Chapter 7 quiz

What is the scientific term that describes the nervous system's role in the contract/relax relationship between agonists and antagonists? 1. Stretch-shortening cycle 2. Length-tension relationship 3. Reciprocal inhibition 4. Muscle imbalance

Reciprocal inhibition

Improved performance during a plyometric jump is dependent upon which of the following? 1. Prolonged amortization phase 2. Release of stored energy during concentric phase 3. Rapid amortization phase 4. Absent stretch reflex

Rapid amortization phase

During normal walking, the pelvis rotates in what plane to facilitate the necessary momentum for the swing phase? 1. Sagittal 2. Transverse 3. Axial 4. Frontal

Transverse

In what plane of movement do shoulder horizontal adduction and abduction occur? 1. Sagittal 2. Dorsal 3. Transverse 4. Frontal

Transverse

The anterior oblique subsystem includes which of the following muscle groups? 1. Adductor (inner) thigh muscles, obliques, and hip external rotators 2. Adductors (inner thigh) and contralateral quadratus lumborum 3. Thoracolumbar fascia and contralateral gluteus maximus 4. Hamstrings and erector spinae

Adductor (inner) thigh muscles, obliques, and hip external rotators

Movements that take place within a joint and are not visible to the human eye may be classified in what way? 1. Arthrokinematic 2. Anterior 3. Posterior 4. Osteokinematic

Arthrokinematic

Which of the following statements would be accurate with regard to muscle force and velocity during an eccentric muscle action? 1. As the contraction velocity decreases, the force remains constant. 2. As the contraction velocity decreases, the ability to develop force increases. 3. As the contraction velocity increases, the ability to develop force decreases. 4. As the contraction velocity increases the ability to develop force also increases.

As the contraction velocity increases the ability to develop force also increases

Which of the following statements would be accurate with regard to muscle force and velocity during a concentric contraction? 1. As the velocity of a concentric muscle action decreases, its ability to produce force decreases. 2. As the velocity of a concentric muscle action increases, its ability to produce force increases. 3. As velocity decreases, the force remains constant. 4. As the velocity of the muscle action increases, its ability to produce force decreases.

As the velocity of the muscle action increases, its ability to produce force decreases

Which of the following muscles is primarily targeted when performing a biceps curl exercise with the thumb up? 1. Biceps brachii 2. Brachialis 3. Triceps brachii 4. Brachioradialis

Brachioradialis

Stored energy from an efficiently functioning stretch-shortening cycle is released during which muscle action? 1. Isokinetic 2. Isometric 3. Eccentric 4. Concentric

Concentric

What type of muscle action would expend the highest amount of energy at a fixed resistance level over a comparable duration? 1. Isometric 2. Isotonic 3. Concentric 4. Eccentric

Concentric

During a squat, the lowering phase would be described as what type of muscle action? 1. Eccentric 2. Concentric 3. Isokinetic 4. Isometric

Eccentric

Which muscle functions as part of the global muscular system? 1. Erector spinae 2. Internal oblique 3. Multifidus 4. Transversus abdominis

Erector spinae

Pronation of the foot describes what multiplanar movements? 1. Inversion, dorsiflexion, and ankle adduction 2. Eversion, dorsiflexion, and ankle abduction 3. Eversion, dorsiflexion, and ankle adduction 4. Eversion, plantar flexion, and ankle abduction

Eversion, dorsiflexion, and ankle abduction

What is the concept used to describe the action of muscles that have the ability to contract automatically in anticipation of movement? 1. Feed-forward 2. Feedback 3. Antagonist function 4. Synergist function

Feed-forward

What type of lever could be described as having a fulcrum in the middle like a seesaw? 1. Third class 2. Second class 3. First class 4. Fourth class

First class

The deep longitudinal subsystem includes which of the following muscle groups? 1. Thoracolumbar fascia and contralateral gluteus maximus 2. Adductors (inner thigh) and hip external rotators 3. Adductors (inner thigh) and contralateral quadratus lumborum 4. Hamstrings and erector spinae

Hamstrings and erector spinae

During a squat, which muscle group isometrically contracts to prevent unnecessary thigh movement in the frontal plane? 1. Hip extensors 2. Hip abductors 3. Hip internal rotators 4. Hip flexors

Hip abductors

Which of the following benefits may occur as a result of exercises that comprise only eccentric muscle actions that are appropriately loaded? 1. Decreased catabolic hormone stimulation 2. Increased catabolic hormone stimulation 3. Decreased anabolic hormone stimulation 4. Increased anabolic hormone stimulation

Increased anabolic hormone stimulation

Which of the following force couples is accurately linked to the movement created by their combined action? 1. Deltoid and rotator cuff functioning to create shoulder adduction 2. The gastrocnemius and soleus functioning to create ankle dorsiflexion 3. Upper trapezius and serratus anterior functioning to create downward rotation of the scapula 4. Internal and external obliques functioning to create trunk rotation

