chem 307 exam 1
Discuss the underlying reasons for the rapid growth of crime laboratories in the US since the late 1960's
-Supreme court decisions in the 1960's responsible for police placing greater emphasis in scientifically evaluated evidence -Overflow with drug specimens due to accumulated drug abuse -DNA profiling
A single-layer paint chip can normally be expected to have _______ characteristics 1) Class 2) Individual 3) Personal 4) Special 5) none of the above
1) Class
Insect eggs collected at the crime scene should be preserved in; 1) 50% Acetone 2) 75% alcohol or 50% isopropyl alcohol 3) Formaldehyde 4) 50% methanol
2) 75% alcohol or 50% isopropyl alcohol
The process by which the body temperature cools after death is known as: 1) Rigor mortis 2) Algor mortis 3) Livor mortis 4) Denaturatation 5) Ambient degradation
2) Algor mortis
The most common first groups of insects to arrive at the crime scene are _________. 1) Muscidae or houseflies 2) Calliphoridae or blowflies 3) Piophilidae or cheese skippers 4) None of the above
2) Calliphoridae or blowflies
A single-layer paint chip can normally be expected to have _______ characteristics. 1) Physical 2) Chemical 3) Qualitative 4) Quantitative 5) None of the above
2) Chemical
The judicial case that set forth the guidelines for determining the admissibility of scientific examinations in the Federal courts is: 1) Frye v. United States 2) Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals 3) Coppolino v. State of Florida 4) Mapp v. United States 5) People v. Williams
2) Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals
What is the medical use of Curare at the time of Jascalevich's murder trial? 1) Blood thinner 2) Muscle-relaxant 3) Mood modifier 4) Pain killer
2) Muscle-relaxant
In 1985 US Drug Enforcement special agent Enrique Camarena was abducted near; 1) U. S. Consulate in Havana, Cuba 2) U. S. Consulate in Guadalajara, Mexico. 3) U. S. Consulate in Mexico City, Mexico. 4) U. S. Consulate in Toronto, Canada.
2) U. S. Consulate in Guadalajara, Mexico.
Curare is also known as; 1) Quinine sulfate 2) d-Tubocurarine 3) Nitrocurarine 4) Chlorocurare
2) d-Tubocurarine
Curare is also known as; 1) Quinine sulfate 2) d-Tubocurarine 3) Nitrocurarine 4) Chlorocurare
2) d-Tubocurarine
The ridge point nearest the type-line divergence is known as the ___________. 1) Ridge 2) delta 3) Type lines 4) Core
2) delta
Depressant
a substance that depresses the functions of central nervous system, depressants calm irritability and anxiety and may induce sleep
Hallucinogen
a substance that induces changes in mood, attitude, thought processes, and perceptions
iodine fuming
a technique for visualizing latent fingerprints by exposing them to iodine vapors.
superglue fuming
a technique for visualizing latent fingerprints on nonporous surfaces by exposing them to cyanoacrylate vapors; names for the commercial product superglue--> metals, electrical tape, leather and plastic bags
portrait parle
a verbal description of a perpetrator's physical characteristics and dress provided by an eyewitness
Mathieu orfila
father of forensic toxicology.
latent or invisible prints
impressions caused by the transfer of body persperation present on finger ridges to the surface of the object
in addition to providing insect evidence to the entomologist for further study, what other information must be supplied that is useful to estimate time of death
type of clothing, body buried or covered, position of body, state of decomposition, did death occur at the scene?
Francis Galton
undertook the first definitive study of fingerprints and developed a methodology of classifying them for filing
Codiene
usually prepared synthetically from morphine. It is commonly used as a cough suppressant in prescription cough syrup and is only 1/6th as strong as morphine
Hans Gross
wrote the first treatise describing the application of scientific discipline to the filed of criminal investigations
Comparison
the process of ascertaining whether two or more objects have a common origin
Evidence having class characteristics can: 1) Exonerate an innocent suspect 2) Link a person to a crime with a high degree of certainty 3) Always be fitted together in the manner of a jigpuzzle 4) Have no evidential value 5) None of the above
1) Exonerate an innocent suspect
The 1978 Supreme Court case which related to the impropriety of the warrantless collection of physical evidence at a homicide scene is __________________. 1) Mincey v. State of Arizona 2) O. J Simpson v. State of California 3) S. Petersen v. State of California 4) Williams v. State of Nevada 5) J. Domer v. State of Wisconsin
1) Mincey v. State of Arizona
A comparison analysis subjects a suspect specimen and a control specimen to the same tests and examinations for the ultimate purpose of determining: 1) Whether or not they have a common origin 2) If they are identical in chemical composition 3) If the same person handled them 4) If they are alike in molecular structure 5) All of the above
1) Whether or not they have a common origin
The examination of blood, hairs, fibers, and vegetative materials is conducted in the unit of a crime laboratory. 1) Firearms 2) Physical sciences 3) Biology 4) Documentation
3) Biology
One of the earliest crime laboratories was founded by: 1) Albert Osborn 2) Hans Gross 3) Edmond Locard 4) Leone Lattes 5) Francis Galton
3) Edmond Locard
The relative evidential value of laboratory test results is almost always dependent on: 1) The importance of the case 2) The quantity of evidence submitted 3) The way the evidence is collected and presented for examination 4) The crime laboratory's caseload 5) None of the above
