Chapter 6

tonoplast

found in plant cells only

nucleoid

found in prokaryotic cells only

one of the main energy transformers of cells

mitochondrion

Which of the following is capable of converting light energy to chemical A) chloroplasts B) mitochondria C) leucoplasts D) peroxisomes E) Golgi bodies

A) chloroplasts

Which of the following is not a part of the endomembrane system? A)mitochondria B) Golgi apparatus C ) rough endoplasmic reticulum D)lysosomes E) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A) mitochondria

Cells can be described as having a cytoskeleton of internal structures that contribute to the shape, organization, and movement of the cell. All of the following are part of the cytoskeleton except A) the cell wall. B) microtubules. C)microfilaments. D) intermediate filaments. E) actin.

A) the cell wall.

Which of the following processes a microtubular structure similar to a basal body? A)centriole B) lysosome C) nucleolus D) peroxisome E) ribosome

A)centriole

A biologist ground up some plant cells and then centrifuged the mixture. She obtained some organelles from the sediment in the test tube. The organelles took up Co2 and gave off O2. The organelles are most likely A)chloroplasts. B) ribosomes. C) nuclei. D) mitochondria. E) Golgi apparatuses

A)chloroplasts

Of the following, which cell structure would most likely be visible with a light microscope that had been manufactured to the maximum resolving power possible? A)mitochondrion B) microtubule C) ribosome D) largest microfilament E) nuclear pore

A)mitochondrion

Most of a eukaryotic cell's genes are found in the A)nucleus B) peroxisome. C) mitochondrion. D) flagellum. E ) lysosome .

A)nucleus

Which structure is the site of the synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the cell? A)rough ER B) lysosomes C) plasmodesmata D) Golgi vesicles E) tight junctions

A)rough ER

Which of the following is not a known function of the cytoskeleton? A)to maintain a critical limit on cell size B) to provide mechanical support to the сеll C) to maintain characteristic shape of the cell D) to hold mitochondria and other organelles in place within the cytosol E) to assist in cell motility by interacting with specialized motor proteins

A)to maintain a critical limit on cell size

Fraction number 4

A. Ribosomes

plasma membrane

A. a feature of all cells

contains hydrolytic enzymes

A. lysosome

helps to recycle the cell's organic material

A. lysosome

involved in Pompe's disease, in which the liver is damaged by an accumulation of glycogen due to the absence of an enzyme needed to break down glycogen

A. lysosome

Which of the following organelles is least closely associated with the endomembrane system? A) nuclear envelope B ) chloroplast C) Golgi apparatus D) plasma membrane E) ER

B ) chloroplast

and eukaryotic cells attributable to the correct distinction between prokaryotic Which of the following statements is a absence of a prokaryotic cytoskeleton? A) Compartmentalized organelles are found only in eukaryotic cells. B) Cytoplasmic streaming is not observed in prokaryotes. C)Only eukaryotic cells are capable of movement. D) Prokaryotic cells are usually 10 mm or less in diameter E) Only the eukaryotic cell concentrates its genetic material in a region separate from the rest of the cell.

B) Cytoplasmic streaming is not observed in prokaryotes.

All of the following are associated with the extracellular matrix of animal cells except A)collagen. B) cellulose. C)fibronectins D)fintegrins. E) proteoglucans

B) cellulose

Grana, thylakoids, and stroma are all components found in A) cilia and flagella. B) chloroplasts C)mitochondria. D) lysosomes. E) nuclei.

B) chloroplasts

In animal cells, hydrolytic enzymes are packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components. Which of the following organelles functions in this compartmentalization? A)chloroplast B) lysosomes C) central vacuole D) peroxisome E) glyoxysome

B) lysosomes

Which of the following components is present in a prokaryotic cell? A) mitochondria B) ribosomes C) nuclear envelope D) chloroplasts E) ER

B) ribosomes

1) What limits the resolving power of a light microscope? A) the type of lens used to magnify the bject under study B) the shortest wavelength of light to illuminate the specimen C) the type of lens that focuses a beam of electrons through the specimen D) the type of heavy metal dye that is used to stain the specimen E) the ratio of an object's image to its real size Answer:

B) the shortest wavelength of light to illuminate the specimen

Which of the following relationships between cell structures and their respective functions is not correct? A)cell wall: support, protection B)chloroplasts chief site of cellular respiration C) chromosomes: genetic control information D) ribosomes: site of protein synthesis E) mitochondria: formation of ATP

B)chloroplasts chief site of cellular respiration

The types of cell junctions found in plant cells are called A) tight junctions B)plasmodesmata. C) communicating junctions D) anchoring junctions. E) desmosomes.

