chapter 7 quiz questions

C. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want.

In preconventional reasoning, children: Select one: A. make decisions based on their conscience. B. look for approval from their peers and society. C. act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want. D. blame their actions on what they have observed in older children.

B. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible.

A 16-year-old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview, you should: Select one: A. obtain the majority of your information from one of her parents. B. inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible. C. avoid asking questions that she will feel uncomfortable answering. D. recall that patients in this age group prefer not to be treated as adults.

D. 90 and 140 mm Hg.

A normal systolic blood pressure for a 30-year-old is between: Select one: A. 60 and 120 mm Hg. B. 70 and 140 mm Hg. C. 80 and 120 mm Hg. D. 90 and 140 mm Hg.

D. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

An infant's blood pressure typically increases with age because: Select one: A. the infant's total blood volume decreases with age. B. his or her normal heart rate usually increases with age. C. as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate. D. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

C. the buildup of plaque inside blood vessels or A. constriction of the blood vessels

Atherosclerosis is defined as ________. Select one: A. constriction of the blood vessels B. the blockage of a coronary artery C. the buildup of plaque inside blood vessels Incorrect D. dilation of the arteries

A. 1-3 years

Children of which age group are considered toddlers? Select one: A. 1-3 years B. 3-6 years C. 1 month to 1 year D. Over 6 years

C. increase

Diastolic blood pressure tends to _______________ with age. Select one: A. decrease B. compensate C. increase D. decompensate

B. 50%

Kidney function declines by _________________ between the ages of 20 and 90 years. Select one: A. 10% B. 50% C. 45% D. 20%

D. take multiple medications

Older adults frequently ___________. Select one: A. experience a decrease in body fat as they age B. are able to increase their muscle mass C. are unable to overcome medical problems D. take multiple medications

C. increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain.

Physical changes that typically occur in early adults include an: Select one: A. increase in muscle strength and reflexes. B. increase in height because of spinal disc expansion. C. increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain. D. increase in respiratory rate due to increased metabolism.

D. fontanelles

The areas of the infant's skull that have not yet fused together are called ________. Select one: A. ventricles B. cranial valleys C. sutures D. fontanelles

B. 70 beats/min.

The average pulse rate of persons between 19 and 60 years of age is typically: Select one: A. 60 beats/min. B. 70 beats/min. C. 80 beats/min. D. 90 beats/min.

B. 19 and 25 years.

The human body should be functioning at its optimal level between the ages of: Select one: A. 18 and 22 years. B. 19 and 25 years. C. 21 and 30 years. D. 25 and 35 years.

A. normal

The respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute in an infant is ________. Select one: B. too fast C. too slow D. too shallow

D. shrinkage of the brain.

The risk of bleeding in the skull, which increases with age, is MOST directly related to: Select one: A. blood vessel dilation. B. a decrease in neurons. C. meningeal deterioration. D. shrinkage of the brain.

C. The volume of air moved during the deepest points of respiration

What is "vital capacity"? Select one: A. The volume of blood moved by each contraction of the heart B. The maximum thickness of the meninges C. The volume of air moved during the deepest points of respiration D. The amount of air left in the lungs following exhalation

C. age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears.

When you are communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. deafness and blindness are a normal part of the process of aging. B. most older patients are confused due to a decrease in brain cells. C. age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears. D. the majority of older patients experience a loss of low-frequency hearing.

B. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.

Which of the following describes the Moro reflex? Select one: A. When something touches a neonate's cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch. B. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled. C. An infant's heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on the heart rate to perfuse the body. D. When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the other toes fan outward.

C. Increased weight

Which of the following is NOT a common factor that would affect a 75-year-old patient's vital signs? Select one: A. Medications B. Overall health C. Increased weight D. Medical conditions

A. Secondary sexual development begins.

Which of the following is a physical change that typically occurs in the adolescent age group? Select one: A. Secondary sexual development begins. B. Muscle and bone growth both decrease. C. The normal pulse rate steadily increases. D. The systolic blood pressure decreases.

C. They are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands.

Why do middle adults commonly experience financial concerns? Select one: A. They are typically receiving social security and must budget with a fixed income. B. Most people in the middle adult age group have chronic illnesses and cannot work. C. They are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands. D. The majority of middle adults still have small children who live at home with them.

D. early adulthood.

Work, family, and stress best describe the life stage known as: Select one: A. middle adulthood. B. adolescence. C. late adulthood. D. early adulthood.

A. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times.

You are dispatched to a call for a 4-month-old infant with respiratory distress. While you prepare to take care of this child, you must remember that: Select one: B. assisted ventilations in infants often need to be forceful to inflate their lungs. C. the infant's proportionately small tongue often causes an airway obstruction. D. an infant's head should be placed in a flexed position to prevent obstruction.

C. most likely above 90 beats/min.

You are dispatched to a public park in the middle of a sprawling subdivision for an arm injury. You arrive to find a crying 5-year-old boy cradling his swollen and deformed left forearm. His friends tell you that he was holding onto the bars of the play structure and that his arm "snapped" when he jumped into the sand below. You would expect this boy's pulse to be: Select one: A. between 60 and 80 beats/min. B. higher than 150 beats/min. C. most likely above 90 beats/min. D. around 70 beats/min.

conventional reasoning

when children look to their peers and society for approval it is called......

Post conventional reasoning

when children make decisions guided by their conscious it is called....