Chapter 8: Questions from the powerpoint
What color describes unmyelinated fibers?
gray
What is the name of the nervous system's nonconducting cells, which protect, nourish and support the neurons?
neuroglia
As a group, what are all the chemicals that carry information across the synaptic cleft called?
Neurotransmitter
What is the middle layer of connective tissue in a nerve?
Perineurium
What is the name for the pathway through the nervous system from a stimuli and an effector?
Reflex Arc
What is the purpose of the tracts in the spinal cord's white matter?
Sends messages back and forth to brain
What type of fibers are in spinal nerve's dorsal root?
Sensory
What name is given to nerves that convey impulses toward the CNS?
Sensory (afferent)
What division of the CNS is voluntary and controls skeletal muscles?
Somatic Nervous System
Which division of the nervous system exclusively controls skeletal muscles?
Somatic Nervous System
Which division of the ANS stimulates a stress response?
Sympathetic
What color describes myelinated fibers?
White
How are gray and white matter arranged in the spinal cord?
White - Myelinated Gray - Unmyelinated
The phrenic nerve arises from the?
cervical plexus
Which division reverses the stress response?
parasympathetic
What is the correct order of impulse conduction through a reflex arc?
receptor sensory neuron interneuron motor neuron effector
What is the junction between two neurons called?
synapse
What is the deepest layer of connective tissue in a nerve?
Endoneurium
What is the outermost layer of connective tissue in a nerve?
Epineurium
What name is given to nerves that transport away from the CNS?
Motor (Efferent)
What type of fibers are in its ventral root?
Motor
What are the two stages of an action potential and what happens during each?
Rising phase/ Depolarization - SA & K switch places Falling phase/ Replorization - SA & K return to their right place
What ions are involved in generating an action potential?
SA & K
How does the myelin sheath affect conduction along an axon?
Saltatory conduction
What is a tract?
Bundle of fibers in CNS
What is a nerve?
Bundle of fibers in PNS
What are the two divisions of the nervous system based on structure?
CNS & PNS
What fluid is found in the central canal of the spinal cord?
Cerebrospinal Fluid
What is the name of the neuron fiber that carries impulses toward the cell body?
Dendrite
Sodium channels open early in the action potential to cause membrane?
Depolarization
How many neurons are there in each motor pathway of the ANS?
2
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31
Which of the following is NOT an example of a neuroglial cel? A. Neuron B. Astrocyte C. Schwann Cell D. All of the options are neuroglia
A
What division is involuntary and controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands?
Autonomic Nervous System
What is the name of the fiber that carries impulses away from the cell body?
Axon
Which fibers conduct impulses away from the cell body?
Axons
Which of the following is NOT an action of the sympathetic nervous system? A. Increased in blood pressure B. Stimulation of skeletal muscle C. Stimulation of the adrenal gland D. Dilation of the pupils
B