Chapter 9 socioclogy

How dose Talcott Parsons view gender Inequality?

According to Talcott Parsons Men are more suited for an instrumental role (the person who provides the family's material support and is often an authority figure). Women are more suited for an expressive role (the person who provides the family's emotional support and nurturing).

How do Functionalists view gender Inequality?

Functionalists Believe that there are social roles better suited to one gender than the other, and that societies are more stable when certain tasks are done by the appropriate sex.

What is Gender Inequality?

Gender inequality can be found in all past and present societies. There are several sociological theories that attempt to explain why this inequality has persisted in contemporary societies.

What Is Gender?

Gender refers to the physical, behavioral, and personality traits that a group considers normal for its male and female members.

What is Gender role socialization?

Gender role socialization is the lifelong process of learning to be masculine or feminine, primarily through four main agents of socialization: families, schools, peers, and the media.

What is Homophobia?

Homophobia is a fear of or discrimination toward homosexuals or toward individuals who display purportedly gender-inappropriate behavior.

What is Gender role socialization in view of peers?

In Western societies, peer groups are an important agent of socialization. Teens are rewarded by peers when they conform to gender norms and stigmatized when they do not.

How do Symbolic Interactionists view gender Inequality?

Interactionists emphasize how the concept of gender is socially constructed, maintained, and reproduced in our everyday lives.

In the United States, the history of the women's movement can be divided into three historical waves. What is the second wave?

The second wave was the period of feminist activity during the 1960's and 1970's, often associated with the issues of women's equal access to employment and education.

In the United States, the history of the women's movement can be divided into three historical waves. What is the first wave?

The first wave was the earliest period of feminist activism and included the period from the mid-nineteenth century until American women won the right to vote in 1920. The campaign organized around gaining voting rights for women was called the suffrage movement.

What is men's movement called and definition?

The men's movement, called male liberationism, was a movement that originated in the 1970's to discuss the challenges of masculinity.

In the United States, the history of the women's movement can be divided into three historical waves. What is the third wave?

The third wave is the most recent period of feminist activity and focuses on issues of diversity and the variety of identities that women can possess.

Is sexual orientation a continuum rather than a few simple categories?

yes

Men's movement

Although originally broadly sympathetic with feminism, the men's movement has now split into the men's rights movement (a group that feels that feminism creates disadvantages for men) and the pro-feminist men's movement (a group that feels that sexism harms both men and women and wants to fundamentally change society's ideas about gender).

What Is Sex and what it refers to?

Although the terms sex and gender are often used interchangeably, sociologists differentiate between the two. Sex refers to an individual's membership in one of two biologically distinct categories—male or female.

How do Conflict theorists view gender Inequality?

Believe men have historically had access to most of society's material resources and privileges. Therefore, it is in their interest to try to maintain their dominant position.

How dose a Essentialists see gender?

Essentialists see gender as biological and permanent—it is a simple, two-category system. Your chromosomes, hormones, and genitalia determine your identity.

How is language used in gender inequality?

Even our language and vocabulary tend to reflect a hierarchal system of gender inequality.

What is Gender role socialization in family perspective?

Families are usually the primary source of socialization and greatly impact gender role socialization.

What is Feminism?

Feminism is the belief in the social, political, and economic equality of the sexes and the social movements organized around that belief.

What is Gender role socialization in a sex-role behavior?

Finally, there is no question that sex-role behavior is portrayed in a highly stereotypical manner in all forms of the media: television, movies, magazines, books, video games, and so on.

What is the Constructionist Approach to Gender Identity?

Most sociologists use a constructionist approach and see gender as a social construction and acknowledge the possibility that the male and female categories are not the only way of classifying individuals.

What is Gender role socialization in school?

Schools also socialize children into their gender roles. For instance, research shows that teachers treat boys and girls differently. This may teach children that there are different expectations of them, based on their sex

What is Second shift?

Second shift is a term that describes the unpaid housework and child care often expected of a woman, even after she completes a day of paid labor outside of the home.

How is sex and gender important?

Sex and gender affect almost every significant aspect of our lives. Even lifespan is different depending on sex!

What is Sexual orientation?

Sexual orientation is the inclination to be heterosexual (attracted to the opposite sex), homosexual (attracted to the same sex), or bisexual (attracted to either sex). Those who are asexual may simply reject any sexual identity at all.

What is Social learning theory?

Social learning theory suggests that babies and children learn behaviors and meanings through social interaction and internalize the expectations of those around them.

What is feminization of poverty?

This has led to a situation called the feminization of poverty, which is the economic trend that women are more likely than men to live in poverty, due in part to the gendered gap in wages, the higher proportion of single mothers compared to single fathers, and the increasing cost of child care.

How are women at a disadvantage?

Women are disadvantaged in institutional settings in our society. Women tend to: Do a disproportionate amount of housework Earn less on average than their male peers at work Remain more likely to live in poverty