3) The way the evidence is collected and presented for examination
The physical evidence collected in Enrique Camarena case included; 1) Hair and Fibers from victims 2) Vehicles used for transporting the victim 3) Soil sample from burial site and victim's cloths 4) All of the above
4) All of the above
In the case of State v. Jascalevich the trial judge admitted into scientific evidence as related to: 1) Cocaine 2) Meth 3) Lead 4) Curare
4) Curare
What were the circumstances leading to the identification of yellowish-green nylon fibers were manufactured by Wellman and West Point Papperall Corporation? 1) Appearance under the microscope 2) Visual appearance 3) Chemical Composition 4) Discriminating chemical and instrumental tests
4) Discriminating chemical and instrumental tests
The case of Frye v. United States deals with the legal issue of 1) Admissibility of photographs in court 2) Search and seizure guidelines 3) Defining the term "expert witness" 4) General acceptance of scientific principles 5) Admissibility of fingerprint evidence
4) General acceptance of scientific principles
The "jig saw fit" of known and questioned fragments is important for court presentation primarily because: 1) It is a quick way of demonstrating how the object broke. 2) Courts and juries are too nonto understand it any other way. 3) Instrumental analysis is too complicated to explain to nonjuries. 4) Instrumental analysis of the fragments will not be sufficiently specific for comparison purposes.
4) Instrumental analysis of the fragments will not be sufficiently specific for comparison purposes.
The following service does not normally lie within the expertise of the forensic scientist: 1) Drug identification 2) Wood comparisons 3) Document examination 4) Polygraph examination 5) Latent fingerprint examination
4) Polygraph examination
The manner of collecting and preserving physical evidence at a crime scene is determined by: 1) The circumstances of the crime 2) The importance of the case 3) The number of evidence collectors present at the crime scene 4) The nature of the evidence 5) The availability of suitable packaging material
4) The nature of the evidence
The _________________ test is a widely used color test for LSD. 1) Marquis 2) Scott 3) Duquenois 4) Van Urk
4) Van Urk
Barbiturates act to 1) produce sleep 2) create a feeling of well-being 3) promote relaxation 4) all of the above
4) all of the above
Fingerprints on hard and nonabsorbent surfaces are best developed by the application of a ______________________. 1) Iodine fuming 2) Ninhydrin spraying 3) Super Glue 4) powder
4) powder
Physical evidence that can be used to aid in a crime scene reconstruction includes: 1) Blood spatters 2) Gunshot residues 3) Glass fragments 4) Shoeprints 5) All of the above
5) All of the above
The obligation to maintain the integrity of evidence belongs to which of the following? 1) The first police officer at the scene 2) The forensic scientist 3) The prosecutor 4) The evidence clerk 5) All of the above
5) All of the above
The evidence collector is not concerned with: 1) Maintaining the chain of custody 2) Utilizing the proper packaging material for evidence 3) Labeling evidence 4) Collecting control specimens 5) Determining the natural variations that exist in physical evidence
5) Determining the natural variations that exist in physical evidence
21. A corpse was discovered in an apartment last November. It was that of a 50-year-old male who died of a heart attack. At the time of discovery, the body temperature was determined to be 89degreeF. What is the most probable post mortem interval? A) 7 hours B) 4 hours C) 2 hours D) 1 hour
A) 7 hours
What is the percentage of evidence evaluated in the crime lab that is drug-related? A) 75% B) 35% C) 25% D) 60%
A) 75%
Which substance is NOT normally used as a diluent of heroin? A) Glucose B) Starch C) Quinine D) Procaine
A) Glucose
The Marquis Reagent was used on drug evidence and it turned purple. The drug being tested could be: A) Heroin B) Cocaine C) Morphine D) Either a or b
A) Heroin
The value of ridge patterns in determining the uniqueness of a fingerprint is ________ the value of type and position of ridge characteristics in determining the uniqueness of a fingerprint. A) Iris and retina are parts of the eye that are unique to the individual B) Fingerprints provide less than perfect system of detection C) Both a and b D) None
A) Iris and retina are parts of the eye that are unique to the individual
Which of the following is NOT true about digital imaging? A) It does not all for the simultaneous comparison of two prints B) It produces an image composed of pixels C) Once the image is produced, it can be manipulated and enlarged D) It is a process in which a picture is converted into a digital file
A) It does not all for the simultaneous comparison of two prints
Which is NOT derived from opium? A) Marijuana B) Morphine C) Heroin D) None of the above
A) Marijuana
The FBI guide line to Warping and packaging the case of bullets (Projector without cartridge) is; A) Pack tightly in cotton or soft paper in pill, match, or powder box and seal, place in a box, label outside as to the contents. B) Call FBI's firearms division for help. C) Collect all cartridges you can put them all in a box and mail them to FBI D) Send by registered mail
A) Pack tightly in cotton or soft paper in pill, match, or powder box and seal, place in a box, label outside as to the contents.
