Chapter 8: Nutrition.
A state of health that occurs when the body is improperly nourished is termed
Malnutrition
Which two nutrients provide no usable calories for the body?
Minerals Vitamins
The chemicals found in food that are necessary for the body to function properly are called
Nutrients
complete proteins
Proteins containing all the essential amino acids; found only in soy and animal foods (meats and dairy products)
incomplete proteins
Proteins that are missing one or more of the essential amino acids; found in plant sources such as nuts and legumes
Many popular dietary supplements are not helpful and may even be harmful.
True
Cholesterol
a fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body. Builds up as plaque.
BMI (body mass index)
a measure of body weight relative to height
Pica
an abnormal craving or appetite for nonfood substances, such as dirt, paint, or clay that lasts for at least 1 month
bulimia nervosa
an eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise
anorexia nervosa
an eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves
Which of the following protects cells and their components from being damaged or destroyed by exposure to certain environmental and internal factors?
antioxidants
amino acids
building blocks of proteins
six classes of nutrients.
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
Rumination Disorder
repeated regurigitation, rechewing of food w/o the apparent nausea or disgust.
What type of fat are animal fats and stay solid at room temperature?
saturated fat
unsaturated fats
A fat that is liquid at room temperature and found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds.
Vitamins
Essential nutrients that do not yield energy, but that are required for growth and proper functioning of the body. Derived from living things.
my plate guidelines
Factors such as age, gender, physical activity,
What term describes a food or beverage that has more vitamins and minerals in relation to its energy value?
Nutrient-dense
Proteins
Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues e.g. muscles
Vitamins C and E
Types of antioxidants
Types of fat soluble vitamins
Vitamins A, D, E, K
The major role of carbohydrate is to provide the body with______.
energy
The body gets nutrients from______.
food
Trans fats are
man-made, the "bad" fat found in processed foods (ex. cookies)
causes of eating disorders
media, teasing/name calling, abuse, diets, desire to please others, anxiety, low self-esteem, family issues, a need for control
Which classes of nutrients provide the body with energy?
proteins carbohydrates lipids (fats)
binge eating disorder
significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt, but without the compensatory purging, fasting, or excessive exercise that marks bulimia nervosa
Minerals
solid, naturally occurring, inorganic (not living) substances such as rocks and soil
Complex carbohydrates are
starches
simple carbohydrates
sugars
Metabolism
the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down food for energy
diet
the foods and beverages a person eats and drinks
fiber
A form of complex carbohydrates from plants that humans cannot digest
My Plate
A guideline, showing proportions, to help people choose what and how much to eat from each food group.
Calorie
A unit of heat used to measure the energy your body uses and the energy it receives from food
Since no natural food contains all the nutrients as they are needed by the body, _____ can help ensure the nutritional adequacy of a diet.
A wide variety of foods
Types of water soluable vitamins
B complex and C excess expelled through urine
essential vitamins
CANNOT be produced by the body and must be obtained through the diet
