Chapter 7 Smartbook

Jon has used all efforts to gain weight in order to achieve a healthy BMI but has not been successful. Which of the following philosophies should he adapt?

- Add muscle mass through a strength resistance program - Accept his lean frame - Prevent health problems associated with underweight

A weight loss regimen on the internet claims that 10 minutes of physical activity each day is all you need to lose weight. A more successful plan would

- Also include dietary strategies to reduce energy intake. - Also include behavior modification strategies, such as self-monitoring of diet and exercise. - Incorporate 60 to 90 minutes of physical activity per day.

The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedure requires:

- Bypassing a short segment of the small intestine. - Stomach size reduction to about 30 milliliters.

Which of the following may cause a person to become underweight?

- Chemotherapy for treatment of cancer - A disease that damages the small intestine - Excessive dieting

The benefits of physical activity includes?

- Helping with weight loss. - Boosting self esteem. - Helping maintain lower body weight. - Helping a person stay physically fit

Which of the following are strategies that could help a person control hunger between meals and snacks?

- Include lean protein in meals and snacks. - Consume foods high in fiber and water. - Eat meals and snacks more slowly.

The benefits of physical activity on body composition and metabolic rate includes?

- Increase in metabolic rate, bone density, and lean muscle mass - Decrease in fat mass

Identify the health risks that are caused by fat storage in abdominal adipose cells.

- Increases insulin resistance - Increases inflammation - Increases blood vessel restriction

What technique could be used to determine the amount of calories a person expends each day?

- Indirect calorimetry - Equations taking into account height, weight, physical activity, and age - Direct calorimetry

Mindful eating involves _____.

- Making wise eating decisions - Recognizing physical hunger and satiety cues - Awareness of food preparation

Which of the following are characteristics of unreliable weight-loss programs?

- Recommends the use of expensive supplements - Lacks scientific support - Promotes quick weight loss

Which of the following are examples of social support systems that may be helpful with weight control?

- Registered dietitians - Weight loss support groups - Supportive family members

The factors that help one to maintain an appropriate height/weight value include which of these?

- Remaining physically active - Regularly eating a healthy diet - Learning to follow the body's hunger cues

A diet plan promoted in a fashion magazine states, "Eat all you want and lose 10 pounds in 2 weeks." This statement does NOT agree with sound weight loss recommendations, such as?

- Set a goal of one pound weight loss per week. - Control problem eating behaviors.

Other considerations for bariatric surgery in addition to patient selection criteria includes:

- Surgical expenses might not be covered by medical insurance. - The needs to plan small frequent meals after surgery. - Follow-up surgery may be needed to correct stretched skin.

Which of the following are true statements about novelty diets?

- They promote weight cycling - Leaving out entire food groups can lead to nutrient deficiencies

Upper-body obesity is characterized by _____.

- Waist circumference 35 inches and above in females - Fat stored primarily in the abdominal area waist circumference 40 inches and above in males

The Body Mass Index is defined as:

- Weight in pounds multiplied by 703, and divided by the square of the height in inches - Weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters

To achieve and maintain a healthy body weight, the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommend a minimum of

150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity physical activity.

There are approximately ______ kcal in one pound of fat tissue.

3500

Upper-body obesity is diagnosed in males when the waist circumference exceeds _____ inches.

40

Severe (morbid) obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than or equal to ____ or weighing at least _____ pounds over healthy body weight.

40; 100

Which of the following is an important concept to have when keeping a weight goal in perspective?

A healthy, sustainable rate of weight loss is 1 to 2 pounds per week.

The incidence of obesity in the United States, now considered an epidemic, has prompted the FDA to bring together which of the following sectors to tackle the obesity issue?

Academia, public health community, industry, and government

Telltale signs of an unreliable diet include all of the following EXCEPT

Adapts to individual habits and tastes

______ is the over-the-counter version of orlistat, a weight-loss medication that blocks the digestion of fat in the small intestine.