Optical finger-scanners, which work in a similar way to a photo scanners, have been in use for a decade or so and are starting to be replaced by other methods. One of these is called capacitive scanning: it measures A) The electrical charge produced by the contact of the fingertip with an array of tiny capacitors mounted onto a silicon microchip B) Ultrasound produced by the contact of the fingertip with an array of tiny capacitors mounted onto a silicon microchip. C) The pressure produced by the contact of the fingertip with an array of tiny capacitors mounted onto a silicon microchip D) The sweat on the finger produces a contact resulting an array of tiny capacitors mounted onto a silicon microchip.
A) The electrical charge produced by the contact of the fingertip with an array of tiny capacitors mounted onto a silicon microchip
physical developer
a silver nitrate based reagent formulated to develop latent fingerprints on porous surfaces
In the last 15 years, forensic entomology has become more and more common in police investigations to determine time of death but it is only effective after A) 24 hrs of death B) 72 hrs of death C) 12 days after death D) 3 months after death.
B) 72 hrs of death
The use of which drug will NOT lead to physical dependence? A) Barbituates B) Cocaine C) Alcohol D) Heroin
B) Cocaine
To permanently alter the fingerprint and produce scars, one must damage the: A) Ridges B) Dermal papillae C) Epidermis D) Minutae
B) Dermal papillae
What was the final outcome of the case of State v. Jascalevich? A) Dr. Jascalevich was convicted of all charges B) Dr. Jascalevich was acquitted of all charges C) Court ordered inclusion of scientific evidence D) Court could not trust the scientific evidence.
B) Dr. Jascalevich was acquitted of all charges
Currently, which of the following, in conjunction with chemically induced fluorescence, is most often used to visualize latent prints? A) Laser illumination B) High intensity light sources C) IR light D) UV light
B) High intensity light sources
The number of deltas found in an arch pattern is ________ the number of deltas found in a loop pattern. A) Greater than B) Less than C) The same as
B) Less than
Which statement about note taking is NOT true? A) Notes should include location of physical evidence recovered. B) Note taking is done after all crime scene processing has been completed. C) Disposition of items after collection must be included. D) The individual who packaged and marked items of evidence should be recorded.
B) Note taking is done after all crime scene processing has been completed.
The FBI guide line to Warping and packaging physical the case of anonymous letters is; A) Call questioned documents unit for assistance B) Use a proper enclosure, place in an envelope and seal with evidence tape. C) Hand deliver it to FBI D) Send by registered mail
B) Use a proper enclosure, place in an envelope and seal with evidence tape.
Many biometric technologies for identity verification are being developed. Some of them include, A) Photographs, hairstyles, shoe types, etc. B) Voice recognition, face recognition, vein measurement, chemical odor analysis, signature C) Walking style, clothing patterns and appearance D) Body position, height and weight identification, and facial thermography
B) Voice recognition, face recognition, vein measurement, chemical odor analysis, signature
Stimulant
a substance taken to increase alertness or activity
Designer" drugs are A) Often abused by the wealthy B) High end products of the major pharmaceutical companies C) Chemically related to controlled substances D) Very often abused by the fashion industry
C) Chemically related to controlled substances
11. Who is known as the "father of forensic toxicology"? A) Osborn B) Locard C) Orfilia D) Lattes
C) Orfilia
Which barbiturate is absorbed more slowly than the others? A) Pentobarbital B) Secobarbital C) Phenobarbital D) Amobarbital
C) Phenobarbital
Ninhydrin is used on a latent print to detect A) Salt B) Riboflavin C) Protein material D) Fatty acids
C) Protein material
The chemical analytical techniques used in the analysis of physical evidence in Dr. Jascalevich's case were; A) UV/Vis Spectrophotometry B) Soil analysis by density gradients C) Radioimmunoassay and High performance liquid chromatography. D) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.
C) Radioimmunoassay and High performance liquid chromatography.
Investigators can use ________ to detect latent fingerprints without use of chemicals or powder treatments. A) GC/MS B) ARIS C) Ruvis D) GRIM 2
C) Ruvis
Methamphetamine is a: A) Hallucinogen B) Depressant C) Stimulant D) None
C) Stimulant
Which chemical treatment produces a white-appearing latent print? A) Ninhydrin B) Iodine fuming C) Super glue fuming D) Physical developer
C) Super glue fuming
24. A victim's fingernail scrapings would be correctly packaged in: A) a plastic Ziplocä bag. B) sealed, airtight containers. C) a druggist fold. D) both B and C
C) a druggist fold.
