Chapter 7: The News and Social Media
is the process whereby people secure information from sources that agree with them, reinforcing their beliefs.
selective exposure
process whereby people secure information from sources that agree with them, thus reinforcing their beliefs
selective exposure
Which three major networks aired evening news broadcasts in the early 1960s? a. ABC, NBC, CBS b. Fox, ABC, NBC c. PBS, Fox, ABC d. Fox, CBS, NBC
ABC, NBC, CBS
process whereby partisans interpret the same information differently
selective perception
The press concealed the health of which president, thereby preserving his public image? a. Theodore Roosevelt b. George Washington c. Thomas Jefferson d. Franklin Delano Roosevelt`
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Which president started his own newspaper in order to get his message out? a. George Washington b. Theodore Roosevelt c. James K. Polk d. Thomas Jefferson
James K. Polk
Which Supreme Court case limited the government's ability to suppress a news story? a. Gibbons v. Ogden b. Loving v. Virginia c. Near v. Minnesota d. McCulloch v. Maryland
Near v. Minnesota
In which Supreme Court case did the court require proof of actual malice in order to convict of libel? a. Gibbons v. Ogden b. Loving v. Virginia c. Near v. Minnesota d. New York Times v. Sullivan
New York Times v. Sullivan
supreme court test for libel of a public figure, in which the plaintiff must approve that the publisher knew the material was false or acted with reckless disregard for whether it was true or false
actual malice
By stressing certain issues, the media influence what the American public views as the most pressing concerns. This effect is called a. framing. b. agenda setting. c. muckraking. d. soft news.
agenda setting
ability of the media to affect the way people view issues, people, or events by controlling which stories are shown and which are not.
agenda setting
Which factor poses the biggest threat to the television evening news? a. the prominence of "technical difficulties" b. an aging audience c. a lack of qualified journalists d. a lack of hard news
an aging audience
Which form of media has enabled the average citizen to most easily express his or her views to a wider audience? a. television b. newspapers c. blogs d. radio
blogs
Who uncovered the Watergate scandal? a. Chet Huntley and David Brinkley b. Walter Cronkite c. Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein d. Abbie Hoffman
bob woodward and carl bernstein
Which federal agency is in charge of regulating electronic media? a. Federal Communications Commission b. Consumer Financial Protections Bureau c. Federal Bureau of Investigations d. Department of the Interio
federal communication commission
series of essays written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay arguing for the ratification of the constitution; today a leading source of understanding the constitution
federalist papers
Which amendment governs freedom of press? a. Tenth b. First c. Eighth d. Fourth
first
When the Bush administration waged war in Afghanistan, the media emphasized the issue of fighting terrorism. This presented the war in a much more favorable light, which is an example of a. agenda setting. b. priming. c. framing. d. hard news.
framing
ability to the media to influence public perception of issues by constructing the issue or discussion of a subject in a certain way
framing
"Fireside chats" were most associated with which president? a. Franklin Roosevelt b. Ronald Reagan c. John Kennedy d. Abraham Lincoln
franklin roosevelt
The decline of newspaper readership might affect the public's exposure to a. hard news. b. yellow journalism. c. soft news. d. classified listings
hard news
political news coverage, traditionally found in the printed press, that is more fact-based, opposed to more interpretive narratives and commentary
hard news
The mass media help ensure government accountability and responsiveness by performing three important tasks: informing, ___________________, and interpreting the news
investigating
Since the 1990s, what has happened to newspaper readership? a. It has remained stable for both younger and older age groups. b. It has declined for both younger and older age groups. c. It has declined for younger age groups but has remained stable for older age groups. d. It has risen for older age groups but has declined for younger age groups.
it has declined for both younger and older age groups
publishing false and damaging statements about another person
libel
views sources, including newspaper, television, radio, and the internet, whose purpose is to provide a large audience with information about the nation and the world
mass media
view of the media's impact as marginal because most people seek news reports to reinforce beliefs already held rather than to develop new ones
minimal effects model
Which assessment of the 1960 debate between Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy is considered correct? a. Most people watching on television or listening on the radio thought Nixon won. b. Most television watchers thought Nixon won, and most radio listeners thought Kennedy won. c. Most people watching on television or listening on the radio thought Kennedy won. d. Most television watchers thought Kennedy won, and most radio listeners thought Nixon won.
most television watchers thought Kennedy won, and most radio listeners thought Nixon won
journalistic practice of investigative reporting that seeks to uncover corruption and wrongdoing
muckraking
subset of the mass media that provides the news of the day, gathered and reported by jounalists
news media
view of the media's impact as substantial, occurring by agenda setting, framing, and priming
not-so-minimal effects model
newspapers sold for a penny, initiating an era in which the press began to rely on circulation and advertising for income and not on political parties
penny press
process whereby the media influence the criteria the public uses to make decisions
priming
extreme views of the media's role in society, arguing that the press serves the interest of the government only, driving what the public thinks about important issues
propaganda model
The popularity of __________________ has remained unchanged in the past decade as a medium of communication
radio
conduct or language that incites rebellion against the authority of a state
seditious libel
Facebook is an example of a(n) a. hard news aggregator. b. social networking site. c. infotainment program. d. blog.
social networking site
news stories focused less on facts and policies than on sensationalizing secondary issues or on less serious subjects of the entertainment world
soft news
Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay published a series of articles in support of the Constitution that are known as a. Public Occurrences. b. The Federalist Papers. c. the Sentiments of Democracy. d. the Articles of Confederation.
the federalist papers
Which was a result of the Pentagon Papers Supreme Court decision? a. The government can prevent news stories by claiming publication would be detrimental to national security. b. The government had not met and would have needed to meet an extraordinary burden of proof for prior restraint. c. The media must submit controversial news stories to the courts prior to publication. d. No federal agencies can regulate electronic media, but they can regulate print media.
the government had not met and would have needed to meet an extraordinary burden of proof for prior restraint
Which model for interpreting public opinion asserts that the news media has only marginal influence on the public's thinking about politics? a. the agenda setting model b. the not-so-minimal effects model c. the minimal effects model d. the propaganda model
the minimal effects model
According to journalist David Broder, what is the main factor that contributes to bias in the media? a. the influence of large corporations b. the inability of journalists to recognize their own bias c. pressure from the government d. the speed with which journalists have to act
the speed with which journalists have to act
Who published the influential pamphlet, Common Sense, which attacked King George? a. Alexander Hamilton b. Samuel Adams c. Thomas Paine d. Daniel Shays
thomas paine
role of the press in monitoring government actions
watchdog
style of journalism in the late nineteenth century characterized by sensationalism intended to capture readers' attention and increase circulation
yellow journalism