrograde amnesia

When retrograde amnesia is due to organic causes, people will typically remember:

their personal identities.

For most people, the active mode and receptive mode:

weave our experiences together so seamlessly that we do not notice any division between them.