CHECKED Chapter 6 quiz answers: The Purpose of Criminal Punishment Quiz

A negative right is (All of these:) The right not to be stopped from pursuing the things you need, The right not to be interfered with, Does not require fellow citizens to help you fulfill your needs

*FOR THE ANSWER JUST REPEAT THE WHOLE THING* A negative right is (All of these:) The right not to be stopped from pursuing the things you need, The right not to be interfered with, Does not require fellow citizens to help you fulfill your needs

ALL OF THESE ARE true of punishment: It expresses more than disapproval, It has a symbolic significance largely missing from other kinds of penalties, It is a conventional device

*FOR THE ANSWER JUST REPEAT THE WHOLE THING* ALL OF THESE ARE true of punishment: It expresses more than disapproval, It has a symbolic significance largely missing from other kinds of penalties, It is a conventional device

(An example of a positive right in the criminal justice system is A.) The right to an attorney if you can not afford one

An example of a positive right in the criminal justice system is A. The right to an attorney if you can not afford one B. The right to remain silent C. The right to a phone call D. The right to confront your accusers

(Individual or specific deterrence seeks to B.) deter the individual punished ("Individual deterrence involves deterring someone who has already offended from reoffending; general deterrence involves dissuading potential offenders from offending at all by way of the punishment administered for a particular offense. Individual deterrence relies on offenders receiving a taste of the punishment they will receive if they reoffend, and it can be seen operationally in "short, sharp, shock punishments," such as boot camps, which are used as an alternative to imprisonment and are clearly aimed at subjecting offenders to a regime that will shock them out of any further criminal conduct. General deterrence takes the form of legislation imposing penalties for specific offenses in the belief that those penalties will deter or prevent persons from committing those offenses. An example of an attempt at general deterrence would be significantly increasing the penalties for driving under the influence DUI in an effort to deter citizens from drunk driving.")

Individual (or specific) deterrence seeks to ______. A. control crime by keeping criminals out of society B. deter the individual punished C. deter potential offenders from crime. D. deter both the individual and the public

(It is not enough to establish a legal justification for punishment; society must also establish the D.) moral (justification for it)

It is not enough to establish a legal justification for punishment; society must also establish the ______ justification for it A. Historical B. Public C. Cost-benefit D. moral

(Legislation that imposes penalties for specific offenses in the belief that those penalties will deter or prevent persons from committing those offenses is a form of D.) General (deterrence)

Legislation that imposes penalties for specific offenses in the belief that those penalties will deter or prevent persons from committing those offenses is a form of ______ deterrence. A. Retributive B. Specific C. Individual D. general

(Sentencing guidelines were prompted by the growing interest in A.) just deserts (theory) ("The emergence of just deserts theory in the 1980s put an end to indeterminate sentencing and introduced sentencing guidelines and sentencing commissions as attempts were made to fix proportionate sentences.")

Sentencing guidelines were prompted by the growing interest in ______ theory. A. just deserts B. Retribution C. Incapacitation D. Utilitarian

(The justification for punishment based on turning the offender into a law-abiding person is called A.) Rehabilitation ("a rehabilitation theory of punishment holds that punishment should aim at the reformation of offenders and assist their transition from criminal to law abiding citizen")

The justification for punishment based on turning the offender into a law-abiding person is called ______. A. Rehabilitation B. Incapacitation C. just deserts D. Deterrence

(The theory of punishment that assumes that people will refrain from crime because of fear of punishment is B.) Deterrence (difference between deterrence and rehabilitation is that "deterrence attempts to convince us to avoid crime out of fear of punishment," whereas "rehabilitation attempts to convince us to avoid crime because we should not perform crime")

The theory of punishment that assumes that people will refrain from crime because of fear of punishment is ______. A. Retribution B. Deterrence C. Incapacitation D. just deserts

(Theories that set the goal of punishment as the prevention of future crime are derived from A.) Utilitarian (philosophy) ("Theories that set the goal of punishment as the prevention of future crime [deterrence] are usually referred to as utilitarian because they are derived from utilitarian philosophy. Past-oriented theories [theories that focus on the past actions of the offender] are referred to as retributivist because they seek retribution from offenders for their crimes. The retributivist conception of punishment includes the notion that the purpose of punishment is to allocate moral blame to offenders for the crimes and that their future conduct is not a proper concern for deciding punishment." "deterrence is a forward-looking punishment theory because it looks to future criminality")

Theories that set the goal of punishment as the prevention of future crime are derived from ______ philosophy. A. Utilitarian B. just deserts C. Draconian D. Retributivist

(Utilitarian and retributive theories of punishment differ primarily in their A.) perspective, as being forward-looking (future) or backward-looking past

Utilitarian and retributive theories of punishment differ primarily in their ______. A. perspective, as being forward-looking (future) or backward-looking past B. ability to justify the stated purposes of punishment C. emphasis on severity of punishment D. micro- or macro-level approach

(A.) It provides closure to victims (is not a criticism of just deserts theory) (which makes the others criticisms of just deserts theory: "It lacks any principle that determines a properly commensurate sentence."&"It fails to take account of the fact that there are multiple discretions involved in the sentencing power."&"It fails to account for the problem of just deserts in an unjust world")

Which of the following is not a criticism of just deserts theory? A. It provides closure to victims B. It lacks any principle that determines a properly commensurate sentence. C. It fails to account for the problem of just deserts in an unjust world D. It fails to take account of the fact that there are multiple discretions involved in the sentencing power.

(A.) Punishing some innocent people is a price of general deterrence (would not be a belief of a retributivist)

Which of the following would not be a belief of a retributivist? A. Punishing some innocent people is a price of general deterrence B. Offenders have taken unfair advantage of others. C. Offenders are paying a debt to society. D. Punishment is a censure of offenders.

(B.) Deontological (theory argues that we should rehabilitate criminals because it is just to do so and because each person possesses moral worth)

Which theory argues that we should rehabilitate criminals because it is just to do so and because each person possesses moral worth? A. Deterrence theory B. Deontological theory C. Denunciation theory D. Restorative theory

(D.) Retribution (theory of punishment follows lex talionis)

Which theory of punishment follows lex talionis? A. Incapacitation B. Deterrence C. Rehabilitation D. Retribution

(B.) Incapacitation (theory of punishment is most likely to be effective for dealing with "career criminals")

Which theory of punishment is most likely to be effective for dealing with "career criminals"? A. Retribution B. Incapacitation C. Rehabilitation D. deterrence

(With regard to deterrence, the author of the text concludes that overall D.) There is little agreement among researchers about whether general deterrence works

With regard to deterrence, the author of the text concludes that overall ______. A. the evidence shows that general deterrence works but individual deterrence does not B. neither form of deterrence has any significant effect on crime C. the evidence shows that individual deterrence works but general deterrence does not D. There is little agreement among researchers about whether general deterrence works