Chapter 9 Manifest Destiny

Many jingoists who voted for Polk demanded that our government take all of Oregon Country from Britain, even if it required a war. What was their slogan?

"54-40 or fight"

What became the American battle cry after the devastating loss of lives at the battle of alamo?

"Remember the Alamo"

What was Clay's reasoning for opposing the acquisition of Texas and Oregon?

*Texas-* Opposed it getting added to the union because it would be a slave state which may lead to further tension and possibly a civil war. *Oregon-* Didn't want to take all of it, he wanted to share it with Britain because he feared it would lead to a war with them.

Similarities between American Revolution and Texas Revolution.

- Britain/Mexico originally left the colonists/settlers alone - The colonists/settlers began to develop the colonies/Texas largely on their own - Great Britain/Mexico feared of losing control over the colonies/Texas and cracked down - The goal of the colonists/settlers changed over time - King George |||/Santa Anna denied the colonists/settlers their rights

What four territories did the United States acquire during the following years to complete our nation's expansion across North America?

1. 1845- Texas 2. 1846- Oregon 3. 1848- Mexican Cession 4. 1854- Gadsden Purchase

Parts of what two states were carved out of the Gadsen purchase?

1. Arizona 2. New Mexico

What were the two most recent states admitted to the union at the time of the Election of 1844?

1. Arkansas 2. Michigan

What were the only two things the Mexican government required the American settlers to do upon settling Texas?

1. Become a Mexican citizen 2. Convert to Catholicism (most were Protestant)

What three nations stood in the way of the United States expanding across the continent?

1. British 2. Native Americans 3. Mexicans

What seven states were either partially or entirely carved out of the territory the United States acquired from Mexico?

1. California 2. Nevada 3. Utah 4. Arizona 5. Colorado 6. New Mexico 7. Wyoming

What four measures did the Mexican government begin to enact in 1830 to clamp down on the growing population of Americans living in Texas?

1. No more American immigration to Texas 2. They must physically practice Catholicism (go to church) 3. Slavery no longer allowed 4. Tax increase; higher taxes

For what two reasons were a majority of National Republicans / Whigs against Manifest Destiny?

1. Northerners feared the expansion of agricultural states out west would strengthen the Democratic party 2. Expansion of slavery out West would cause more tension

What five states were either partially or entirely carved out of the part of Oregon Territory the United States acquired in 1846?

1. Oregon 2. Washington 3. Idaho 4. Montana 5. Wyoming

Why did Americans first come to settle Oregon Territory during the 1830s?

1. There was a lot of animal fur 2. Wanted to spread American culture (missionary work) 3. Opportunity to buy land to farm---claim land and settle in fertile Willamette Valley

For what five reasons did many Americans support Manifest Destiny?

1. access natural resources 2. more agricultural land 3. new markets -- eastern merchants desired access to pacific ports to open trade with asia -- forging relationships expand into business areas 4. fear of british imperialism (power) spreading in north america 5. spread american culture -- our democracy -- The belief that the American culture had superior character, ideas, religion, and system of government that were destined to dominate the world.

What three economic incentives did the Mexican government offer Americans to encourage them to come and settle Texas?

1. cheap land 2. slavery was allowed 3. low taxes

For how many years did Texas remain an independent country before Congress finally voted to admit it to the Union in 1845?

9 years

What was the main reason for the democrats' support of Manifest Destiny?

They wanted to expand the cotton kingdom and expand slavery.

Why did the United States make the Gadsden Purchase from Mexico in 1854?

To make a transcontinental railroad. A railroad that basically goes through the country.

At what battle were nearly 200 Texans killed by Mexican troops at the start of the Texas Revolution?

Battle of Alamo

At what battle did American forces capture Mexico's leader, Santa Anna, and force him to surrender and recognize Texas independence?

Battle of San Jacinto

Who was responsible for leading the Mormons to Utah after Joseph Smith was murdered?

Brigham Young

Members of which political party were hawkish in the pursuit of Manifest Destiny?

Democrats

What was James K. Polk's position on annexing Texas and Oregon?

He wanted to make Texas part of the U.S. and wanted to take all of Oregon from the British.

Who did the Whigs nominate to run for president from Kentucky in 1844?

Henry Clay

What type of foreign policy involves the extension of a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force?

Imperialism

What body of water did Americans believe our nation's western border was destined to reach during this period?

Pacific Ocean

What unique practice was the cause of this religion's persecution while they lived in New York and Illinois?

Polygamy

What nickname was given to the people who flooded into California in search of gold during the late 1840s?

The 49ers (during the gold rush)

How was the joint occupation of Oregon between Britain and the United States eventually settled?

The 49th parallel was the boundary between our Oregon and British land thanks to the treaty of 1846 (oregon treaty).

For what economic reason did Mexico invite Americans to settle Texas after gaining independence in 1821?

Americans were invited to cultivate cotton to bring in revenue to the Mexican government; So they could gain money from the cotton the Americans grew.

Who did the Democrats nominate to run for president from Tennessee in 1844?

James K. Polk

What's another term that describes an aggressive foreign policy with a willingness to use force to achieve a nation's desired goals?

Jingosim

What U.S. acquisition of territory from France in 1803 began our nation's destined expansion across North America?

Louisiana Territory

What was the name of the 19th century American belief that the United States was destined to expand across North America?

Manifest Destiny

What was the big issue of the 1844 Presidential Election?

Manifest Destiny -- people were arguing about what they were going to do with that land, oregon, texas, etc.-- annexation of texas and oregon

What was the name of the territory the United States acquired from Mexico as a result of winning the Mexican-American War?

Mexican Cession 1848

What war erupted between the U.S. and Mexico over this dispute of where the boundary between the U.S. and Mexico was?

Mexican-American War

What river did Mexico claim was the boundary between Texas and Mexico?

Nueces River

Where in Utah did this religious first settle?

Salt Lake City, Utah

Who was the "George Washington" of the Texas Revolution?

Sam Houston

From what country did Mexico gain its independence in 1821?

Spain

What religious group, founded by Joseph Smith in upstate New York, migrated west to settle in Utah?

The Mormons

What river did the United States claim was the boundary between Texas and Mexico?

The Rio Grande river