The likelihood of finding class physical evidence is ________ the likelihood of finding physical evidence with individual characteristics. A) same as B) less than C) greater than
C) greater than
DNA Matching
CODIS
What percentage of the population falls into the 1/1 Primary Classification category? A) 20 B) 30 C) 10 D) 25
D) 25
Dusting to visualize a latent print on finished leather and rough plastic is best done with a: A) Fiber glass brush B) Camel's hair brush C) Magna brush D) All the above
D) All the above
Fingerprint biometric verification is already being used on a limited basis so far to; A) Control access to personal computers B) Cell phones C) ATMS D) All the above
D) All the above
Most narcotics are: A) Obtained from opium B) Physically addicting C) Depressants to the central nervous system D) All the above
D) All the above
Use of which of the following drugs is LEAST likely to lead to psychological dependence? A) Heroin B) Cocaine C) Alcohol D) Codeine
D) Codeine
The most well-known biometric technology of all is the _______________ A) Retinal scans B) Palm scans C) Blood vessel patterns D) Fingerprints
D) Fingerprints
After successfully visualizing a latent print on an object an investigator should next: A) Lift the print with adhesive tape B) Classify the print C) Compare it to the suspect's print D) Take a 1:1 photograph of the print
D) Take a 1:1 photograph of the print
22. Which would not be included in the work of the biology unit of a crime lab? A) blood typing B) comparison of hairs C) DNA profiling D) fingerprint analysis
D) fingerprint analysis
regular use of the following drug may lead to physical dependency a) LSD b)Marijuana C) Aspirin D)Caffiene E) Ethyl Alcohol
E) Ethyl Alcohol
Eye Scans
Eye scans can be categorized into two types: iris and retinal. Iris scans digitally process, record, and compare the light and dark patterns in the iris' flecks and rings, something akin to a human bar code. Retinal scans, on the other hand, are more intrusive, requiring close-up infrared scanning through the pupil.
Handwriting and Signature Identification
FISH takes a block of text and then plots the handwriting as arithmetic and geometric values. Signature recognition programs, however, read signatures written on an electronic pad by measuring the speed, pressure, and direction of the strokes.
Edmond Locard
Locard's exchange principle
Club drugs
Synthetic drugs that are used in nightclubs, bars and raves MDMA, Ecstasy, rohpnol, ketamine, methamphetamine
plastic prints
a fingerprint impressed in a soft surface
visible prints
a fingerprint made when the finger deposits a visible material sucj as ink, dirt, or blood onto a surface
sublimination
a physical change from the solid directly into the gaseous state iodine prints are not permanent
digital imaging
a process through which a picture is converted into a series of square electronic dots known as pixels; the picture is manipulated by computer software that changes the numerical value of each pixel
Forensic science
The scientific analysis and interpretation of physical evidence for use in a court of law. - may be in criminal or civil arena
Describe the advantages of incorporating an evidence collection unit into the organizational structure of the crime laboratories
The unit will be able to recognize, collect, and properly package evidence at the crime scene. It will be more equipped to handle the evidence
Voice Recognition
This technique has been used at border crossings. Voice, or speaker, recognition employs positive identification that, in this instance, verifies that the person crossing the border is the person already enrolled in the database
Hand Geometry
This type of scan reads the outline or the shape of a shadow, not the handprint.
Ninhydrin
a chemical reagent used to develop latent fingerprints on porous materials by reacting with amino acids in perspiration
analgesic
a drug or substance that lessons or eliminates pain
In 1966 the prosecutors terminated the case against Dr. Jascalevichbecause; a) Dr. Jascalevich's story that he used curare in his animal experiments matched with physical evidence found in his locker. b) There was insufficient evidence. c) There were no eye witnesses to the crime. d) The evidence could not be tested.
a) Dr. Jascalevich's story that he used curare in his animal experiments matched with physical evidence found in his locker
A fingerprint pattern having no delta is a(n) a) arch b) loop c) plain whorl d)central pocket loop e) accidental
a) arch
the fingerprint pattern accounting for only five percent of all known patterns is the a) arch b) radial loop c) ulnar loop d) whorl e) None of the above
a) arch
The exchange of evidence principle was what a) locard b) Galton c) Osborn d) Gross
a) locard
the reagent used for the field test of heroin is a) marquis b) duquenois c) scott reagent d) van urk e) sodium aceta
a) marquis
Heroin is a chemical derivative of a) morphine b) barbituric acid c) codeine d) methadone
a) morphine
which of the following is considered to be a hallucinogen a) phenocyclidine b) mescaline c) psilocybin d) stp e) all of the above are hallucinogens
a) phenocyclidine
The FBI guide line to warping and packaging physical evidence in the case of blood (dry stains not on fabric) is a) place in a paper bag and seal it to prevent loss, place the sealed bag in suitable strong mailing carton and mail it b) call FBI serology unit for assistance place in plastic bag and send it c) send by registered mail d) The FBI guide line to Warping and
a) place in a paper bag and seal it to prevent loss, place the sealed bag in suitable strong mailing carton and mail it
what is the preferred way to send physical evidence to FBI laboratory for analysis a) registered mail or equivalent b) regular usps mail c) always hand deliver evidence d) always call FBI for Mailing instructions
a) registered mail or equivalent
Which crime scene search pattern would absolutely require more than one person? a) zone b) line c) spiral d) grid
a) zone
Heard in the supreme court, which case dealt with the impropriety of the warrantless collection of physical evidence at a homicide scene? a)Mincey v. Arizona b)Mapp v. U.S c) People v. Wilkens d) Frye v. US
a)Mincey v. Arizona
Huffing
all materials used in sniffing contain volatile or gaseous substances that are primarily central nervous system depressants. Gives a feeling of exhilaration and euphoria combined with slurred speech, impaired judgement, and double vision. They expose themselves to the danger of liver, heart and brain damage from the chemicals inhaled and have a increased risk of death due to the hydrocarbons
Narcotic
an analgesic or pain-killing substance that depresses vital body functions such as blood pressure, pulse rate, and breathing rate; regular, administration of narcotics produces physical dependence pharmacologists classify narcotic drugs as substances the bring reflief from pain and produce sleep
livescan
an inkless device that captures the digital images of fingerprints and palm prints and electronically transmits the image to an AFIS.
