Chapter 6&8

Mammary glands are modified _____________ sweat glands and can be found in the _______________

Apocrine; Breasts

_________________ arises from the deepest layer of the skin's ______________ and rarely metastasizes.

Basal cell carcinoma; Epidermis

The ossicles serve as attachment sites of several muscles that control the mandible, tongue, and larynx.

FALSE

When you make a fist, your finger joints move at __________________ in the skin on the anterior surface of the hand, where the skin is bound to deeper tissues.

Flexion creases

Which of the following is considered a skin marking?

Flexion lines Friction ridges Hemangioma

Which of the following statements is true about burn treatment?

Fluid replacement and infection control are the most critical aspects of emergency care for severe burns; A patient may lose up to 75% of the blood plasma within hours; Skin grafts are often required for third degree burns

______________ are flat, melanized patches that vary with heredity and sun exposure.

Freckles

A reddish birthmark made of benign tumors of capillaries is called a(n) _____________________

Hemangioma

Which of the following is not a type of hair? Lanugo

Keratin

___________ arises from pigment-producing _____________ and is the deadliest form of skin cancer if it spreads.

Melanoma; melanocytes

Which of the following is true regarding mammary glands?

Men do not have mammary glands; Mammary glands produce a modified form of sebum that turns into milk; When not lactating, mammary glands secrete sweat to help regulate body temperature.

________________ are elevated patches of melanized skin

Moles

Basal cell carcinoma

Most common type, seldom spreads to other tissues, arises from the deepest layer of the epidermis

Vibrissa

Protects the ear from foreign particles, shields the eye from windblown debris

ceruminous

Secretes earwax, coats guard hairs to improve their performance, simple coiled tubular glands, waterproofs the ear canal

Sebaceous

Secretes sebum, usually opens up into a hair follicle, coats the scalp with oil, blockage and infection can cause pimples

Because it houses many nerve endings and sensory organs, the skin is vitally involved with

Sensation

Beard, public, & axillary hair

Signals sexually maturity, transmits pheromones

_______________________ arises from the ________________ of the stratum spinosum and sometimes spreads to the lymph nodes.

Squamous cell carcinoma;keratinocytes

Which of the following sutures connects the greatest number of bones?

Squamous suture

At birth, there are about 270, and even more bones form during childhood. With age, however, the number decreases as separate bones gradually fuse.

TRUE

Choose the INCORRECT statement regarding the development of the skull from infancy through childhood.

The skull reaches about three-quarters its adult size by age 1.

Choose the INCORRECT statement regarding the general features of the vertebral column.

The vertebral column consists of a chain of 30 vertebrae with intervertebral discs of fibrocartilage between most of them.

Through vasodilation in times of excessive heat, and vasoconstriction during times of cold, the blood flow to the dermis aids the body through .

Thermoregulation

third degree burn

all of the dermis is affected, skin grafts may be needed, sometimes muscles and bones are destroyed

squamous cell carcinoma

arises from superficial cells of the epidermis, raised reddened scaly appearance, can spread from the keraninocytes to the lymph nodes

dendritic cells

cells of the lymphatic system, phagocytes that ingest pathogens of the epidermis

melanoma

deadliest skin cancer, arises from cells that protect from UV light, least common type, caused by mutations commonly found in moles

The milk travels through _________ and out of the __________ for efficient conveyance to the newborn.

ducts; nipple

Terminal

eyebrows, eyelashes, scalp, armpit and public hair, male facial hair

lower limb

femur, patella fibula, tibia, tarsus

merocrine glands

found over entire body, thermoregulation, abundant on hands, feet, and forehead

Fingerprints are caused by __________________

friction ridges

upper limb

humerous, ulna, radius, carpus, metacarpal bones

Males do not have mammary glands because they are only found in _______________ and pregnant women.

lactating

Scalp hair

makes up for a lack of insulation in the cranium, protects from the most direct rays of sunlight

Mammary glands produce ____________ so a mother can nourish a newly born infant.

milk

lanugo

mostly found on a fetus, replaced by velllus

Apocrine Glands

not active until puberty, secretes pheromones, found in pubic and axillary areas, scent is meant to attract a mate

sebaceous glands

oil producing, holocrine, secrete products via apoptosis, secrete products mostly onto hair follicles

Second degree burn

part of the dermis is involved severe sunburns and many scalds

Skeletal muscle attachments to facial structures produce a wide variety of expressions and ________________________ with other individuals.

produce nonverbal communication

Tactile cell

receptors for touch, cells associated with nervous system function

both apocrine and merocrine

secrete sweat, use myoepithelial cells to secrete, utilize ducts to realize sweat

first degree burn

seldom leaves scars causes redness, slight edema, and pain may heal in a few days

Sudoriferous Glands

sweat secreting, merocrine, secrete products via exocytosis, apocrine, secrete directly onto the skin surface, secretions are 99% water and slightly acidic ph

vellus

90% of the hair on females, most of the hair on children, only 10%of hair on men