B)plasmodesmata.

What structure is often deposited in several laminated layers and has a strong and durable matrix that affords the cells protection and support? A) primary cell wall B)secondary cell wall C) middle lamella D) glycocalyx E) tonoplast

B)secondary cell wall

Fraction number 3

B. Microsomes

Choose the statement that correctly characterizes bound ribosomes. A) Bound ribosomes are enclosed in their own membrane. B) Bound ribosomes are structurally different from free ribosomes C) Bound ribosomes generally synthesize membrane proteins and secretory proteins. D) The most common location for bound ribosomes is the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane. E) Bound ribosomes are concentrated in the cisternal space of rough ER

C) Bound ribosomes generally synthesize membrane proteins and secretory proteins.

9) Which of the following are prokaryotic cells? A) plants B) fungi C) bacteria animals E) both B and C

C) bacteria

Cells would be unable to form cilia or flagella if they do not have A) rlbosomes. B) chloroplasts. C) centrioles. D)plastids. E) actin.

C) centrioles.

The symptoms of a certain inherited disorder in humans include respiratory problems and, in males, sterility. Which of the following is a reasonable hypothesis for the molecular basis of this disorder? A) a defective enzyme in the mitochondria B) defective actin molecules in cellular microfilaments C) defective dynein molecules in cilia and flagella D) abnormal hydrolytic enzymes in the ysosomes E) a defective secretory protein

C) defective dynein molecules in cilia and flagella

Plasmodesmata in plant cells are most similar in function to which of the following structures in animal cells? A) peroxisomes B) desmosomes C) gap junctions D)glycocalyx E) tight junctions

C) gap junctions

Which of the following pairs s mismatched? A)nucleolus-ribosomal B)RNA ucleus-DNA replication C) lysosome-protein synthesis D) cell membrane-lipid bilayer E) cytoskeleton-microtubules

C) lysosome-protein synthesis

Which of these is not a component of the endomembrane system? A) endoplasmic reticulum B) transport vesicles C) mitochondria D) nuclear envelope E) Golgi apparatus

C) mitochondria

Which type of cell would probably provide the best opportunity to study lysosomes? A) muscle cell B) nerve cell C) phagocytic white blood cell D) leaf cell of a plant E) bacterial cell

C) phagocytic white blood cell

Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize producing which of the following molecules? A) lipids B) starches C) proteins D) steroids E) glucose

C) proteins

Which type of organelle is primarily involved in the synthesis of oils, phospholipids, and steroids? A) ribosomes B) Lysosomes C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum D) mitochondria E) contractile vacuoles

C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

When biologists wish to study the internal ultrastructure of cells, they most likely would use A) a light microscope. B) a scanning electron microscope. C)a transmission electronic microscope. D) both A and C E) A, B, and C.

C)a transmission electronic microscope.

When a potassium ion (K+) passes from the soil into the vacuole of a root cell, it encounters some cellular barriers. Which of the following is the most direct path the Kt would take through these barriers? A) secondary cell wall plasma membrane thylakoid B) primary cell wall secondary cell wall tonoplast C)primary cell wall plasma membrane - tonoplast D ) cell wall → plasma membrane → tonoplast grana E) cell wall- plasma membrane- grana

C)primary cell wall plasma membrane - tonoplast

Fraction number 5

C. Supernatant

contains its own DNA and ribosomes

C.mitochonrian

Which of the following arrangement of microtubules? contain the 9+2 A) cilia B) centrioles C) flagella D) A and C only E) A, B, and C

D) A and C only

A cell lacking the ability to make and secrete glycoproteins would most likely be deficient in its A) nuclear DNA B) extracellular matrix. C)Golgi apparatus. D) B and C only E) A, B, and C.

D) B and C only

To which structure would you assign the function of secretion activities leading, for example, to the formation of a new cell wall in plants? A) smooth ER B) lysosomes C) plasmodesmata D) Golgi vesicles E) tight junctions

D) Golgi vesicles

An animal secretory cell and a photosynthetic leaf cell are similar in all of the following ways except A) They both have a Golgi apparatus. B) They both have mitochondria. C)They both have transport proteins for active transport of ions. D) They both have chloroplasts. E)They both have a cell membrane.