walter McCrone
analytical technology
opiates
arcotic, has a morphine content ranging from 4 to 21%
Biometrics
automated methods of recognizing an individual based on their physical or behavioral characteristics i.e fingerprints, face, iris, hand geometry, voice and dynamic signatures
The most common first groups of insects to arrive at the crime scene are _________. a) Muscidae or houseflies b) Calliphoridae or blowflies c) Piophilidae or cheese skippers d) None of the above
b) Calliphoridae or blowflies
in 1985 us drug enforcement special agent Enrique Camarena was abducted by a) povan-reyes b) Ernesto fonseca c) Alfredo Zavala d) Rafaek Caro-Quintero
b) Ernesto fonseca
drugs deemed to have the highest potential for abuse and having a current medical use are listed in which schedule of the controlled substance act a) I b) II c) III d) IV e) V
b) II
Protein residues are best developed into fingerprint impressions with a) Iodine b) Ninhydrin c) Physical developer d) dusting powder e) all of the above
b) Ninhydrin
which of the following is synthetically produced and does not occur naturally a) cocaine b) amphetamine c) morphine d) opium e) ethyl alcohol
b) amphetamine
all the following items may be placed in an air tight container except a) charred debris recovered from fire b) bloodstained clothing c) glass d) hairs and fibers e) explosive residue
b) bloodstained clothing
Physical evidence is considered to have ______ as that of eye witness testimony. a) the same value b) greater value c) less value
b) greater value
a police officer performs a field test on a white powder, obtaining purple color. The most likely drug present is a) cocaine b) heroin c) LSD d) Methadone e) a barbituate
b) heroin
chemical methods for developing latent fingerprints must be used in the following order a)iodine, physical developer, ninyhdrin b) iodine, ninhydrin, physical developer c) ninhydrin, iodine, physical developer d) physical developer, ninhydrin, iodine
b) iodine, ninhydrin, physical developer
The ability to make a positive identification of a drug using UV spectrophotometry is ________ the ability to make a positive identification using IR spectrophotometry. a) Greater than b) Less than c) The same as
b) less than
The collection of standard reference samples at the crime scene is important because they: a) prove the continuity of possession. b) permit comparisons to be made with the evidence. c) serve as a source of extra test material if required in the crime lab. d) are obtained only from suspects in cases of violent assault.
b) permit comparisons to be made with the evidence.
The most common dilutent of heroin is a) Mannitol b) quanine c) procaine d) starch e) methapyrilene
b) quanine
according to FBI guidelines, what is the desired amount of physical evidence to be sent for analysis a) half of evidence that was collected b) send all of the evidence collected c) make a judgement as to how much evidence to submit d) trace amounts of evidence is just enough
b) send all of the evidence collected
The FBI guide line to Warping and packaging physical evidence in the case of blood (for toxicological use) is a) seal to prevent leakage, place in suitable strong mailing carton b) should use a suitable and standard collection kit with preservative and send it in the kit c) place in plastic bag and send it d) check with the crime lab before sending
b) should use a suitable and standard collection kit with preservative and send it in the kit
In the case of Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceutical, Inc., the U.S.Supreme Court advocated that a "gatekeeper" determine the admissibility and reliability of scientific evidence. This gatekeeper is the: a) prosecutor. b) trial judge. c) jury. d) expert witness.
b) trial judge.
The FBI guide line to Warping and packaging physical the case of glass (fractures/particles) is; a) Call FBI laboratory for further instructions b)Warp each piece separately in case of fractures using cotton. In case of particles, collect in film canister or a plastic vials. Seal, cover with suitable packing material to prevent breakage and mail in box labeled "Fragile." c) Put all pieces in a box, fill box with packing material and send it to FBI by registered mail. d) Send every thing you collect in a box by registered mail.
b)Warp each piece separately in case of fractures using cotton. In case of particles, collect in film canister or a plastic vials. Seal, cover with suitable packing material to prevent breakage and mail in box labeled "Fragile."
