Chapter 9 P +SCM

Expediting

Applying pressure to a supplier, in this case the transportation carrier, in an attempt to encourage faster-than-normal delivery service.

Exempt carriers

For-hire carriers exempt from regulation of rates and services.

Uniform straight bill of lading

The complete bill of lading containing the complete contract terms and conditions. The straight bill of lading-short form contains those provisions uniform to both motor and rail. Short bills are not furnished by carriers but instead are preprinted by shippers.

Bill of Lading

The key document in the movement of goods; it contains information about the products being shipped including weight and quantity, the origin of the shipment, contract terms between the carrier and shipper, and the final destination.

Carrier

Transports property or people by any means of conveyance (truck, auto, taxi, bus, railroad, ship, airplane), almost always for a charge. Carriers for RF waves are air (wireless), copper wire and fiber optic cable.

Truckload (TL)

Typically long-haul routes of full truckload at a lower cost per hundredweight (cwt) than an LTL shipment over the same distance.

Less-than-truck-load (LTL)

Typically short haul route of a partially filled truck compared to truckload (TL) shipments, while the cost per hundredweight (cwt) is generally higher compared to TL shipments over the same distance.

Demurrage charges

A daily penalty charge incurred by shippers or receivers of merchandise when a rail car or a motor van is tied up beyond the normal time for loading or unloading; sometimes called detention charges for motor carriers.

Pipeline

A mode of transportation that can only transport products in either a liquid or gaseous state

Uniform order bill of lading

A sight draft bill of lading; a negotiable instrument that must be surrendered to the carrier at destination before goods can be obtained; prevents delivery until payment is made for the goods.

Expedited transportation

Any shipment that requires pickup service and includes a specific delivery guarantee.

Brokers

Charge shippers a fee for arranging transportation services with a carrier.

Free on Board (FOB)

Goods are delivered to a specified point with all transport charges paid.

Intermodal freight services

Includes containers on flatcars (COFC) and truck trailers on flatcars (TOFC), referred to as piggyback systems.

Unit bill of lading:

Includes the railroad's way-bill which moves with the shipment and may be of assistance in expediting freight movement.

Third-party logistics (3PL) service providers

Provide a wide range of logistics services for clients, with the most popular being warehousing, outbound and inbound transportation, freight bill auditing and payment, freight consolidation and distribution, cross-docking, product marking, and packaging and returns.

Private carrier

Provides transportation for its company's own products and the company owns (or leases) all related equipment and facilities.

Tracing

Similar to follow-up; attempt to determine the status (location) of items that have been shipped but have not yet been received, and thus are somewhere within the transportation system

Contract carrier

a for-hire carrier that provides service to a limited number of shippers and operates under specific contractual arrangements that specify rates and services.

Radio frequency (RF) waves

a mode of transportation for information; carriers for RF waves are air (wireless), copper wire and fiberoptic cable.

Freight forwarders

buy dedicated space on scheduled carriers.

Logistics

management of inventory in motion and at rest; defined by the Council of Logistics Management as "that part of the supply chain that plans, implements, and controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services, and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption in order to meet customers' requirements."

Intermodality

ntegrating modes of transportation.

Common carriers

offer transportation service to all shippers at published rates, in a nondiscriminatory basis, between designated points; have considerable flexibility in establishing rates and routes.

Mode of transportation

the means by which people, freight or information gain mobility. The three basic means of mobility are: land (road, rail and pipeline), water and air. Radio frequency (RF) waves are a transportation mode that moves information instantaneously.

Customs house brokers

used for importing products; they ensure that documentation is accurate and complete, and can provide a variety of other services, such as providing estimates of landed costs, payments to foreign suppliers, and insurance.