D) They both have chloroplasts.

Which of the following organelles is common to plant and animal cells? A) chloroplasts B) wall made of cellulose C) tonoplast D) mitochondria E) centrioles

D) mitochondria

A bacterial cel's DNA is found in its A) ribosomes. B) nucleus. C)peroxisome. D) nucleoid region.

D) nucleoid region

Of the following, which is probably the most common route for membrane flow in the endomembrane system? A ) Golgi- , lysosome → ER → plasma membrane B ) tonoplast → plasma membrane → nuclear envelope smooth ER C ) nuclear envelope → lysosome → Golgi plasma membrane D) rough ER- vesicles + Golgi- plasma membrane chloroplasts E) ER-chloroplasts-mitochondrion- cell membrane

D) rough ER- vesicles - Golgi- plasma membrane

A primary objective of cell fractionation is A) to view the structure of cell membranes. B) to identify the enzymes outside the organelles. C) to determine the size of various organelles D) to separate the major organelles so their particular functions can be determined. E) to crack the cell wall so the cytoplasmic contents can be released.

D) to separate the major organelles so their particular functions can be determined.

Cells of the radioactively pancreas will incorporate labeled amino acids into proteins. This "tagging" of newly synthesized proteins enables a researcher to track the location of these proteins in a cell. In thi s case, we are tracking an enzyme that is eventually secreted by pancreatic cells. Which of the following is the most likely pathway for movement of this protein in the cell? A)ER Golgi nucleus B ) Golgi- + ER lysosome C) nucleus ER Golgi D)ER Golgivesicles that fuse with plasma membrane E) ER lysosomes vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

D)ER Golgivesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

Organelles that contain DNA include A) ribosomes. B) mitochondria. C) cholorplasts D)Only B and C are correct. E)A, B, and C are correct.

D)Only B and C are correct.

A cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes plasma membrane, and mitochondria. It could be a cell from A) a bacterium. B) an animal, but not a plant. C) a plant, but not an animal. D)a plant or an animal. E) any kind of organism.

D)a plant or an animal.

Which of these structures is unique to plant cells? A) mitochondrion B) peroxisome C) flagellum D)central vacuale E) nucleoid region

D)central vacuale

The extracellular matrix is thought to participate in regulation of animal cell behavior by communicating via A) lipoproteins in the membrane. B) the nucleus. C) DNA and RNA. D)integrins E) plasmodesmata.

D)integrins

secretes many polysaccharides

D. Golgi apparatus

fraction number 1

D. nuclei

Which of the following intercellular junctions are common in epithelial tissue? A) tight junctions B) desmosomes C) gap junctions D) both A and B E) A, B, and C

E) A, B, and C

Of the following what do both mitochondria and chloroplasts have in ommon? A) ATP is produced. B) DNA is present. C) Ribosomes are present. D) Only B and C are correct. E) A,B, and C are correct

E) A,B, and C are correct

Which of the following structure - function pairs is mismatched? A)nucleolus; ribosome production B) lysosome; intracellular digestion C) ribosome; protein synthesis D) Golgi; secretion of cell products E) microtubules; muscle contraction

E) microtubules; muscle contraction

Which of the following does not contain functional ribosomes? A)a prokaryotic cel B) a plant mitochondrion C) a chloroplast D) an animal mitochondrion E) à nucleolus

E) à nucleolus

Microfilaments are well known for their role in which of the following? A) ameboid movement B) formation of cleavage furrows C) contracting of muscle cells D) A and B only E)A, B, and C

E)A, B, and C

Which of the following is not found in a prokaryotic cell? A)DNA B) cell wall C) plasma membrane D)ribosomes E)endoplasmic reticulum

E)endoplasmic reticulum

Ions can travel directly from the cytoplasm of one animal cell to the cytoplasm of an adjacent cell through A) plasmodesmata B) intermediate filaments. C) tight junctions. D) desmosomes E)gap junctions

E)gap junctions

Which of the following cell components is not directly involved in synthesis or secretion A)ribosomes B)rough endoplasmnic reticulum C) Golgi bodies D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum E)lysosome

E)lysosome

All of the structures listed below are associated with movement in cells or by cells except A) cilia. B) dynein. C) myosin. D) flagella E)peroxisomes.

E)peroxisomes.

Fraction number 2

E. Mitochondria

contains enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen, producing H202

E. peroxisome

detoxifies alcohol in the liver

E. peroxisome