Which of the following types of fingerprints are more likely to be found impressed in soft wax? a) visible b)plastic c)latent d) hidden e) None of the above
b)plastic
dillie-koppanyi
barbituates turn violet blue in color
dillie-koppanyi (color test)
barbituates turn violet blue in color
Which technique allows for both separation and specific identification of a questioned mixture of substances? a) UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRY b) GC c) GC/MS d) IR spectrophotometry
c) GC/MS
The FBI guide line to Warping and packaging physical the case of Hair and other fibers is; a) Call FBI laboratory for further instructions. b) Warp each piece separately, place them in a plastic vials, seal, cover with suitable packing material and mail in box labeled "Fragile." c) Wrap in a folded paper of pill box, seal edges and openings with tape, place in a suitable container. d) Send every thing you collect in a box by registered mail.
c) Wrap in a folded paper of pill box, seal edges and openings with tape, place in a suitable container
Which statement is true of a partial fingerprint? a) it must show at least a little of all ten fingers b) any print is sufficient for identification as long as there is enough to identify its basic pattern c) any print can identify a criminal if it shows an adequate number of ridges d) at least 75% of the pattern must be present for identification e) none of the above
c) any print can identify a criminal if it shows an adequate number of ridges
a chemical method used for developing prints on non-surfaces is a) physical developer b) ninhydrin c) applying the dye rhodamine 6G after fuming with cyanocrylate d) DFO e) All the above
c) applying the dye rhodamine 6G after fuming with cyanocrylate
there is a significant likelihood that continued use of ____ will result in a low degree of psychological dependence a) cocaine b) heroin c) marijuana d) barbituates e) amphetamines
c) marijuana
10. The FBI guide line to wraping and packaging physical evidence in the case of blood stained clothing is a) fold all clothes toegether, place in plastic bag, seal and mail in suitable mail or hand deliver b) call FBI DNA Unit for assistance c) wrap each article separately, label outside, place in strong box to prevent shifting of contents and then mail or hand deliver d) none of the above
c) wrap each article separately, label outside, place in strong box to prevent shifting of contents and then mail or hand deliver
Ketamine
causes euphoria and feelings of unreality accompanied by visual hallucination. Causes impaired motor function, high blood pressure, amnesia, and mild respiratory depression
GHB and Rohypnol
central nervous system depressants. Effects cause dizziness, sedation, headache and nausea. Rohypnol causes muscle relaxation, loss of consciousness and an inability to remember what happened during the hours after ingesting the drug
in cooperation with the medical examiner or coroner, what type of evidence is to be retrieved from a deceased victim for examination in the crime laboratory
clothing, fingernail clippings, head and pubic hairs, blood, vaginal swabs
Scott test (color test)
color test for cocaine, in solution A powder turns blue, upon addiction of solution B powder turns clear-pink, upon addition of cocaine will appear blue in the chloroform layer
Scott test
color test for cocaine, in solution A powder turns blue, upon addiition of solution B powder turns clear-pink, upon addition of C cocaine will appear blue in the chloroform layer
duquenois-levine
color test for marijuana where a positive result is shown by a purple color in the chloroform layer
duquenois-levine (color test)
color test for marijuana where a positive result is shown by a purple color in the chloroform layer
psychological dependence
conditioned use of a drug caused by underlying emotional needs.
The first systematic system of individual classification and identification was introduced by a) Francis Galton b) Richard Henry c) William Hershel d) Alphonse Bertilion e) None of the above
d) Alphonse Bertilion
Fingerprints are formed: a) By the time a child is two years old b) During first six months after birth c) At birth d) During fetal development
d) During fetal development
Who established the comparison microscope as the indespensible tool of the modern firearms examiner? a) lattes b) Gross c) Osborn d) Goddard
d) Goddard
the tranquilizers valium and librium are classified in which schedule of the controlled substance act a) I b) II c) III d) IV e) V
d) IV
the FBI guide line to warping and packaging physical evidence in the case of an abrasive is a) Not less than one ounce b) Send by registered mail c) Mark and initial out side of the box d) Use film canister or plastic vial and seal to prevent any loss
d) Use film canister or plastic vial and seal to prevent any loss
As per national institute of justice, when dealing with digital evidence, the following general forensic and procedural principles should be a) actions taken to secure and collect digital evidence should not affect the integrity of that evidence b) persons conducting an examination of digital evidence should be trained for that purpose c) activity relating to the seizure, examination, storage, or transfer of digital evidence should be documented, preserved, and available for review d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Crime scene reconstruction requires the piecing together of: a) input from medical examiner. b) accounts given by witnesses and suspects. c) the story told by evidence recovered at crime scene. d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Insect evidence at the crime scene can be found as a) eggs b) larvae or maggots and pupae c) adults and/or empty pupal cases d) all the above
d) all the above
What were the circumstances leading to the identification of yellowish green nylon fibers were manufactured by wellman and West Point Papperall corporation a) appearance under the microscope b) visual appearance c) chemical composition d) discriminating chemical and instrumental tests
d) discriminating chemical and instrumental tests
the following is not a stimulant a) caffiene b) amphetamine c) cocaine d) ethyl alcohol e) all of the above
d) ethyl alcohol
Marijuana is considered to be a a) depressant b) stimulant c) narcotic d) hallucinogen e) tranquilizer
d) hallucinogen
the following analytical technique is considered to be a specific test in a drug identification scheme a) color test b) micro crystalline test c) thin chromatography d) infrared spectrophotometry e) ultraviolet spectrophotometry
d) infrared spectrophotometry
which of the following statements is false a) hashish is a concentrated preparation of marijuana b) the active ingredient of marijuana is tetrahydrocannabinol c) prior to 1970 marijuana was classified as a narcotic d) marijuana is synthesized from the cannabis sativa plant e) marijuana can tentatively be identified by the Duquenoiscolor
d) marijuana is synthesized from the cannabis sativa plant
A properly maintained chain of custody is NOT the responsibility of the: a) crime scene processor. b) evidence clerk. c) forensic technician. d) trial judge.
