Chapter 6 Practice

The USDA Food Patterns sorts protein foods into three subgroups. The total recommended intake of seafood should be about .

20 percent

The protein RDA for adults is 0.8 grams per kilogram of healthy body weight per day. A woman weighs 60 kg and her weight falls within the normal range for her height. How much protein (in grams) should she consume in one day?

48 grams of protein

The protein RDA for a healthy adult who weighs 180 pounds is:

65 grams/day.

Inactivates foreign invaders

antibody

Most proteins are broken down into their amino acids __________ absorption in the small intestine.

before

If an essential amino acid that is needed to make a protein is unavailable, the cells must:

break down proteins to obtain it.

Proteins that maintain the acid-base balance of the blood and body fluids by accepting and releasing hydrogen ions are:

buffers.

In the stomach, hydrochloric acid:

denatures proteins and activates pepsin.

Which of the following foods provides the highest quality protein?

egg

Facilitates chemical reactions

enzyme

The area of study that examines how environmental factors influence gene expression without changing the DNA is known as:

epigenetics.

lysine valine methionine

essential amino acids

Isoleucine, leucine, and lysine are:

essential amino acids.

Which part of its chemical structure differentiates one amino acid from another?

its side group

Like carbohydrates and lipids, proteins are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. However, they also contain atoms

nitrogen

cysteine

nonessential amino acid

Transcription occurs in the_________ and translation occurs in the________ .

nucleus; cytoplsm

Which of these foods has the least protein per cup?

orange juice

In the stomach, hydrochloric acid denatures proteins and activates .

pepsin

protein making machines and are composed of RNA and protein.

ribosomes

The part of the chemical structure that differentiates one amino acid from another is its .

side group

Provides strength and shape to skin

structure protein

Protein turnover describes the amount of protein:

synthesized and degraded.