Chapter 8: Questions from the powerpoint

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What color describes unmyelinated fibers?

gray

What is the name of the nervous system's nonconducting cells, which protect, nourish and support the neurons?

neuroglia

As a group, what are all the chemicals that carry information across the synaptic cleft called?

Neurotransmitter

What is the middle layer of connective tissue in a nerve?

Perineurium

What is the name for the pathway through the nervous system from a stimuli and an effector?

Reflex Arc

What is the purpose of the tracts in the spinal cord's white matter?

Sends messages back and forth to brain

What type of fibers are in spinal nerve's dorsal root?

Sensory

What name is given to nerves that convey impulses toward the CNS?

Sensory (afferent)

What division of the CNS is voluntary and controls skeletal muscles?

Somatic Nervous System

Which division of the nervous system exclusively controls skeletal muscles?

Somatic Nervous System

Which division of the ANS stimulates a stress response?

Sympathetic

What color describes myelinated fibers?

White

How are gray and white matter arranged in the spinal cord?

White - Myelinated Gray - Unmyelinated

The phrenic nerve arises from the?

cervical plexus

Which division reverses the stress response?

parasympathetic

What is the correct order of impulse conduction through a reflex arc?

receptor sensory neuron interneuron motor neuron effector

What is the junction between two neurons called?

synapse

What is the deepest layer of connective tissue in a nerve?

Endoneurium

What is the outermost layer of connective tissue in a nerve?

Epineurium

What name is given to nerves that transport away from the CNS?

Motor (Efferent)

What type of fibers are in its ventral root?

Motor

What are the two stages of an action potential and what happens during each?

Rising phase/ Depolarization - SA & K switch places Falling phase/ Replorization - SA & K return to their right place

What ions are involved in generating an action potential?

SA & K

How does the myelin sheath affect conduction along an axon?

Saltatory conduction

What is a tract?

Bundle of fibers in CNS

What is a nerve?

Bundle of fibers in PNS

What are the two divisions of the nervous system based on structure?

CNS & PNS

What fluid is found in the central canal of the spinal cord?

Cerebrospinal Fluid

What is the name of the neuron fiber that carries impulses toward the cell body?

Dendrite

Sodium channels open early in the action potential to cause membrane?

Depolarization

How many neurons are there in each motor pathway of the ANS?

2

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

31

Which of the following is NOT an example of a neuroglial cel? A. Neuron B. Astrocyte C. Schwann Cell D. All of the options are neuroglia

A

What division is involuntary and controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands?

Autonomic Nervous System

What is the name of the fiber that carries impulses away from the cell body?

Axon

Which fibers conduct impulses away from the cell body?

Axons

Which of the following is NOT an action of the sympathetic nervous system? A. Increased in blood pressure B. Stimulation of skeletal muscle C. Stimulation of the adrenal gland D. Dilation of the pupils

B


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