Chapter One: The Human Body: An Orientation Quiz

What is the order or hierarchy of structures within the body?

1 - Cells 2 - Tissues 3 - Organs 4 - Organ Systems 5 - Organisms cells --> tissues --> organs --> organ systems --> organism

Explain the principle of complementarity

Anatomy and physiology are inseparable because what a structure can do depends on its specific form; function always reflects structure

32) Which of the following statements is most correct of homeostatic imbalance? A) It is considered the cause of most diseases. B) The internal environment is becoming more stable. C) Positive feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed. D) Negative feedback mechanisms are functioning normally.

Answer: A

43) A vertical section through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior, is called ________. A) frontal B) median C) sagittal D) transverse

Answer: A

If you consider your home air conditioner in terms of homeostasis then the wall thermostat would be the ________. A) control center B) receptor C) effector D) variable

Answer: A

25) Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains ________. A) the lowest possible energy usage B) a relatively stable internal environment, within limits C) a static state with no deviation from preset points D) a dynamic state within an unlimited range

Answer: B

6) The main, general purpose of negative feedback is ________. A) to control all body system tissues B) to maintain homeostasis C) to keep the bodyʹs sugar high D) to regulate excretion

Answer: B

1) A structure that is composed of two or more tissues would be ________. A) a complex tissue B) an organ system C) an organ D) a complex cell

Answer: C

17) Which of the following statements is true concerning feedback mechanisms? A) Positive feedback mechanisms always result in excessive damage to the host. B) Negative feedback mechanisms tend to increase the original stimulus. C) Negative feedback mechanisms work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body. D) Blood glucose levels are regulated by positive feedback mechanisms.

Answer: C

18) The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except ________. A) body erect B) arms at sides C) palms turned posteriorly D) thumbs pointed laterally

Answer: C

19) A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be ________. A) body temperature regulation B) regulating glucose levels in the blood C) enhancement of labor contractions D) blood calcium level regulation

Answer: C

20) A parasagittal plane is ________. A) a transverse cut just above the knees B) two cuts dividing the body into left and right halves C) any sagittal plane except the median D) any cut dividing the body into anterior and posterior

Answer: C

39) The frontal plane is also called the ______ plane. A) vertical B) oblique C) coronal D) median

Answer: C

4) ________ means toward or at the back of the body, behind. A) Anterior B) Lateral C) Distal D) Dorsal Answer: D

Answer: C

42) A vertical section through the body, dividing it into left and right, is called ________. A) frontal B) regional C) sagittal D) transverse

Answer: C

13) Which of the following would not be functional characteristics of life? A) movement B) responsiveness to external stimuli C) maintenance of boundaries D) decay

Answer: D

21) Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region? A) appendix B) stomach C) liver D) intestines

Answer: D

41) A horizontal section through the body is called ________. A) frontal B) regional C) sagittal D) transverse

Answer: D

8) Survival needs of the body include ________. A) nutrients, water, movement, and reproduction B) nutrients, water, growth, and reproduction C) water, atmospheric pressure, growth, and movement D) nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen

Answer: D

9) The heart lies in the ________ cavity. A) superior mediastinal B) pleural C) dorsal D) pericardial

Answer: D

Give an example of the principle of Complementarity in your body

Bones can support and protect body organs because they contain hard mineral deposits. Blood flows in one direction because the heart has valves that prevent backflow