Chapter 8
Prophase
In telophase of mitosis, the miotic spindle breaks down and the nuclear membrane forms. This is essentially the opposite of what happens in...
Cancers that originate in the lymph nodes are called
lymphomas
A fruit fly (diploid) somatic cell contains 8 chromosomes. This means that _____ different combinations of chromosomes are possible in its gametes.
16
A cell biologist carefully measured the quantity of DNA in grasshopper cells growing in cell culture. Cells examined during the G2 phase of the cell cycle contained 200 units of DNA per cell. What would be the amount of DNA in one of the grasshoppers daughter cells seen in metaphase of mitosis.
200 Units
What would be the amount of DNA in one of the grasshoppers cells seen after the completion of meiosis 2.
50 Units
If there are 22 chromosomes in the nucleus of a toad skin cell
A toad egg would contain 11 chromosomes.
Meiosis halves the number of
Chromosomes
What happens during the S phase of interphase?
DNA is replicated
Which is not a function of mitotic cell division in animals?
Production of gametes
The phase of mitosis during which the nuclear membrane breaks up.
Prophase
During which stage of meiosis do synapsis and the formation of tetrads occur?
Prophase 1
Cancers that originate in bones
Sarcomas
Produced during S phase between all cell divisions
Sister Chromatid
Which of the following carry the same genetic information?
Sister chromatids
Human _____________ are diploid.
Somatic Cells
Nondisjunction occurs when member of a chromosome pair
Fail to separate
True or False. Gametes are made by mitosis
False
Cytochalasin B is a chemical that disrupts microfilament formation. This chemical would interfere with
Furrow cleavage.
__________ can reveal alterations in chromosome #
Karyotyping
Asexual reproduction
The creation of offspring carrying genetic information by just a single parent is...
If the s Phase was eliminated from the cell cycle...
The daughter cells would have half the genetic material found in the parent cell.
How many chromosomes are typically found in a prokaryote?
1
A benign tumor differs from a malignant tumor in that
A benign tumor does not metastasize.
Which is a feature of a plant cell division that distinguishes it from animal cell division?
A cell plate forms.
92
A human bone marrow cell is prophase of mitosis contains 46 chromosomes. How many chromatids does it contain overall?
When animal cells are grown in a petri dish, they typically stop dividing once they have formed a single, unbroken layer on the bottom of the dish. This arrest of division is an example of....
Density-Dependent inhibition
Human _______ are haploid.
Gametes
Two chromosomes in a nucleus that carry loci for the same traits in the same position on the chromosome but specify different versions of some traits constitute a pair of
Homologous chromosomes
Which is the most significant difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Homologous pairs of chromosomes are split up in meiosis.
Crossing over is
Important in genetic recombination
Large cells containing many nuclei
In certain fungi, cells undergo mitosis repeatedly without subsequently undergoing cytokinesis. What would result?
If a chromosome fragment breaks off and then reattaches to the original chromosome but in reverse direction, the resulting chromosomal abnormality is called an _________.
Inversion
Where spindle fibers attach to chromosomes
Kinetochore
The human sex chromosome abnormality that can result in a male having 1 or more X chromosomes is called
Klinefelter Disease
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up on a plane located equidistant from 2 poles?
Metaphase
The best karyotypes are made from cells that have their cell cycle stopped at this stage
Metaphase
The drug Taxol is used to treat some types of cancer. How does Taxol work?
Taxol freezes the spindle fiber function during division
Which does not occur during mitotic anaphase?
The DNA replicates.
Disorders involving unusual number of sex chromosomes show that "maleness" is caused by...
The presence of a Y chromosome
Which is not true of human somatic cells.
They are haploid
What is the role of the non-kinetochore microtubules?
To elongate the cell
A karyotype of a human cell shows that the cell is missing a sex chromosome. The cell only has 1 x chromosome. Syndrome is called...
Turner Syndrome
Sister chromatids
What are tightly linked together at the centromere?
G1 = Immediately follows cell division
Which correctly matches a phase of the cell with its description?
Muscle Cell
You would be unlikely to see which of the following human cells dividing?