chapter 6 --> environmental science

biomes that are located between 30* north latitude and 30* south latitude might be

tropical rain forests

which biome has the largest number of species

tropical rain forests

which of the biomes receives 200 to 450 cm of rain per year?

tropical rain forests

a biome that has a large amount of rainfall, high temperatures and poor soil is a

tropical rainforest

which biome is the wettest?

tropical rainforest

permafrost can be found in which of the following?

tundra

which biome is the coldest?

tundra

which of the following biomes has been affected by human activity ?

tundra, chaparral, and temperate grassland

when does climate get colder?

when either latitude or altitude increases

As you walk through the forest on a chilly day, you can hear the fallen leaves crunch underfoot. This forest is located

at about 40* north latitude

on page 157, know figure 3.5. she said it will be on test. know the cm, soil, and names. click: okay

okay

where do epiphytes grow?

on the sides of trees. (example: moss)

what are three characteristics of tropical rainforests

rain, temperature, and temperature

migration of animals in the savanna is mostly a response to

rainfall

climate

refers to the weather conditions, such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, and winds that occur in an area over a long period of time

describe how savannas differ from temperate grassland

savannas have scattered trees here and there, while grasslands have only a thick density of grass and do not have trees

Biomes with higher temperatures and less precipitation tend to have

shorter and less dense vegetation

what are the adaptations that plants have in a particular biome?

size, shape, and how they manage water

temperate deciduous forests

trees drop their broad, flat leaves each fall. these forests once dominated vase regions of earth, including parts of north america, europe, and asia

approximately what percentage of earth's species do tropical rainforests contain

50%

what do temperate grassland vegetation consist of?

grasses and wildflowers

canopy

Dense covering formed by the leafy tops of tall rain forest trees

emergent layer

The tallest layer of the rain forest that receives the most sunlight. can reach heights of 60 to 70 cm

tundra

a biome that is located in northern arctic regions. the winter is too cold and dry to permit the growth of trees in this biome

biome

a large region characterized by a specific type of climate and certain type of plants and animal communities

chaparral

a temperate shrubland biome that is found in all parts of the world with a mediterranean climate. these areas are moderately dry, coastal climates, with little or no rain in the summer

conifer

a tree with needle like leaves and seeds that develop on cones

savanna

a tropical biome dominated by grasses, shrubs, and small trees.

tropical rain forest

always humid and warm and get about 200 to 450 cm of rain a year. they help regulate world climate and play vital roles in the nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon cycles

deserts

areas that have widely scattered vegetation and receive very little rain. in extreme cases, there is no rain and no vegetation

understory

below the canopy, very little light reaches this level

what type of light does the emergent layer get?

bright light

spadefoot toads survive the dry conditions of the desert by

burrowing themselves in the ground

How are biomes described?

by their vegetation because the plants that grow in a certain region are the most noticeable characteristics of that region

what is a common adaptation of chaparral

camouflage, which is shape or coloring that allows an animal to blend into its environment

the tundra is most suitable to a vertebrate that

can migrate hundreds of kilometers each summer

which of the following is located primarily in coastal areas with Mediterranean climates?

chaparral

which of the following best describes the relationship among latitude, altitude, and climate?

climate becomes colder as you move up a mountain

the most common types of plants in the taiga biome are

coniferous trees

temperate grassland

covers large areas of the interior of continents, where there is moderate rainfall but trees and shrubs cannot be established because there is not enough rain or fires are too frequent

which biome is located b/w 30* and 60* latitude?

grasslands

describe two ways in which tropical rainforests of the world are being threatened

deforestation and exotic animal trade

what type of light does the understory layer get?

dense light

which biome is the driest?

desert

describe how a plant survives the change of seasons in a temperate deciduous forest.

drop leaves and goes dormant

what type of light does the canopy layer get?

filtered light

why are periodic fires important?

fires are an important part of temperate grassland ecosystems. burns away old life to create new life

animal species of the tropical rainforest ....

have adaptations that minimize competition

permafrost

in arctic regions, the permanently frozen layer of soil or subsoil

when does habitat destruction occur?

it occurs when land inhabited by an organism is destroyed or altered

the distance north or south of the equator, as measured in degrees is. called....

latitude

you are walking through a forest that receives relatively little rainfall and has acidic soil. this forest is located in a region

near the arctic circle

you are walking through a forest with the greatest species diversity. this forest is located in a region

near the equator

temperate rain forests

occur in North america, australia, and new zealand. have large amounts of precipitation, high humidity, and moderate temperatures

what adaptations do desert animals have to help them survive?

sweat glands and burrowing

which biome is just below the arctic circle?

taiga

which biome has the most fertile soil?

temperate grassland

which of the following receives about 25 cm of rain per year

temperate grassland

which biome contains large trees

temperate rainforest

the main factor that determines what type of plants grow in a biome is

temperature and precipitation

the two main factors that determine where organisms live are

temperature and precipitation

latitude

the distance north and south of the equator and is measured in degrees with the equator equal to 0 degrees

altitude

the height of an object above sea level

animals such as pronghorn antelope, bison, and badgers dot the landscape. where are these animals located?

the north american prairie

taiga

the northern coniferous forests that stretches in a broad band across the northern hemisphere just below the arctic circle.

you are walking through a forest that gets large amounts of rain, has high humidity, and has moderate temperatures year- round. where is this forest located?

the pacific northwest