Chapter 7
what shape is formed by the wrist bones
three-sided arch--concave on the palmer side
the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb is what type of joint
unique saddle-type joint
do the 9 primary extrinsic muscles of the phalanges act in wrist joint action
yes
what movements can the wrist make
Allows flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction
Movement of the palm of the hand and the or the phalanges toward the anterior or volar aspect of the forearm
Flexion
a distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint is what type of joint
Ginglymus
a metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the thumb is what type of joint
Ginglymus
the interphalangeal (IP) joint of the thumb is what type of joint
Ginglymus
carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb degrees of extension
0-20
metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint degree of extension
0-40
how are extrinsic muscles of the wrist and hand grouped
according to function and location
how many intrisic muscles of the hand are in the hand excluding the thumb and little finger
11 different muscles
how many muscles of the wrist and hand are extrinsic
12
how many phalanges are in the hand
14
carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb degrees of flexion
15-45
how many muscles of the wrist and hand are intrinsic
18
Movement of the thumb side of the hand toward the lateral aspect or radial side of the forearm; movement of the fingers away from the middle finger
Abduction
Movement of the little finger side of the hand toward the medial aspect or ulnar side of the forearm; movement of the fingers back together toward the middle finger
Adduction
Movement of the thumb across palmar aspect to oppose any or all of the phalanges
opposition
the connection between the radius and the proximal carpals make up what joint
radiocarpal joint
Movement of the thumb as it returns to anatomical position from opposition with the hand and or fingers
reposition
what is the most often injured wrist bone
scaphoid
how are the intrinsic muscles of the hand exclusing the thumb and little finger broken down into groups
4 lumbricals 3 palmar interossei 4 dorsal interossei
list the six extrinsic extensors of the phalanges
Extensor digitorum Indicis Digiti minimi Pollicis longus Pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis longus
list the three extrinsic flexors of the phalanges
Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor pollicis longus (thumb flexor)
how many joints does the thumb have
2 joints
how many joints are in the wrist and hand
25
how many bones are in the wrist and hand
29
how many joints are in one finger
3 joints
how many intrisic muscles of the hand are on the ulnar side
3 muscles of the little finger
how many muscles act on the wrist and hand
30
how many intrisic muscles of the hand are on the radial side
4 muscles of the thumb
Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the thumb degrees of flexion
40-90
how many metacarpals are in the hand
5
carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb degrees of abduction
50-70 degrees
how many muscle only move the wrist
6 (3 extensors and 3 flexors)
how many carpal bones are in the hand
8
distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint degrees of extension
80-90
interphalangeal (IP) joint of the thumb degree of flexion
80-90
metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint degree of flexion
85-100
how many primary muscles act on the phalanges
9 (3 flexors and 6 extensors)
proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint degrees of flexion
90-120
Swelling and inflammation can cause increased pressure in carpal tunnel resulting in decreased function of median nerve leading to reduce motor and sensation function in its distribution
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
a metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint is what type of joint
condyloid
what type of joint is the wrist
condyloid-type
the motion of the wrist occurs primarily between what bones
distal radius and proximal carpal row (scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum)
Movement of the back of the hand and or the pahlanges toward the posterior or dorsal aspect of the forearm; sometimes known as hyperextension
extension
a proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint is what type of joint
ginglymus
movement of the Extensor Carpi Radials Longus
o Extension of the wrist o Abduction of the wrist o Weak extension of the elbow o Weak pronation to neutral from a fully supinated position
movement of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
o Extension of the wrist o Abduction of the wrist o Weak flexion of the elbow
movement of the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
o Extension of wrist o Adduction of wrist together with flexor carpi ulnaris o Weak extension of the elbow
movement of the Flexor Carpi Radialis
o Flexion of the wrist o Abduction of the wrist o Weak elbow flexion o Weak pronation of the forearm
movement of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
o Flexion of the wrist o Adduction of the wrist, together with extensor carpi ulnaris o Weak flexion of the elbow
movement of the Palmaris Longus Muscle
o Flexion of the wrist o Weak flexion of the elbow
what is the reference point for adduction and abduction of the wrist and fingers
middle finger