Chapter 9

When is the world population growth is projected to reach its peak?

2050

It took 50 years for Earth's human population to double from 1 billion to 2 billion. How long did it take for the population to double again to 4 billion?

44 years

Growth rates for different parts of the world vary depending on the level of development of the region. Which region is experiencing the biggest increase in population?

Asia

Where do populations growing more rapidly? Give examples.

Peru, Africa, Brazil, South America, China

How could an increase in waterborne diseases possibly be alleviated ?

adequate sewage treatment facilities for growing populations

What are strategies that could slow population growth?

birth control (condoms and pills) public advertising, legal punishment, and economic incentives

How do scientists predict population sizes ?

by studying age structure, survivorship, fertility rate, and migration

What occurs during Stage 2 of a population's demographic transition in relation the death rate

decreases

Professionals who study and make predictions about human populations are called?

demographers

What diseases are often spread through unsafe public water sources?

dysentery, typhoid fever, cholera, botulism

Why has educating women worldwide has lowered birthrates?

educated women learn family planning and child care techniques

How is a population pyramid is created ?

graphing the distribution of ages in a population

What are human demographic trends?

how the population increase and what factors lead to those increase: birth rates increase death rates decrease population increases

What factors are described by the model of demographic transition?

immigration

What are causes of population decrease in a region?

immigration, increased death rates, decrease birth rates

Why did between 1880 and 1930 human population double?

industrial revolution, increase birth rates and decrease death rates, and infrastructure increase

Less-developed countries suffer more from rapid population growth because they are less likely to have the _____ to support the population.

infrastructure

The 1991 cholera outbreak in Lima, Peru was caused by

lack of clean water

Why is it difficult to reduce population growth?

many people have low literacy and limited access to healthcare, and cultural beliefs

Human population growth was most rapid during which period of human history?

modern age

Which factor contributed most to the exponential growth of the human population?

more food, better hygiene.

What is the age structure of countries with high growth rates ?

more younger people than younger people

Why is reason that wood is considered a limited resource in many developing countries?

people cut the trees faster than they can grow

Countries that have entered the third stage of demographic transition are most probably characterized by?

small families, aging population, and strong economy

Because birth rates have begun to fall, Earth's population is predicted too change in what ways?

stabilize around 9 billion by 2050