d) trial judge.
The FBI guide for warping and packaging physical evidence in the case of an abrasive is a) not less than one ounce b) send by registered mail c) mark and initial outside of box d) use film canister or plastic vial and seal to prevent any loss
d) use film canister or plastic vial and seal to prevent any loss
Controlled substance act
establishes five schedules of classifications for controlled dangerous substances on the basis of a drug's potential for abuse, potential for physical and psychological dependence and medical value
schedule I
deemed to have high potential for abuse, have no currently accepted medical use in the U.S and/or lack accepted safety for use in treatment under medical supervision. Drugs include: heroin, marijuana, methaqualone, and LSD
Albert Osborn
developed the fundamental principles of document examination responsible for the acceptance of documents as scientific evidence by the courts
Alphonse Bertillion
devised the first scientific system of personal identification. Developed the science of anthropometry
Leone Lattes
discovered blood can be grouped into different categories.
quadrant or zone pattern
divides the scene into zones or quadrants. Team members are assigned to search each section.
Cocaine
drug stimulant extracted from the leaves of eryhroxylon coca. Its affects resemble those caused by amphetamines—increased alertness and vigor, accompanied by suppression of hunger, fatigue, and boredom. Crack ordinary cocaine is mixed with baking soda and water into a solution that is then heated up. This material is then dried and broken up into little chunks Effects of cocaine cardiac death or seizures, chronic users who go without cocaine often feel depressed, has strong psychological compulsions to continue use
which of the following is not a depressant a) librium b) valium c) mathaqualone d) ethyl alcohol e) all of the above are depressants
e) all of the above are depressants
Which of the following are considered to be club drugs a) Ketamine b) MDMA c) rohpynol d) GHB e) all the above
e) all the above
The most satisfactory way of simultaneously separating and tentatively identifying drugs is by a) ultraviolet spectrosphotometry b) infrared spectrophotometry c) emission spectroscopy d) neutron activation analysis e) chromatography
e) chromatography
which of the following is not a ridge characteristic of a fingerprint a) enclosures b) bifurcation c) island d) ridge ending e) core
e) core
how would you collect and preserve various stages of insects
eggs- half preserved in 75% alcohol and 50% isopropyl alcohol. Rest should ve placed in a vial w/ a damp tissue to prevent tissue paper. more than a few hours than beef liver with tissue or sawdust maggots- note size and temp, take soil as marker, emerge half in 70% alcohol and 50% isopropyl alcohol. sample =100 pupae- paper towel over vial with a pice of tissue slightly moistened. Do not preserve adult flies- collected by net or inverted vial bettles- place with some air, only feed if more than 24hrs before seeing entomologist
methadone
eliminates the addicts desire for heroin while producing minimal side effects
spiral search pattern
employs one person. the investigator either moves from an outward boundary inward or a inward boundary outward. Investigator can see evidence but evidence can be missed
wheel or ray search pattern
employs several people moving from the boundary straight toward the center of the scene or from the center straight to the boundary. This method is not preferred
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
enhances self awareness and decreases inhibitions. However seizures, muscle breakdown, stroke, kidney failure and cardiovascular system occur with chronic use. Causes damage to the place in the brain responsible for thought and memory.