Alli

The ratio of body weight (in kilograms) to height (in meters)2 is the _____.

BMI

Having a high basal metabolic rate is a possible cause for what?

BMI less than 18.5

The terms such as chain-breaking, stimulus control, cognitive restructuring and self-monitoring are components of _________ modification.

Behavior

Which of the following techniques estimates body fat content by measuring the resistance to an electrical current that passes through the body?

Bioelectric impedance analysis

The method used to estimate total body fat that uses a low-energy electrical current is known as?

Bioelectrical impedance.

Direct calorimetry measures the amount of?

Body heat released by a person.

A pedometer monitors?

Body movement

If height, weight, and physical activity level are held constant, energy requirements ______ as an adult ages.

Decreases

The best way to ensure that extra calorie intake will support gains in lean mass rather than fat mass is to

Engage in strength-training exercises

The need for women to have a higher body fat when compared to men is to maintain....

Estrogen production and reproductive functions

T/F: A weight-loss plan leading to a weight reduction of more than 5 pounds in 2 weeks is a safe and effective way of losing weight.

False

T/F: During the measurement of bioelectric impedance, greater adipose stores are associated with lower resistance to electrical flow.

False; greater adipose stores are associated with higher resistance to electrical flow.

The dietary approach that has been most successful in long-term studies is the low-fat, ______ approach.

High-fiber

The method of estimating total body fat by weighing the individual on a standard scale and then weighing him or her submerged in water is known as ______.

Hydrostatic weighing.(underwater weighing)

Select the most reliable treatments for the condition of overweight or obesity.

Increased physical activity, behavior modification, and decreased calorie intake

A 150-pound person with 30% body fat will weigh _____ hydrostatically (i.e., in the water) compared to a 150-pound person with 20% body fat.

Less

Lean tissue provides _____ resistance to the electrical current used when measuring body composition with a bioelectrical impedance device because of the high water content in muscle.

Less

Fat released directly from abdominal adipose tissue is transported directly to the:

Liver

The health problems associated with excess body fat include:

Liver damage, surgical risks, and bone and joint disorders

Treatment for overweight and obesity should be?

Long term and a lifestyle change

The reasons why unreliable diets are problematic includes:

Loss of lean tissue, unchanged habits, and limited food selection

Treatment for overweight and obesity should involve healthy, active living with acceptable diet modifications that will promote weight ______ and later, weight ______.

Loss; maintenance

The dietary approach that has been most successful in long-term studies is the ______ approach.

Low-fat; high-fiber

Which of the following would NOT be a valid way to measure or estimate the amount of energy used by the body each day?

Measurement of food intake from the various food groups

Novelty diets that exclude a food group or include only one or two foods are based on _____.

No scientific merit

The public, private, and non-profit organizations are currently working together to find a solution to the public health crisis of _______, now considered an epidemic in the United States.

Obesity

Which of the following medications is currently approved by FDA for weight loss?

Orlistat

A successful weight loss program should have a behavior program for _____ in place so a person can steer himself back on track after going off the diet program.

Relapse prevention

"Yo-yo" dieting refers to what?

Repeated cycles of weight loss followed by weight regain

Which of the following is a surgical method of inducing weight loss that involves reducing the stomach capacity and bypassing part of the small intestine?

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Foods that are high in fiber and water promote what?

Satiety

The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommend limiting time spent in

Sedentary activities

_____ slows muscle loss that comes with dieting and aging.

Strength training

T/F: A promise of rapid weight loss is one characteristic of a fad diet.

True

T/F: Obesity contributes to several of the leading causes of death in the United States, including cardiovascular disease and cancer.

True

Rapid weight loss at the beginning of a weight loss program is a result of what?

Water loss and lean muscle mass depletion

Which of the following factors are used to calculate Estimated Energy Requirements for adults with the Food and Nutrition Board's formula?

Weight, height, and age