Chem 1360 Exam 4 Review

Aluminum hydroxide is a popular antacid. The formula of aluminum hydroxide is

Al(OH)2-

Which of the following are characteristics of bases?

All are characteristics of bases. (taste bitter, reacts with acids to form salts, produce hydroxide ions when added to water)

What is reduced in the following reaction? 2 Bi3+ + 3 Mg -> 2 Bi + 3 Mg2+

Bi3+

Which of the following ingredients would not be an active ingredient in an antacid?

NaBr

This compound is a powerful oxidizing agent and a harmful pollutant; yet a layer of it in the upper stratosphere serves as a shield from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

O2 (ozone)

Acid rain is caused by acidic pollutants in the air. Which of the following pollutants does NOT contribute to acid rain?

ammonia, NH3

Which of the following is NOT a common oxidizing agent?

an antioxidant

Benzoyl peroxide, used in the treatment of acne, is

an oxidizing agent

In the reaction N2 + 32 -> 2 NH3, nitrogen is

an oxidizing agent

Swimming pools are "chlorinated" in order to

disinfect the water

In the following reaction, hydrogen is the __.

reducing agent

Sodium bisulfite converts bromine (Br2) to bromide (Br-). Sodium bisulfate is a(n)

reducing agent

Antioxidants are

reducing agents found in foods

All of the following are bases except

HNO3

A major advantage of lead storage batteries is that they are

rechargable

Lithium hydroxide is classified as a strong base in water. This means that it produces

100% of the maximum number of possible hydroxide ions

The pH = -log[H+] for a solution. The pOH = -log[OH-] for a solutoin. The pH and pOH are related, and their sum is equal to 14 (pH + pOH = 14). If the concentration of a dilute solution of potassium hydroxide is 0.001 M, what is the pH of that solution?

11

In the balanced chemical reaction for the neutralization of sodium hyrdroxide with sulfuric acid, H2SO4, the coefficient of water is

2

According to Arrhenius, an acid and a base will react to give

A salt plus water

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the neutralization of barium hydroxide with hyrdrochloric acid?

Ba(OH)2 + 2 HCl -> BaCl2 + 2 H20

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the neutralization of barium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid?

Ba(OH)2 + 2 HCl -> BaCl2 + 2 H2O

The compound CH3NH2 reacts with water to form CH3NH3+ and OH-. In this reaction, CH3NH2 is acting as a(n).

Base

In which of the following equations is the reactant undergoing oxidation? (Note: these reactions are not complete chemical equations)

C -> CO2

In which of the following is he reactant undergoing reductions?

C2H4O -> C2H6O

Lime is used in farming to reduce the acidity of the soil. The chemical name for lime is calcium oxide. When water in the soil reacts with lime, what base is formed?

Ca(OH)2

Consider the following reaction: 2 Fe + 3 Mg2+ -> 2 Fe3+ + 3 Mg. The half-reaction for the oxidation in this reaction is

Fe ->Fe3+ + 3e-

A sample of rainwater has a pH of 3.5. What ion is sure to be present in relatively large concentration in this rain sample?

H3O+

When added to water, which of the following would produce a base?

Li2O

Which of the following statements is true for electrochemical cells?

Oxidation occurs at the anode

Which of the following is a definition of reduction?

Reduction is the gain of hydrogen

When added to water, which of the following would produce an acid?

SO2

Foods that are acidic can be identified by their ___ taste.

Sour

Ammonia is classified as a weak base in water. This means that it produces

a relatively small fraction of the maximum number of possible hydroxide ions

The same number of moles of acetic acid and hydrogen chloride are placed in beakers containing water. After this addition, the beaker with the HCl has more hydronium ions than the beaker with added acid. HCl is classified as

a stronger acid than acetic acid

When the pH of the blood is too high, the condition is called

alkalosis

The removal of silver tarnish from silverware using aluminum foil and a solution of electrolyte is an example of

all of the above (oxidation of aluminum metal, reduction of silver ions, an electrochemical cell)

Aluminum is more reactive than iron is, but iron corrodes more quickly. This occurs because

aluminum develops a coating of aluminum oxide, which protects it from further reaction

All of the following are commonly involved in explosions except

aluminum metal

Many medicines have a bitter taste which manufacturers attempt to disguise. Many medicines are probable

bases

Photochromic lenses contain

both AgCl and CuCl embedded in the glass

All of the following are reducing agents except

chlorine

Which of the following is NOT a common reducing agent?

hydrogen peroxide

Silver is plated on copper by immersing a piece of copper into a solution containing silver ions. In the planting reaction, copper

is oxidized an is the reducing agent

The corrosion of metals, such as the rusting of iron, is an example of

oxidation

Most chemical explosions are __ reactions

oxidation-reduction

Given their mode of action, antiseptics are generally best classified as

oxidizing agents

Most household bleaches act as

oxidizing agents

Human cells obtain energy by

oxidizing carbohydrates

The only natural process that produces oxygen is

photosynthesis

All of the following are true for green oxidation catalysts except

they are often carcinogenic

In the photosynthesis reaction: 6 CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6 O2, the substance that serves as the reducing agent is

water

Citric acid is produced by oranges. When citric acid dissolves in water, it produces a relatively small number of hydronium ions. Citric acid is best described as a

weak acid