latent fingerprints
fingerprint made by the deposit of oils and/or perspiration; it is invisible to the naked eye
Amphetamines
group of synthetic drugs that stimulate the central nervous system. Referred to as uppers or speed. Provides a feeling of well being and increased alertness that is followed by decrease in fatigue and a loss of appetite. Ice to make crystal meth. Chronic users experience violent destructive behavior and acute psychosis
schedule II
have a high potential for abuse, a currently accepted medical use or a medical use with severe restrictions, and a potential for severe psychological or physical dependence. Drugs include: opium, its derivatives not listed in schedule I, cocaine; methadone, phencyclidine (PCP), barbituates, amphetamines, pentobarbitol, marijuana
Schedule Iv
have a low potential for abuse relative to schedule III drugs and have a current medical use in the U.S. Their abuse may lead to limited dependence relative to schedule III drugs. Drugs include: propoxyphene, phenobarbitol, and tranquilizers such as meprobamate, diazepam, and chlordiazepoxide
schedule III
have less potential for abuse than those in schedule I and II, a currently accepted medical use in the U.S and a potential for low or moderate physical dependence or high psychological dependence. Drugs include: all barbiturate preparation (except phenobarbital) not covered under schedule II. , codiene preparations, and anabolic steroids
grayscale images
images composed of only black and white elements (ranges from 0 (black) to 255 (white))
U.S v. Byron C. Mitchell
judge upheld the admissability of fingerprints as scientific evidence and ruled that (1) human friction ridges are unique and permanent and (2) human friction ridge skin arrangements are unique and permanent
Calvin Goddard
made a system to determine whether a particular gun has fired a bullet from a particular weapon
heroin
made by reacting morphine with acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride. heroin produces a high that is accompanied by drowsiness and a deep sense of well-being; however the effect is short generally lasting only three or four hours
Phenocyclidine
often mixed with other drugs and is a solid powder, capsule or tablet or a liquid sprayed on plant leaves. First experiences include feelings of strength and invulnerability, along with a dreamy sense of detachment. Later responses include unresponsiveness, confusion, agitation, depression, irraitibility, etc.
strip or line search pattern
one or two investigators start at the boundary at one end of the scene and walk straight across to the other side. Continue the pattern further down the line. Best used for well established boundaries.
forensic
pertaining to, connected with, or used in court of law or public discussion and debate- adapted or suited to argumentation; rhetorical
physical dependence
physiological need for a drug that has been brought about by its regular use. Dependence is characterized by withdrawal sickness when administration of the drug is abruptly stopped.
Marijuana
preparation derived from the plant cannabis; preparation normally consists of crushed leaves mixed in varying proportions with the plant's flower, stem and seed. The plant secretes a sticky resin known as hashish. The resinous material can also be extracted from the plants by soaking in a solvent such as alcohol
Individual characteristics
properties of evidence that can be attributed to a common source with an extremely high degree of certainty
Class characteristics
properties of evidence that can only be associated with a group and never with a single source
Van Urk
reagent turns blue-purple in the presence of LSD.
Van Urk (color test)
reagent turns blue-purple in the presence of LSD.
Barbiutates
referred to as downers because they relax and create a feeling of well being and produce sleep. They suppress the central nervous system.
ridge characteristics (minutiae)
ridge endings, bifurications, enclosures, and other ridge details, which must match in two fingerprints in order for their common origin to be established
schedule V
show low abuse potential, have medical use in the U.S and have less potential for producing dependence than schedule IV drugs. Drugs include: certain opiate drug mixtures and nonnarcotic medicinal ingredients
Designer drugs
substances that are chemically related to some controlled drugs and are pharmacologically potent
LSD
synthesized from lysergic acid, a substance derived from ergot, which is a type of fungus that attacks certain grasses and grains; very potent—25 micrograms can cause vivid hallcucinations lasting 12 hours; causes mood changes such as laughing to instant crying, anxiety, and tension. User may be prone to flashbacks and psychotic reactions even after use is discontinued
anthropometry
system of identification of individuals by measurement of parts of the body developed by Alphonese Bertellon. the use of anthropometry as a method of identification rested on the premise that the dimensions of the human bone system remained fixed from age 20 until death
Oxycontin
the active ingredient is oxycodone, a synthetic closely related to morphine and heroin in its chemical structure. It is an analgesic narcotic that has a similar effect to those of heroin
grid search pattern
the grid method employs two people performing line searches that originate from adjacent coroners and form perpendicular lines. This method is thorough but te boundaries must be well established
Reconstruction
the method used to support a likely sequence of events by the observation and evaluation of physical evidence, as well as statements made by those involved with the incident
Identification
the process of determining a substance's physical or chemical identity. Drug analysis, species determination, and explosive residue analysis are typical examples of this undertaking in a forensic setting
marquis
the reagent turns purple in the presence of heroin and morphine and most opium derivates, May become orange-brown when mixed with amphetamins and methamphetamines
marquis (color test)
the reagent turns purple in the presence of heroin and morphine and most opium derivates, May become orange-brown when mixed with amphetamins and methamphetamines
Criminalistics
the science dealing with the detection of crime and the apprehension of criminals - derived from the German "Kriminalistic" - coined in early 1900's to attempt to better describe the emerging discipline of "police science".
Anti-psychotic or antianxiety drugs
these drugs produce a relaxing tranquility without impairing high thinking faculties or inducing sleep. High dependency