Chem 1.1-1.4

Which of the following options correctly reflect the relationships between units of volume? Select all that apply. 1 m3 = 1 L 1 dm3 = 10 mL 1 mL = 1 cm3 1 dm3 = 1000 mL 1 L = 1000 mL

1 mL = 1 cm3 1 dm3 = 1000 mL 1 L = 1000 mL

Which of the following are examples of exact numbers? Select all that apply. 100 degrees Celsius between the freezing and boiling points of water 268 attendees at a conference 45.2 kilojoules of heat produced in a reaction A coin with a mass of 5.6 grams 16 ounces in a pound

100 degrees Celsius between the freezing and boiling points of water 268 attendees at a conference 16 ounces in a pound

There are 12 inches in 1 foot. Select ALL the conversion factors that correctly express this relationship. 1 ft × 12 in 1/1ft×12in 12in/ 1ft 1ft/ 12in

12in/ 1ft 1ft/ 12in

Which of the following expressions is not an exact number? 2.54 cm/inch 12 eggs in a dozen 5280 feet per mile 190.0 grams of water

190.0 grams of water

Which of the following options correctly describe accuracy and precision? Select all that apply. Accuracy is the term used to compare an experimental result to the "true" or accepted value. Precision is the term used to refer to how close a series of measurements are to each other. Highly accurate measurements are rarely precise. Precise measurements have a high degree of random error (variability).

Accuracy is the term used to compare an experimental result to the "true" or accepted value. Precision is the term used to refer to how close a series of measurements are to each other.

What are significant digits in a quantity? All the reported digits, both certain and uncertain Only those digits that are known with certainty The digits known with certainty plus 2 or 3 estimated digits The digits known with certainty less one

All the reported digits, both certain and uncertain

What are significant digits in a quantity? The digits known with certainty less one The digits known with certainty plus 2 or 3 estimated digits All the reported digits, both certain and uncertain Only those digits that are known with certainty

All the reported digits, both certain and uncertain

What is a quantitative property of a substance? Any property that can be measured Any property that cannot be measured Any property that can be observed

Any property that can be measured

Which temperature scales are regularly used in chemical measurement? Select all that apply. Fahrenheit Celsius kelvin

Celsius kelvin

How do exact numbers affect the significant figures of the answer to a calculation? Exact numbers do not limit the number of significant figures in a calculation. Exact numbers determine the number of significant figures if there are no other types of numbers present. The significant figures in an exact number must be taken into account in a calculation.

Exact numbers do not limit the number of significant figures in a calculation.

A student carried out an experiment using a circular piece of aluminum foil (of known thickness) to determine the value of π. The accepted value of π is 3.1416. The student's results were 3.0089, 3.0091, 3.0087, and 3.0093. Select the best statement about this student's results in regard to precision and accuracy. Low precision and low accuracy High precision and high accuracy High precision and low accuracy Low precision and high accuracy

High precision and low accuracy

Which options correctly describe the procedures used to determine the number of significant digits in a reported quantity? Start at the right and count all the nonzero digits in the number. If the quantity has no decimal point, zeros to the right of the nonzero number may or may not be significant. Start at the left and move right until you reach the first nonzero digit. Zeros between other nonzero digits are not significant if there is no decimal point. All digits from the first nonzero digit onward (going to the right) are significant, if there is a decimal point.

If the quantity has no decimal point, zeros to the right of the nonzero number may or may not be significant. Start at the left and move right until you reach the first nonzero digit. All digits from the first nonzero digit onward (going to the right) are significant, if there is a decimal point.

What is the unit abbreviation for the absolute temperature scale? K oC oF oK

K

A student weighs a sample of a compound three times; his three measurements are 8.56 g, 8.77 g, and 8.83 g. The true value is 8.72 g. Select the best statement about this student's results in regard to precision and accuracy. High precision and high accuracy High precision and low accuracy Low precision and high accuracy Low precision and low accuracy

Low precision and high accuracy

A nail is measured with a ruler and its length is reported as 5.46 cm. Which of the following options correctly describe the certainty and uncertainty represented in this recorded measurement? Select all that apply. The uncertainty can be expressed by reporting the measurement as 5.46 ± 0.01 cm. The uncertainty can be expressed by reporting the measurement as 5.46 ± 0.1 cm. All three digits shown in the measurement are known with certainty. The uncertainty is understood to be in the final digit of the measurement.

The uncertainty can be expressed by reporting the measurement as 5.46 ± 0.01 cm. The uncertainty is understood to be in the final digit of the measurement.

When expressing a measurement, what MUST be included in order for the measurement to have any meaning? The number of decimal places in the measurement The number of significant figures in the measurement The units of the measurement

The units of the measurement

Why must a measurement be expressed with the appropriate unit? Without units, a measurement is meaningless. Units allow us to determine whether a measurement is quantitative or qualitative. Without units, the number of significant figures cannot be determined.

Without units, a measurement is meaningless.

Which of the following statements correctly describe how to determine if a zero in a reported number is significant? Select all that apply. "Trailing zeros" in a whole number, like 600, are assumed to be significant. Zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit are not significant. Zeros between nonzero digits are not significant. "Trailing zeros" to the right of the last nonzero number may or may not be significant, if the quantity does not have a decimal point.

Zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit are not significant. "Trailing zeros" to the right of the last nonzero number may or may not be significant, if the quantity does not have a decimal point.

Which of the following are non-SI units commonly used in chemical measurement? Select all that apply. degree Fahrenheit BTU atomic mass unit degree Celsius angstrom

atomic mass unit degree Celsius angstrom

When adding or subtracting quantities, the answer is rounded so that it has the same number of ______ in the quantity that has the fewest of these. When multiplying or dividing, the answer is rounded to contain the same number of ______ in the quantity that has the fewest of these. significant figures, significant figures significant figures, digits after the decimal digits after the decimal, significant figures digits after the decimal, digits after the decimal

digits after the decimal, significant figures

An ________ number is a number with a defined value, or a number obtained by counting. All other numbers are considered measured _______ numbers.

exact, inexact

A number that is part of a unit definition has no uncertainty associated with it and is called a(n) _____ number. Such numbers do not limit the number of _____ figures in a calculation.

exact, significant

Every measurement includes some uncertainty, which is usually assumed to be reflected by one unit in the _____ digit of the number. All the digits recorded in a measurement are called the _____ figures of the measurement. first, significant final, significant final, certain first, uncertain

final, significant

The mass of an object ____ the same on the Moon as it is on Earth. The weight of an object _____ the same on the Moon as it is on Earth. is not, is not is, is not is, is Is not, is

is, is not

The density of a liquid is generally expressed in units of grams per ____, whereas the density of a gas is generally expressed in units of grams per ____. mL, mL L, mL L, L mL, L

mL, L

A property of a substance that can be measured and expressed with a number is known as a(n) ______ property. physical quantitative qualitative exact

quantitative

The last digit in a measured value, whose exact value we cannot know for sure, is referred to as the ______. determinant digit certain digit uncertain digit rate-limiting digit

uncertain digit