Internal and external obliques functioning to create trunk rotation

Which type of exercise accommodates effort whereby the harder the individual pushes or pulls, the more resistance they feel, despite the movement speed remaining constant? 1. Isometric 2. Concentric 3. Eccentric 4. Isokinetic

Isokinetic

Which subsystem is responsible for providing both frontal plane mobility and stabilization of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex? 1. Posterior oblique subsystem 2. Lateral subsystem 3. Anterior oblique subsystem 4. Deep longitudinal subsystem

Lateral subsystem

What anatomical term is used to describe something that is relatively closer to the midline of the body? 1. Anterior 2. Medial 3. Lateral 4. Posterior

Medial

Which muscle functions in a feed-forward mechanism in anticipation of limb movements? 1. Erector spinae 2. Gluteus maximus 3. Multifidus 4. Rectus abdominis

Multifidus

Movement represents the integrated functioning of which three main body systems? 1. Muscular, nervous, and skeletal 2. Muscular, ligamentous, and skeletal 3. Nervous, ligamentous, and vascular 4. Nervous, skeletal, and vascular

Muscular, nervous, and skeletal

What is a key mechanism involved in internal feedback? 1. Proprioception 2. Knowledge of performance 3. Motivation 4. Knowledge of results

Proprioception

What type of input may provide a runner with a cue to contract the evertor muscles to avoid an inversion injury? 1. External feedback 2. Force velocity 3. Proprioception 4. Stretch-shortening cycle

Proprioception

Which of the following muscle groups work both eccentrically and concentrically in the sagittal plane during a squat? 1. Adductor longus 2. Quadriceps 3. Biceps brachii 4. Gluteus medius

Quadriceps

Which of the following muscle groups work eccentrically in the sagittal plane during the lowering phase of the squat? 1. Quadriceps 2. Biceps brachii 3. Gluteus medius 4. Adductor longus

Quadriceps

Which plane of movement can be described as an imaginary line that bisects the body into right and left sides? 1. Extension 2. Transverse 3. Frontal 4. Sagittal

Sagittal

What movement term is used to describe the concept of adducting the shoulder blades so that they become closer together? 1. Scapular retraction 2. Scapular elevation 3. Scapular depression 4. Scapular protraction

Scapular retraction

Which of the following effects may occur if the amortization phase of a plyometric exercise is prolonged? 1. Stored energy will dissipate, and the unloading phase will be more powerful. 2. Stored energy will dissipate, and the unloading phase will be less powerful. 3. The neurological stretch reflex will be optimally activated, and the unloading phase will be more powerful. 4. The neurological stretch reflex will be optimally activated, and the unloading phase will be less powerful.

Stored energy will dissipate, and the unloading phase will be less powerful

What scientific term is used to describe the concept whereby a loaded eccentric contraction prepares the muscles for a rapid concentric contraction? 1. Altered reciprocal inhibition 2. Series elastic component 3. Reciprocal inhibition 4. Stretch-shortening cycle

Stretch-shortening cycle

What is the anatomical term that describes something positioned above an identified reference point? 1. Superior 2. Inferior 3. Anterior 4. Posterior

Superior

Which concept should be used to describe the functioning of the serratus anterior as it assists the anterior deltoid during shoulder flexion? 1. Synergist 2. Stabilizer 3. Agonist 4. Antagonist

Synergist

What is the most accurate description of motor control? 1. The motor response to internal and external environmental stimuli 2. The cumulative changes in motor behavior over time, throughout the life span 3. The integration of motor control processes through practice 4. The ability to initiate and correct purposeful controlled movements

The ability to initiate and correct purposeful controlled movements

Which of the following examples describes a muscle that is functioning as an antagonist? 1. The infraspinatus being active during shoulder external rotation 2. The biceps brachii being active during elbow extension 3. The serratus anterior being active during shoulder flexion 4. The transversus abdominus being active during hip extension

The biceps brachii being active during elbow extension

How should the amortization phase of the stretch-shortening cycle be described? 1. The transition from eccentric loading to concentric unloading 2. The transition between the isometric and eccentric phases 3. The transition from concentric loading to eccentric unloading 4. The transition between the concentric and isometric phases

The transition from eccentric loading to concentric unloading

Performing a biceps curl with a dumbbell in the hand is an example of which type of lever? 1. Third class 2. Fourth class 3. Second class 4. First class

Third class

The posterior oblique system includes which of the following muscle groups? 1. Hamstrings and erector spinae 2. Adductors (inner thigh) and hip external rotators 3. Adductors (inner thigh) and contralateral quadratus lumborum 4. Thoracolumbar fascia and contralateral gluteus maximus

Thoracolumbar fascia and contralateral gluteus maximus

What measurement is dependent upon the length of the lever arm and the angle between the force application and the lever arm? 1. Force 2. Arthrokinematics 3. Torque 4. Force velocity

Torque