Chapter One Fire Protection Systems

Size of a structure

What factor has a significant impact on fire growth, in addition to the shape of surrounding walls, ceilings, and roofs?

The fire triangle

What has served as a teaching tool to geometrically depict the relationship between fuel, air, and heat?

Heavy, dense material

What type of material is generally the best for heat transfer through conduction, because it absorbs and transmits heat rapidly and evenly?

Smoldering/decay stage

When a fire begins to subside to the point at which the available fuel is exhausted or the oxygen level drops below 16 percent, it has reached which stage of fire?

Class D

Which class of fire involves combustible metals and dusts that are generally extinguished using a dry powder extinguishing agent?

Foam

Which commonly used suppression agent can cover leaking fuel so that oxygen cannot reach the fuel?

Water

Which of the following extinguishing agents is NOT used to break the chain reaction through displacing the available oxygen?

Convection

Which of the following forms of heat transfer occurs from one body to another through a medium such as a liquid or gas?

The fire tetrahedron

Which of the following is a geometric depiction, developed through ongoing research, showing how fire is sustained by a chain reaction?

Incipient Stage

Which of the following stages of fire occurs when the heat source, fuel, and oxygen come together to generate more heat than is dissipated, thus promoting the uninhibited chain reaction?

Class K

Which type of fire involves cooking appliances using combustible vegetable or animal oils and fats?

Smoldering

Which type of fire, usually seen with charcoal briquettes and burning cigarettes, has no flame but still generates significant heat?

Plastic

Which type of material produces twice the amount of heat per pound than common combustibles?

Class C

______ fires involve energized electrical equipment, so the choice of extinguishing agents must be appropriate to minimize potential danger to those involved in fighting the fire.

Water

_______ is the most effective suppression agent for Class A fires because it has the ability to absorb the heat and reduce the temperature below the material's ignition temperature.

Combustion

A chemical reaction in which a combustible material and an oxidizing agent produce heat or energy, and other products that promote a self-sustaining process.

Free burning stage

At which stage will a fire survive by consuming the air and materials necessary to generate the flammable gas and sustain combustion?

Smothering

Class B fires involving flammable and combustible liquids are typically extinguished through which action?

Removing or interrupting the fuel supply

Fire fighters sometimes intentionally set controlled fires to remove fuel ahead of a hostile, uncontrolled fire. This is known as:

Underwriters Laboratories

In the 1900s, which of the following organizations developed a method of classifying or categorizing fires based on the extinguishing agent that was appropriate for the type of fire?

Flashover stage

In this transition stage, the temperature in a room or space reaches a point at which all of the surfaces of the room or space simultaneously ignite, immediately leading to full room involvement.

Conduction

Of the different methods of heat transfer, which is the transfer of heat from one body of material to another by direct contact?

8000

The design of water-based fire extinguishing systems is based on the premise that one gallon of water, when properly applied, can absorb how many British thermal units?

Fire Compartment

The effect of convection is directly influenced by the size and shape of the

Diffusion Flame

This type of fire is the most recognizable, can be seen by lighting a match, and requires the presence of a combustible gas because the visible flame is a gaseous reaction.

Premixed Flame

This type of fire requires an appropriate amount of gas fuel and air to mix before ignition or combustion occurs

Spontaneous Combustion

This type of fire starts without a known external heat source being applied to the combustible material.

Radiation

is the form of heat transfer that occurs through electromagnetic energy. One example of this process is the sun heating the earth through millions of miles of space.