Chapter 6-Mastering Biology

Which of the following correctly matches an organelle with its function? nucleus ... cellular respiration lysosome ... movement mitochondrion ... photosynthesis central vacuole ... storage ribosome ... manufacture of lipids

central vacuole ... storage But remember, plant cells have a central vacuole, whereas most animal cells have several smaller vacuoles located throughout the cytoplasm.

Thylakoids, DNA, and ribosomes are all components found in _____.

chloroplasts

Which domains of life are classified as prokaryotes?

Bacteria and Archaea

Which of the following frequently imposes a limit on cell size?

ratios of surface area to volume

The structure that regulates the passage of material into and out of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter _____.

C-the plasma membrane

What name is given to the rigid structure, found outside the plasma membrane, that surrounds and supports the bacterial cell?

Cell Wall The cell wall is a rigid supporting structure

_____ are surface appendages that allow a bacterium to stick to a surface.

Fimbriae enable bacterial cells to stick to a surface.

The _____ is the bacterial structure that acts as a selective barrier, allowing nutrients to enter the cell and wastes to leave the cell.

Plasma Membrane The plasma membrane is selectively permeable

Which one of the following statements about the endomembrane system is correct?

Proteins that will be secreted from the cell are likely to be found in closed spaces bounded by membranes of the endomembrane system.

Which of the following are found in plant, animal, and bacterial cells?

Ribosomes

Which statement correctly describes the nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell?

The nuclear envelope is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum.

The DNA-containing region of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter _____.

The nucleoid region contains DNA.

Motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with what types of cellular structures?

components of the cytoskeleton

Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells?

mitochondrion

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

mitochondrion

Where is a bacterial cell's DNA found?

nucleoid region -Bacteria lack a nucleus; their DNA is found in the nucleoid region.

Mitochondria are found in _____.

plant and animal cells All eukaryotic cells, including plant and animal cells, contain mitochondria.

A cell with a predominance of rough endoplasmic reticulum is most likely ________.

producing large quantities of proteins for secretion

What is a function of a bacterium's capsule?

protection -A bacterium's capsule has a protective role.

Examination of a cell by transmission electron microscopy reveals a high density of ribosomes in the cytoplasm. This observation suggests that this cell is actively producing large amounts of which of the following molecules?

proteins

In a bacterium, where are proteins synthesized?

ribosomes -Ribosomes are involved in the manufacture of polypeptides (proteins).

The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following structures is primarily involved in this process and, therefore, abundant in liver cells?

smooth endoplasmic reticulum