Chapter 9 The Greek World

Cavalry

A unit of soldiers mounted on horses

_____ destroyed Thebes and enslaved its people.

Alexander

Which would most likely be true if Alexander had not died at a young age?

Alexander's empire would have grown even larger.

Alliance

An agreement to work together

Reason

Clear & ordered thinking

After the son of Cyrus the Great died, _____ seized power.

Darius

Athenian domination of the ______ caused Sparta to declare war on Athens.

Delian league

After he died, Alexander was buried in ____.

Egypt

Many geometry rules from the writings of _____ are still used today.

Euclid

Greek statues of people were usually not very realistic.

False

The democratic society of Athens allowed women to have more rights than other cities.

False

Satraps

Governors of Persian provinces

Why was Cyrus the Great a good leader?

He had a strong army, people respected him because he did not interfere with their daily lives and let them keep their beliefs and customs.

What three parts was Alexander's kingdom divided into after he died?

Hellenistic Macedonia, Hellenistic Syria, Hellenistic Egypt.

The spread of ______ brought Greek customs to new parts of the world.

Hellenistic culture

What happened after Alexander & his army crossed the Indus River in India?

His exhausted troops refused to fight anymore

Who were the highly skilled and trained soldiers that fought for Persia?

Immortals

As ruler of Persia, what was Darius most interested in doing?

Making Persia's empire strong

Who did Persia defeat to win its independence?

Medes

The most famous piece of Greek architecture is the _____, which is located in Athens.

Parthenon.

Cyrus the Great is considered the founder of the ______ Empire.

Persian

In 334 BC, Alexander attacked the _____.

Persians

What was the relationship between Philip of Macedonia & Alexander the Great?

Phillip was Alexander's father

What was the most important aspect of life in Sparta?

Preparing for battles

One improvement that Darius made to the Persian empire was the creation of

Roads

All 3 Hellenistic kingdoms were eventually conquered by the _____.

Romans

Because people were upset by his ideas and questioning of the gods ______ was arrested and sentenced to death.

Socrates

Who is a famous Greek playwright?

Sophocles

Who ultimately won the Peloponnesian War?

Sparta

What was the result of the Peloponnesian War?

Sparta became the most powerful city-state in Greece.

Greeks were also famous for the ______ which were part of their religious ceremonies.

dramas or plays

Hippocrates said that doctors should behave ____ when taking care of a patient.

ethically or professionally

Greece and Macedonia were both members of the Delian League.

false

Greek doctors relied on the help of the gods to heal patients.

false

Hippocrates said a person could take care of patients before they finish medical school. (true/false)

false

Only the wealthiest Spartans had luxuries like soft furniture and fine food.

false

What is the study of lines, angles, and shapes?

geometry

How did Darius restore order to the Persian Empire?

he divided the empire into 20 provinces ruled by a satrap and he made sure they remained loyal.

What inference can you make about Alexander?

he enjoyed being a military commander.

Alexander died at the age of 33 after _______.

he got sick in Babylon.

Why did Darius fill Persia's capital city with gold, silver, and beautiful artwork?

he wanted the city to reflect the glory of the empire.

Why was Thucydides important?

he wrote a history of the Peloponnesian War in which he fought. He tried to tell about the war in a way that was fair to both sides and it influenced later historians.

What made Philip such a successful military leader?

his soldiers fought as a phalanx like the Greeks but they had longer spears to attack first and he used cavalry and archers.

Sparta was known for its _______.

military power

Did women in Athens receive a formal education?

no

What is a group of warriors standing close together in a square?

phalanx

What is clear and ordered thinking?

reason

What are the governors of Persian provinces?

satraps

From an early age, Spartan boys were trained to be _____.

soldiers

What caused Darius to first become angry with the Greeks?

some Greeks gave aid to other Greeks who rebelled against Persia.

Spartan women also received physical training and learned how to run, jump, wrestle, and throw the javelin. This would imply that Spartan women were ______.

strong and healthy

How would you describe the Persian army?

strong and well organized

Most Greek temples were surrounded by _____.

tall columns

What allowed Philip of Macedonia to easily conquer the Greeks?

the Greeks did not unite to fight Philip.

Athenians believed that studying ____ made people better citizens.

the arts

Why was Zoroastrianism popular in Persia for many centuries?

the religion made sense to many Persians.

The many achievements of ancient Greece were important because ____.

they strongly shaped Western civilization.

Aristotle taught that people should use reason to govern their lives.

true

Athenian boys were taught both military skills and about art and culture.

true

Cyrus the Great's treatment of conquered people helped him successfully rule a large empire. (true/false)

true

Early in their history, the Persians were nomadic. (true/false)

true

Plays were first created to be included in religious ceremonies.

true

Women in Athens had very little rights. (true/false)

true

Greek painters created detailed scenes in red and black on ____.

vases

What can you say about the Ancient Greeks based on their achievements?

The Ancient Greeks valued Philosophy & Art

Cyrus the Great's treatment of conquered people helped him successfully rule a large empire.

True

What was the most important thing in life according to Greek Philosophers?

Using the human mind to think & understand

What is a religion based on the battle between good and evil?

Zoroastrian

What is an agreement to work together?

alliance

Socrates taught by _____.

asking questions

How were Xerxes I and Darius similar?

both men wanted to conquer Greece

What is a unit of soldiers mounted on horses?

calvary

In Greek plays, they used _____ to make serious points about war, laws, and famous people.

comedy

Early Greek philosophers were important because they were the first people to ______.

consider explanations for events other than that they were the work of the gods.

Spartans did not place much value in ______.

creativity

Phalanx

A group of warriors standing close together in a square

At what age were Spartan men done serving in the army?

60

Parthenon

A building constructed in Athens in the 400s BC

Sophocles

A famous Greek playwright

____ taught that people should live lives of moderation.

Aristotle

What do you think Aristotle would have said about the Spartan way of life and why?

Aristotle might have though Spartan culture should have more moderation. They focused all of their energy on military and not much of art and science.

The Parthenon is dedicated to ____.

Athena

What caused the beginning of the Peloponnesian War?

Athens had become the biggest power in Greece and Sparta wanted to stop its growth.

In Athens, most boys from poor families

Became farmers & grew food for the wealthy

Helots were an important part of ______ society.

Spartan

Why did Spartan women have more rights than Athenian women?

Spartan women had to take care of things while the men were at war and needed those rights.

Hippocrates

The greatest Greek doctor