Chapter 7
2 pyruvate molecules
glycolysis breaks down glucose into
cytosol
glycolysis occurs in the
NAD+
glycolysis slows down due to a depletion of
NADH and FADH2
high-energy electrons used for oxi. phos.
mitochondrial
in eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the ______ matrix
breakdown of pyruvate, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
in eukaryotic cells,which of the following metabolic pathways occur in the mitochondria?
plasma membrane
oxidative phosphorlyation occur in
cellular respiration
the metabolic reactions that a cell uses to get energy from good molecules and release waste products are collectively called
1. glycolysis 2. breakdown of pyruvate 3. citric acid cycle 4. oxidative phosphorlyation
4 steps in cellular respiration
glycolysis and citric acid cycle
amino acids can be broken down for what metabolic pathways?
substrate-level phosphorylation
an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from an organic molecule to ADP
oxygen and glucose
consider the net equation of cellular respiration, which molecules would be reactants
chemiosmosis
during the process of _____, energy stored in a proton gradient is used to synthesize ATP from ADP and a phosphate group
pyruvate, NADH, ATP
end products of glycolysis
anaerobic
environment that lacks oxygen
oxygen
fermentation and anaerobic respiration metabolizes organic molecules in the absence of what molecule?
production of ATP
function of oxidative phosphorylation
cristae
invaginations of the inner mitochondrial membrane that increase its surface area are called
ATP
main product of cellular respiration
FADH, carbon dioxide, ATP, NADH
products of citric acid cycle
NADH, FADH, ATP
three energy intermediates produced during cellular respiration
covalent bonds
what bonds in glucose store large amounts of energy
NADH is oxidized into NAD+, pyruvate is reduced to lactate
what happens during the fermentation reactions that occur in muscle cells?
oxygen
what molecule is the final electron acceptor in their electron transport chains?
lactate and ethanol
what organic molecules are produced by fermentation?
fermentation
what type of pathway produces ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation without any oxidation of organic molecules?